Traversing distance and proximity: the integration of psychodrama and dance movement therapy techniques in supervision

This article explores the potential for intermodal methods in person-centred supervision, focusing on the application of techniques from dance movement therapy (DMT) and psychodrama. The article proposes how specific structures combining psychodrama and DMT allow the supervisee to negotiate between proximity and distance, offering ways to hone in, step out or create alternative perspectives. Somatic congruence is introduced as a person-centred principle that enables the supervisor to understand and/or share somatic reactions in response to the supervisee’s material or the supervisor’s own personal process. Embodying roles and projective techniques are illustrated in the article through examples from the author’s supervisory DMT practice, demonstrating how these interventions may help symbolically crystallise supervisory issues. Caveats to these interventions and cautions to practitioners are presented, contributing to critical analyses of cross-disciplinary work. The article presents a constructive view towards future research and professional development on intermodal, creative supervisory practice.     

Determination of allelic deletion of multiple endocrine neoplasm type 1 (MEN1) gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by application of FISH-TSA technique

We have used the single and dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique combined with a new detection system, tyramide signal amplification (TSA), by using the multiple endocrine neoplasm type 1 (MEN1) gene and chromosome 11 specific alpha satellite DNA probes for the study of the allelic deletion of the MEN1 gene. The MEN1 gene is a new tumor suppressor gene and has been recently cloned on chromosome 11q13. FISH combined with the TSA detection system was performed on bone marrow interphase nuclei of 22 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The FISH-TSA analysis revealed the mono allelic deletion of the MEN1 gene in 4 out of 22 patients (18.18%), 2 of 9 AML-M2 patients (22.2%), 1 of 6 AML-M4 patients (16.6%), and 1 of 4 AML-M5 patients (25.0%). Our study indicates that allelic deletion of the MEN1 gene is not a major cause or a primary event in tumorigenesis of AML, although the long arm (q13 region) of chromosome 11 involves a chromosomal rearrangement in AML.     

Apelin/APJ expression in the heart and kidneys of hypertensive rats

Hypertension is an important health problem that is manifested by systemic arterial blood pressure being permanently elevated and leading to serious complications. Hypertension is the basis for coronary heart diseases, heart failure, kidney damage, cerebrovascular diseases. Due to ethical concerns, there is no detailed study of the mechanism, side effects and treatment of hypertension in humans. For this reason, specific studies related to the organ of hypertension are performed in experimental animals. The heart and kidney tissue, which are the most important organs that hypertension has damaged, have formed specific organs of our work.In our experimental study, a total of 35 (hypertensive group: 20, control group: 15) Rattus Norvegicus Wistar albino rats were used. In order to obtain our hypertension model, our experimental animals were given L-NAME together with drinking water for six weeks. After six weeks, the experimental procedures were terminated. Heart and kidney tissues of the hypertensive and control group were obtained. Expression of apelin and apelin receptor (APJ) was demonstrated by immunohistochemical and Western Blot protocols.Hypertrophic cardiac atrium of the hearts of the large cavities, interventricular septum and myocardium to the disintegration, as well as an increase in the diameter of the coronary artery has been observed. In general, kidney tissues of the hypertensive group showed narrowing in cortical renal structures and enlargement in structures in the renal medulla.As a result, in hypertensive cases, there was an increase in expression of Apelin and APJ receptor in heart tissue, and a decrease in expression of Apelin and APJ receptor in kidney tissue. We think that our findings may contribute to experimental or clinical studies related to hypertension and apelin.     

Effects of Forward Model Errors on EEG Source Localization

Subject-specific four-layer boundary element method (BEM) electrical forward head models for four participants, generated from magnetic resonance (MR) head images using NFT (www.sccn.ucsd.edu/wiki/NFT), were used to simulate electroencephalographic (EEG) scalp potentials at 256 recorded electrode positions produced by single current dipoles of a 3-D grid in brain space. Locations of these dipoles were then estimated using gradient descent within five template head models fit to the electrode positions. These were: a spherical model, three-layer and four-layer BEM head models based on the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) template head image, and these BEM models warped to the recorded electrode positions. Smallest localization errors (4.1–6.2 mm, medians) were obtained using the electrode-position warped four-layer BEM models, with largest localization errors (~20 mm) for most basal brain locations. When we increased the brain-to-skull conductivity ratio assumed in the template model scalp projections from the simulated value (25:1) to a higher value (80:1) used in earlier studies, the estimated dipole locations moved outwards (12.4 mm, median). We also investigated the effects of errors in co-registering the electrode positions, of reducing electrode counts, and of adding a fifth, isotropic white matter layer to one individual head model. Results show that when individual subject MR head images are not available to construct subject-specific head models, accurate EEG source localization should employ a four- or five-layer BEM template head model incorporating an accurate skull conductivity estimate and warped to 64 or more accurately 3-D measured and co-registered electrode positions.     

