两种新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病模型建模方法的比较

目的比较两种新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病（HIE）模型建模方法的差异，探讨麻醉和动物缺血缺氧间期对HIE动物模型的影响。方法采用7d龄SD乳鼠建立HIE模型。传统组动物乙醚麻醉后结扎左侧颈总动脉，休息2～3h，同时人37℃水溶闭缺氧箱，持续充以8％氧＋92％氮的混合气体，气流量1L／min，维持2．5h。改进组动物动脉结扎手术前动物不予麻醉，且术后动物不作休息立即进行缺氧。比较建模过程中两组动物的存活情况；光镜下观察建模后3d两组动物左侧大脑半球的病理变化情况，并比较两组动物病理总评分的差异。结果改进组建模过程中所有动物未见死亡，传统组建模过程中6只动物死亡（P〈0．025）。建模后3d，改进组动物脑组织变性、坏死显著，病理总评分550分，传统组大部分动物脑组织未见明显病变，总评分130分（P〈0．01）。结论传统HIE建模方法动物在建模过程中死亡率高，而存活的模型动物病理变化却不确切。改进的HIE建模方法模型动物个体之间均衡性好，脑部病变确切，建模过程中动物死亡率低，值得推广。     

氧化应激与阿尔茨海默病

目的：探时氧化心激在阿尔茨海默病发生发展中的作用，了解褪黑素防治阿尔茨海默病的现状。方法：分析了近年研究的有关阿尔茨海默病氧化损伤证据和可能机制，以及褪黑素用于阿尔茨海默病治疗的研究现状。结果：阿尔茨海默病3种主要病理变化-老年斑、神经纤维缠结、神经元死亡都有自由基参与，因此外源性抗氧化剂的应用是阿尔茨海默病药物治疗的有前途的一种方法。褪黑素是松果体腺分泌的主要激素，具有抗自由基和保护神经元的作用，其延缓衰老的作用已明确，并且褪黑素在阿尔茨海默病患者体内水平降低也被证实。结论：氧化应激在阿尔茨海默病发病上起重要作用。褪黑素具有强大的抗自由基作用，但外源性补充褪黑素究竟能否起到预防或减轻阿尔茨海默病的发病及进展需要进一步证实。     

Aluminium hydroxide stabilised MnFe2O4 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles as dual-modality contrasts agent for MRI and PET imaging

Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) MnFe₂O₄ and Fe₃O₄ were stabilised by depositing an Al(OH)₃ layer via a hydrolysis process. The particles displayed excellent colloidal stability in water and a high affinity to [¹⁸F]-fluoride and bisphosphonate groups. A high radiolabeling efficiency, 97% for ¹⁸F-fluoride and 100% for ⁶⁴Cu-bisphosphonate conjugate, was achieved by simply incubating NPs with radioactivity solution at room temperature for 5 min. The properties of particles were strongly dependant on the thickness and hardness of the Al(OH)₃ layer which could in turn be controlled by the hydrolysis method. The application of these Al(OH)₃ coated magnetic NPs in molecular imaging has been further explored. The results demonstrated that these NPs are potential candidates as dual modal probes for MR and PET. In vivo PET imaging showed a slow release of ¹⁸F from NPs, but no sign of efflux of ⁶⁴Cu.     

E6/E7 oncoproteins of high risk HPV-16 upregulate MT1-MMP,MMP-2 and MMP-9 and promote the migration of cervical cancer cells

Background: E6 and E7 of high risk human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) were reported to correlate with the cervical cancer (CC). And the presence of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has also been indicated to be associated with CC. Methods: The present study investigated the expression of MMPs (MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and MMP-9) in CC cells with HPV16-E6/E7 oncoprotein(s) negative or positive, and then determined the regulation of HPV16-E6/E7 oncoproteins on the expression of MMPs (MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and MMP-9) and the migration of cervical cancer Caski and SiHa cells with RNAi technology. Results: It was demonstrated that the overexpression or the knockdown of HPV16-E6/E7 promoted or reduced MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in CC cells. And the HPV16-E6, -E7 or -E6E7 influenced the migration of CC cells. The overexpression or the knockdown of them promoted or inhibited the migration of C33A or Caski/SiHa cells. Moreover, the chemical inhibition of MMP-2 or MMP-9 significantly reduced the migration of CC Caski or SiHa cells. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the E6-HPV16 or E7-HPV16 promoted the activity of MMP-2/9, and contributed to the migration of cervical cells.     

