Loss of Fhit expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its potential clinical implication.

PURPOSE: Abnormalities of FHIT, a candidate tumor suppressor gene, have frequently been found in multiple malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). To define its role in HNSCC treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT), the Fhit protein expression status was investigated in 80 patients enrolled in a prospective Phase III clinical trial addressing the dose and fractionation regimen of PORT. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Immunohistochemical staining of HNSCC tissue sections for Fhit expression was performed. The Fhit expression status was correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics and clinical course. The median follow-up duration was 4.9 years. RESULTS: Loss of Fhit expression was found in 52 of the 80 study patients (65%). There was not a significant association between Fhit expression and clinical characteristics. Patients whose tumor exhibited negative Fhit expression had a significantly worse 5-year overall survival duration [hazard ratio = 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-1.03; P = 0.05 (log-rank test)] than did those whose tumor exhibited positive Fhit expression. One third of the patients with a Fhit-negative tumor had distant metastasis during the follow-up period. Paradoxically, patients classified as high risk who had a Fhit-negative tumor experienced locoregional recurrence less often (18%) than did high-risk patients who had a Fhit-positive tumor (33%). CONCLUSIONS: Loss of Fhit expression is a poor prognostic indicator in patients with HNSCC. However, tumors lacking Fhit expression may be more sensitive to PORT and therefore more susceptible to locoregional control.     

阻断致瘤病毒复制的抗肿瘤药物筛选策略

许多病毒与人类恶性肿瘤的发生有关，阻断病毒与靶细胞的结合和融合、干扰病毒的复制和表达，抑制与病毒复制有关的酶等多个环节，将为抗肿瘤药物的筛选提供相关策略。     

Respiratory syncytial virus genotypes and disease severity among children in hospital

OBJECTIVES: To determine the spectrum of N and G genotypes of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causing respiratory tract infection and whether particular genotypes are associated with severity of infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were obtained from 114 infants with acute respiratory tract infection due to RSV over two seasons. Viral mRNA was extracted from NPAs or cultured virus, reverse transcribed, and the cDNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using primers directed to parts of the N and G gene respectively. Amplicons were separately digested with four different restriction endonucleases for each gene. The fragments were separated by agarose gel, electrophoresis, and the electrophoretic patterns used to assign the various genotypes. Disease severity was assessed as very mild (upper respiratory tract signs only), mild (coryza and signs of lower respiratory tract infection), moderate (requiring nasogastric or intravenous fluids), and severe (requiring oxygen or ventilation). RESULTS: Five of the six known N genotypes were detected, but NP4 and NP2 were found most frequently. There was no association between N genotype and disease severity. Six G (SHL) genotypes were detected. Significantly (p = 0.04) more of the infants infected with the SHL2 genotype had severe or moderate disease. CONCLUSIONS: During the seasonal peaks of RSV respiratory tract infection at least 10 different RSV genotypes cocirculated. While there is no association between N genotypes and disease severity, infection with the SHL2 G genotype appears to result in moderate to severe disease.     

关白附新工艺最佳技术参数优选

通过对关白附不同炮制品有效成分总生物碱、关附甲素及有毒成分次乌头碱含量测定,急性毒性实验,结合药典对关白附炮制品的法定标准要求(饮片表面特征、断面色泽、气味)及饮片收得率等指标考查,确定关白附新工艺技术参数为清蒸4小时为佳。     

人骨髓中自然抑制细胞对肿瘤细胞体外增殖的抑制作用

自然抑制(NS)活性是一类尚未完全定性的细胞所具有的对多种免疫反应的非特异抑制作用.NS细胞表面不存在成熟B细胞、T细胞及巨噬细胞的表面标记,为此,我们研究了NS细胞和造血干细胞(HSC)间的关系,结果证明,NS细胞是处于增殖周期中的HSC,并证明小鼠NS细胞具有抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用.本实验中,我们研究人骨髓中NS细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性,并确定其作用模式和生物学特性.     

槲皮素等中药成分对蛋白非酶糖化的体外抑制研究

目的:从部分中药成分中筛选新的非酶糖化(NEG)抑制荆,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法:通过建立体外牛血清白蛋白 NEG 系统以模拟糖尿病的体内环境,测定16种中药成分在不同浓度梯度(1×10~(-1)～1×10~(-7)mg/ml)下对糖化终末产物(AGEs 的荧光抑制率及半效抑制浓度(IC_(50)),并与公认的 NEG 抑制剂——氨基胍(AG)作比较。结果:槲皮素、芦丁、羟乙基芦丁、黄芩甙元、黄芩甙、水飞蓟素等具有明显的 NEG 抑制作用,其 IC_(50)分别为0.86mg/L、1.16mg/L、1.64mg/L、2.36mg/L、4.71mg/L 与1.75mg/L,相应的 AG 为0.38mg/L;部分补中益气类中药,其皂甙也有一定的 NEG 抑制作用,但较 AG 弱。结论:槲皮素等6种黄酮类中药在抑制体外蛋白 NEG 作用方面与 AG 相近,但机制可能与 AG 不同。某些抗衰老药物的作用机制可能与抑制蛋白 AGEs 形成有关。