Typhoid fever due to a Salmonella typhi strain of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones

Objective: To report a case of typhoid fever contracted in Portugal in 1994 due to a Salmonella typhi isolate which had reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolone (MIC 1 mg/L of ciprofloxacin) and high level resistance to nalidixic acid (MIC ≥56 mg/L).
Methods: Molecular studies of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones comprised complementation tests with a wild-type allele and sequencing directly from PCR products of the gyrA gene.
Results: Complementation tests and DNA sequencing showed that a mutation occurred in the gyrA gene of this clinical isolate, resulting in a substitution of phenylalanine for serine at position 83 of GyrA.
Conclusions: Because quinolones may be regarded as a treatment of choice in typhoid fever, it seems important now to recommend cautious use of these drugs as first-line therapy and possibly use of nalidixic acid resistance as a marker for detection of 'first-step' resistance to fluoroquinolones in S. typhi.     

Study of the efficacy and tolerance of co-trimazine given once or twice daily in urinary tract infections

Summary Forty-one patients with either complicated or uncomplicated urinary tract infections were treated with co-trimazine tablets (410 mg sulphadiazine, 90 mg trimethoprim). Ten were given one tablet once daily, ten were given two tablets once daily and 21 were given one tablet twice daily. 88% were cured. The results were independent of the dosage interval, but depended on the type of infection. Eight patients suffered a reinfection. Two of the sevenE. coli strains isolated were resistant to sulphadiazine and one was resistant to sulphadiazine and trimethoprim. TwoCitrobacter freundii strains were resistant to sulphadiazine and trimethoprim. There was a relapse in five cases in which all isolates were sensitive to sulphadiazine and trimethoprim. There were no subjective side-effects. Eosinophilia was observed in two patients and transitory leucopenia in another two. One case of eosinophilia and one case of transitory leucopenia could possibly be related to the medication.

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Untersuchung zur Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Co-trimazin bei Harnwegsinfektionen in ein- oder zweimal täglicher Verabreichung

Zusammenfassung Einundvierzig Patienten mit sowohl unkomplizierten als auch komplizierten Harnwegsinfektionen wurden mit Co-trimazin Tabletten (410 mg Sulphadiazin, 90 mg Trimethoprim) behandelt, und zwar zehn mit einer, zehn mit zwei Tabletten einmal täglich und 21 mit einer Tablette zweimal täglich. Die Heilungsrate betrug insgesamt 88%. Das Ergebnis war unabhängig vom Dosierungsintervall, hing aber von der Art der Infektion ab. Bei acht Patienten kam es zur Reinfektion, zwei der sieben isoliertenE. coli Stämme waren resistent gegen Sulphadiazin, einer resistent gegen Sulphadiazin und Trimethoprim. ZweiCitrobacter freundii Stämme waren resistent gegen Sulphadiazin und Trimethoprim. Bei fünf Fällen trat ein Rezidiv mit demselben Stamm auf, alle Isolate waren gegenüber Sulphadiazin und Trimethoprim empfindlich. Subjektive Nebenwirkungen traten nicht auf; in je zwei Fällen wurde eine Eosinophilie und eine passagere Leukopenie beobachtet, von denen je eine mit der Medikation in Zusammenhang stehen könnte.