Disclosing the Hidden Structure and Underlying Mutational Mechanism of a Novel Type of Duplication CNV Responsible for Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromas

The additional mutational complexity associated with copy number variation (CNV) can provide important clues as to the underlying mechanisms of CNV formation. Correct annotation of the additional mutational complexity is, however, a prerequisite for establishing the mutational mechanism. We illustrate this point through the characterization of a novel ～230 kb EXT1 duplication CNV causing autosomal dominant hereditary multiple osteochondromas. Whole‐genome sequencing initially identified the CNV as having a 22‐bp insertion at the breakpoint junction and, unprecedentedly, multiple breakpoint‐flanking micromutations on both sides of the duplication. Further investigation revealed that this genomic rearrangement had a duplication‐inverted triplication–duplication structure, the inverted triplication being a 41‐bp sequence synthesized from a nearby template. This permitted the identification of the sequence determinants of both the initiation (an inverted Alu repeat) and termination (a triplex‐forming sequence) of break‐induced replication and suggested a possible model for the repair of replication‐associated double‐strand breaks.     

Resolvin D1 Alleviates the Lung Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via Complement,Immunoglobulin, TLR4, and Inflammatory Factors in Rats

Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is still an unsolved medical issue, which negatively affects the prognosis of many lung diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of RvD1 on LIRI and the potential mechanisms involved. The results revealed that the levels of complement, immunoglobulin, cytokines, sICAM-1, MPO, MDA, CINC-1, MCP-1, ANXA-1, TLR4, NF-κBp65, apoptosis index, and pulmonary permeability index were increased, whereas the levels of SOD, GSH-PX activity, and oxygenation index were decreased in rats with LIRI. Except for ANXA-1, these responses induced by LIRI were significantly inhibited by RvD1 treatment. In addition, LIRI-induced structure damages of lung tissues were also alleviated by RvD1 as shown by H&E staining and transmission electron microscopy. The results suggest that RvD1 may play an important role in protection of LIRI via inhibition of complement, immunoglobulin, and neutrophil activation; down-regulation of TLR4/NF-κB; and the expression of a variety of inflammatory factors.     

慢性牙周炎与种植牙相关性的Meta分析

目的 系统评价慢性牙周炎对种植牙存留率和骨吸收的影响。方法 计算机检索PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库和万方数据库,检索有慢性牙周炎患者种植的相关文章,检索时限截至2013年6月。由两位研究者按照纳入和排除标准筛选文献、提取资料并评价质量后,采用RevMan5.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 5个病例对照研究被纳入,合计306例患者共476枚种植体,其中牙周炎组252枚,牙周健康组224枚。Meta分析结果显示,牙周炎组和牙周健康组种植体存留率差异有统计学意义[MD=0.42,95% CI（0.21,0.81）,P=0.01]。骨吸收有统计学差异[MD=2.26,95% CI（0.54,3.98）,P=0.01]。结论 牙周炎患者对种植体存留率和骨吸收有明显影响,增加了远期失败的风险。鉴于本系统评价纳入研究数量太少且病例不多,时间太短,以及测量指标不全面等影响本Meta分析论证强度及全面性的因素存在,以上结论尚需开展更多高质量研究证实。     

Icare回弹式眼压计的应用与护理

目的探讨Icare回弹式眼压计的临床应用以及测量时的护理。方法选取受试者112人112只眼,使用Icare回弹式眼压计分别对患者右眼角膜中央、距角膜缘2mill的0～180。子午线颞侧和鼻侧进行测量。结果Icare回弹式眼压计测得的眼压值在角膜中央、颞侧和鼻侧分别为（15．4±3．4）,（15．8±3．6）,（15．6±3．4）mmHg,角膜中央眼压和水平子午线的鼻侧、颞侧眼压数值比较差异无统计学意义（F=0．325,P〉0．05）,有显著的一致性。结论在正常眼压范围内,Icare回弹式眼压计在角膜中央、颞侧和鼻侧有明显的一致性。测量时的护理是取得准确测量结果的有效保证。     

60例全耳郭再造与听力重建同步手术病人的围术期护理

[目的]总结先天性小耳畸形病人行全耳郭再造与听力重建同步手术的围术期护理.[方法]对60例(68耳)先天性小耳畸形病人行全耳郭再造与听力重建同步手术,同时加强围术期心理护理、负压引流的护理、疼痛护理和压疮的预防等.[结果]60例病人术后出现术区渗血1例,再造耳感染2例,经处理均恢复良好;均未出现面瘫、眩晕、耳鸣等并发症,病人术后听力均有不同程度提高.[结论]加强全耳郭再造与听力重建同步手术病人围术期护理是手术成功的保证.     

音乐治疗联合心理干预对甲状腺手术患者术后疼痛的影响

目的:探讨音乐治疗联合心理干预对甲状腺手术患者术后疼痛的影响。方法:将92例择期行甲状腺手术的患者随机分为研究组和对照组各46例,对照组采用常规术前准备及护理,研究组在此基础上采用音乐治疗联合心理干预,比较两组患者术后2 h、8 h及24 h疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)。结果:研究组患者术后8 h、24 h VAS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对择期行甲状腺手术的患者在术前常规护理的基础上采用音乐治疗联合心理干预可明显减轻术后疼痛,值得临床推广应用。