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91.
92.
Bovine tooth enamel with a low and uniform fluorine content was used for the study of fluorine uptake by the Micro-Acid-Drop enamel biopsy technique from different treatment agents commonly used in Sweden. The fluorine concentration in the enamel was also measured after an exposure of the treated test surfaces in artificial saliva for 90 minutes. Sodium fluoride 0.2% and 2%, ferric aluminum fluoride solution and Duraphat varnish showed a high uptake of fluorine in the enamel with the highest concentration in the surface layer. Fluor Protector and the toothpastes showed a considerably lower fluorine uptake. After immersion in artificial saliva of the specimens, the concentration of fluorine in the enamel decreased. 相似文献
93.
Myo Thura Zaw Nor Amalina Emran Zaw Lin 《Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection》2018,51(2):159-165
Background
In the fight against malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, the successes achieved by artemisinin were endangered by resistance of the parasites to the drug. Whole genome sequencing approach on artemisinin resistant parasite line discovered k13 gene associated with drug resistance. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated mutations in the k13 gene were linked to the artemisinin resistance.Methodology
The literatures published after April, 2015 up to December, 2016 on k13 mutant alleles for artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and relevant literatures were comprehensively reviewed.Results
To date, 13 non-synonymous mutations of k13 gene have been observed to have slow parasite clearance. Worldwide mapping of k13 mutant alleles have shown mutants associated with artemisinin resistance were confined to southeast Asia and China and did not invade to African countries. Although in vitro ring stage survival assay of 0–3 h was a recently developed assay, it was useful for rapid detection of artemisinin resistance associated k13 allelic marker in the parasite. Recently, dissemination of k13 mutant alleles was recommended to be investigated by identity of haplotypes. Significant characteristics of well described alleles in the reports were mentioned in this review for the benefit of future studies.Conclusion
According to the updates in the review, it can be concluded artemisinin resistance does not disseminate to India and African countries within short period whereas regular tracking of these mutants is necessary. 相似文献94.
Subthreshold and threshold attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in childhood: psychosocial outcomes in adolescence in boys and girls
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95.
Zubaidah Nor Hanipah Suriya Punchai Arthur McCullough Srinivasan Dasarathy Stacy A. Brethauer Ali Aminian Philip R. Schauer 《Obesity surgery》2018,28(11):3431-3438
Introduction
Studies on bariatric patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension are limited. The aim of this study was to review our experience in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension who had bariatric surgery.Method
All cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery, from 2007 to 2017, were retrospectively reviewed.Results
Thirteen patients were included; eight (62%) were female. The median age was 54 years (interquartile range, IQR 49–60) and median BMI was 48 kg/m2 (IQR 43–55). Portal hypertension was diagnosed based on endoscopy (n?=?5), imaging studies (n?=?3), intraoperative increased collateral circulation (n?=?2), and endoscopy and imaging studies (n?=?3). The bariatric procedures included sleeve gastrectomy (n?=?10, 77%) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n?=?3, 23%). The median length of hospital stay was 3 days (IQR 2–4). Three 30-day complications occurred including wound infection (n?=?1), intra-abdominal hematoma (n?=?1), and subcutaneous hematoma (n?=?1). No intraoperative or 30-day mortalities. There were 11 patients (85%) at 1-year follow-up and 9 patients (69%) at 2-year follow-up. At 2 years, the median percentage of excess weight loss (EWL) and total weight loss (TWL) were 49 and 25%, respectively. There was significant improvement in diabetes (100%), dyslipidemia (100%), and hypertension (50%) at 2 years after surgery.Conclusion
Bariatric surgery in selected cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension is relatively safe and effective.96.
Health education programmes to improve foot self‐care practices and foot problems among older people with diabetes: a systematic review
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97.
Agustine Nengsih FauziMohd. Nor Norazmi Nik Soriani Yaacob 《Food and chemical toxicology》2011,49(4):871-878
Honey is reported to contain various compounds such as phenols, vitamins and antioxidants. The present study investigates the anticancer potential of Tualang honey (Agromas) (TH) in human breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines; as well as in the normal breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10A. The cells were treated with increasing doses of TH (1-10%) for up to 72 h. Increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage from the cell membranes indicates that TH is cytotoxic to all three cancer cells with effective concentrations (EC50) of 2.4-2.8%. TH is however, not cytotoxic to the MCF-10A cells. Reactivity with annexin V fluorescence antibody and propidium iodide as analysed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy shows that apoptosis occurred in these cancer cells. TH also reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) in the cancer cell lines after 24 h of treatment. The activation of caspase-3/7 and -9 was observed in all TH-treated cancer cells indicating the involvement of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. This study shows that TH has significant anticancer activity against human breast and cervical cancer cell lines. 相似文献
98.
Kok Meng Chan Ruhana Hamzah Amira Abd Rahaman Vivien Yi Mian Jong Heng Yen Khong Nor Fadilah Rajab Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee Salmaan Hussain Inayat-Hussain 《Food and chemical toxicology》2012
Inophyllin A (INO-A), a pyranoxanthone isolated from the roots of Calophyllum inophyllum represents a new xanthone with potential chemotherapeutic activity. In this study, the molecular mechanism of INO-A-induced cell death was investigated in Jurkat T lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Assessment of phosphatidylserine exposure confirmed apoptosis as the primary mode of cell death in INO-A-treated Jurkat cells. INO-A treatment for only 30 min resulted in a significant increase of tail moment which suggests that DNA damage is an early apoptotic signal. Further flow cytometric assessment of the superoxide anion level confirmed that INO-A induced DNA damage was mediated with a concomitant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Investigation on the thiols revealed an early decrease of free thiols in 30 min after 50 μM INO-A treatment. Using tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester, a potentiometric dye, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MPP) was observed in INO-A-treated cells as early as 30 min. The INO-A-induced apoptosis progressed with the simultaneous activation of caspases-2 and -9 which then led to the processing of caspase-3. Taken together, these data demonstrate that INO-A induced early oxidative stress, DNA damage and loss of MMP which subsequently led to the activation of an intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in Jurkat cells. 相似文献
99.
Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof Norliza Ahmad Srijit Das Suhaniza Sulaiman Nor Azian Murad 《African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines》2009,6(1):87-93
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosco) is widely used in foods as a spice all around the world. It has been reported to have antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. We investigated the effect of ginger in ethionine induced rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: group 1 and 2 served as controls and they received normal rat chow and olive oil respectively. Group 3 was fed with ginger oleoresin dissolved in olive oil at 100 mg/kg body wt. Group 4 was fed with choline deficient diet and 0.1% ethionine in drinking water (CDE diet), and group 5 received ginger with CDE diet. Blood samples were taken from the orbital sinus at 0 and 8 weeks of experiment for the determination of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase and lipid peroxidation end product, malondialdehyde (MDA). Rats were also killed at 8 weeks for the observation of liver tumor formation. CDE diet induced the formation of liver nodules in rats and increased SOD activity. However, it had no effect on catalase, GPx and MDA levels when compared to both controls at 8 weeks of experiment. When CDE rats were treated with ginger, the formation of liver tumour, SOD activity and MDA level reduced, catalase activity was increased but no change was observed for GPx activity when compared to CDE group. In conclusion, ginger supplementation suppressed liver carcinogenesis by scavenging the free radical formation, and by reducing lipid peroxidation. 相似文献
100.