     

Periodontal status of ectopic canines after orthodontic treatment

Objective: To evaluate the periodontal health and tooth vitality of palatally impacted and buccal ectopic maxillary canines after completion of orthodontic treatment.Materials and Methods:Fifteen patients who had unilateral, palatally impacted canines and 15 patients who had unilateral, buccal ectopic canines comprised the subjects of the study. Clinical and radiographic data was collected by recalling the patients in both groups after a mean period of 3.82 ± 1.54 years following completion of their orthodontic treatment. In both groups, the contralateral, normally placed canines served as controls.Results:Palatally impacted canines had greater pocket depths, higher gingival levels, higher electric pulp testing scores, and reduced bone levels compared to their contralaterals. Buccal ectopic canines had increased plaque and gingival bleeding index, greater pocket depths, reduced attached gingival width, higher gingival levels, increased clinical crown lengths, and higher electric pulp testing scores compared to their contralaterals. Buccal ectopic canines had lower electric pulp testing scores and higher bone levels compared to palatally impacted canines.Conclusion:All ectopic canines had increased plaque and gingival bleeding index, greater pocket depths, reduced attached gingival width, higher gingival levels, increased crown lengths, higher electric pulp testing scores, and reduced bone levels compared to their contralaterals.     

Use of <Superscript>123</Superscript>I-MIBG scintigraphy to assess the impact of carvedilol on cardiac adrenergic neuronal function in childhood dilated cardiomyopathy

Iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy is a useful tool for the assessment of cardiac adrenergic neuronal function, which is impaired in children with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). In adults with DCM, long-term treatment with carvedilol improves both cardiac adrenergic neuronal function and left ventricular function. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the impact of carvedilol on cardiac adrenergic neuronal function using ¹²³I-MIBG scintigraphy and on left ventricular function using equilibrium radionuclide angiography in children with DCM. Seventeen patients (11 female, six male; mean age 39±57 months, range 1–168 months) with DCM and left ventricular dysfunction underwent ¹²³I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy and equilibrium radionuclide angiography before and after a 6-month period of carvedilol therapy. A static anterior view of the chest was acquired 4 h after intravenous injection of 20–75 MBq of ¹²³I-MIBG. Cardiac neuronal uptake of ¹²³I-MIBG was measured using the heart to mediastinum count ratio (HMR). Radionuclide left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was assessed following a standard protocol. MIBG cardiac uptake and left ventricular function respectively increased by 38% and 65% after 6 months of treatment with carvedilol (HMR=223%±49% vs 162%±26%, P<0.0001, and LVEF=43%±17% vs 26%±11%, P<0.0001). Carvedilol can improve cardiac adrenergic neuronal and left ventricular function in children with dilated cardiomyopathy. Further studies are needed to assess the relationship between improvement in MIBG cardiac uptake and the beneficial effects of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality.     

Aorto-right ventricular shunt and associated aortic valve injury resulting from a penetrating wound of the heart

A case of a traumatic aorto-right ventricular fistula associated with an aortic valve injury and subsequent successful treatment is reported. A possible delay in diagnosis necessitates follow-up of patients after penetrating thoracic wounds. Early surgical treatment is mandatory because of the risks of both heart failure and endocarditis and because of the low operative morbidity. An aortic approach appears to be preferable because it permits repair of both the fistula and the valvular injury. Reconstruction of valvular injuries is preferable since long-term competence without prosthetic replacement can be achieved.     

Subvalvular aortic stenosis in adults. Apropos of 31 cases

The aim of this cooperative study was to analyse the clinical profile of subvalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) in adults. Thirty one cases were collected : patients aged 17 to 60 years (average 34 years). The diagnosis was confirmed in all patients either at surgery (30 cases) or at autopsy (1 case). The overall incidence of SVAS in patients with fixed obstruction to left ventricular ejection operated in the same period was 3.5%. Associated congenital malformations were detected in 15% of cases but intracardiac shunts were rare. Adult SVAS is a purer malformation than in children, probably because of spontaneous and surgical selection. The anatomical type of stenosing lesion in this series was a subaortic ring or membrane; 45% of patients, usually over 40 years of age (7 out of 9) had localised septal hypertrophy at the level of the diaphragmatic obstruction. The clinical presentation was that of mixed aortic disease with associated stenosis and regurgitation. Over 80% of patients had aortic incompetence diagnosed clinically (26 out of 31 cases) or on aortography (24 out of 25 cases); the regurgitant flow was assessed as mild in 15 cases, moderate in 6 cases and severe in 3 cases. There were obvious valvular lesions at surgery in 19 cases, especially in patients over 40 years of age (8 out of 9 cases). The mechanism was variable : non-specific (8 cases), destructive (6 cases), rheumatic (2 cases) or congenital (3 cases). Bacterial endocarditis was particularly common (26% of cases). Adult SVAS is a particularly difficult clinical diagnosis : the electrocardiogram and chest X-ray are not very informative.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)