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21.
Influence of co-culture with established human endometrial epithelial and stromal cell lines on sperm movement characteristics 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effects of co-culture of human spermatozoa with human immortalized
endometrial cells - epithelial or stromal - on sperm movement
characteristics, including hyperactivation, were studied using computer-
assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Epithelial and stromal cell types could be
separated following 8-10 days of culture of endometrial cells originating
from human biopsies. Both cell types were immortalized by the SV 40 large T
antigen. Co-incubation of sperm with epithelial and stromal monolayers
enhanced the rate of hyperactivation: 24.9% (P <0.05) and 17.8% (P =
0.05) versus 9.5% as control, respectively, whereas the majority of
motility parameters remained unchanged. Conditioned media had no effect
upon sperm parameters, including hyperactivation. Co-incubation with either
monolayer was able to maintain sperm motility over a longer period than
incubation in control medium alone. In four patients whose spermatozoa did
not exhibit hyperactivation, co-incubation with epithelial cells, but not
conditioned medium, allowed normal rates of hyperactivation (range: 6.9-
15.6%).
相似文献
22.
23.
Telfer JF; Thomson AJ; Cameron IT; Greer IA; Norman JE 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(10):2306-2312
Superoxide, an agent which attenuates the half-life of nitric oxide, is
metabolized and synthesized by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine
oxidase, respectively. Over the last few years much work has focused on the
role of nitric oxide in human parturition. The aim of this study was to
determine whether the onset of human parturition is associated with a
change in the expression of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD),
manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) or xanthine oxidase within the
uterus. Samples of myometrium, placenta, decidua and fetal membranes were
obtained from women before and after the onset of labour at term.
Immunocytochemistry was used to localize Cu/Zn SOD, Mn SOD and xanthine
oxidase and measure SOD enzyme activity. Cu/Zn and Mn SOD-like
immunoreactivity was detected in syncytiotrophoblast cells, villous stromal
cells and endothelial cells of blood vessels in the placenta. In the
myometrium Cu/Zn and Mn SOD were localized to myocytes and endothelial
cells and to some vascular smooth muscle cells. In the fetal membranes we
observed staining for Cu/Zn SOD and Mn SOD in the amnion, chorion,
extravillous trophoblast and decidua. There was no difference in SOD enzyme
activity or staining intensity for SOD between different cell types before
and during labour. Xanthine oxidase immunoreactivity was identified in each
of the tissues examined and again there was no difference in immunostaining
in tissues obtained from women delivered before or after the onset of
labour. These results show that the pregnant uterus is capable of both
synthesizing and degrading superoxide and suggest that superoxide dismutase
and xanthine oxidase may play a role in the maintenance of uterine
quiescence during pregnancy, but not in the initiation of parturition.
相似文献
24.
Enhancement of motility by treating spermatozoa with an antioxidant solution (Sperm-Fit) following ejaculation 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Parinaud J; Le Lannou D; Vieitez G; Griveau JF; Milhet P; Richoilley G 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(11):2434-2436
Oxygen radical generation is known to be detrimental to sperm function,
especially motility, through the lipid peroxidation of the membranes.
Generation of reactive oxygen species can be induced by leukocyte
contamination, sperm centrifugation and the presence of abnormal
spermatozoa with excess residual cytoplasm. This study aims to evaluate the
effect on sperm motility of incubation in an antioxidant-containing
solution, during liquefaction and centrifugation. Thirty semen samples were
each divided into two equal parts: one mixed with Tyrode's solution, the
other with a salt solution containing antioxidants (Sperm- Fit; Ellios
Bio-Media, Paris, France). All the procedures were identical in the two
groups. The ratio of leukocytes to spermatozoa was significantly correlated
with the motility after liquefaction and after a 24 h incubation in routine
in-vitro fertilization (IVF) medium and with the number of motile
spermatozoa recovered after Percoll preparation. Moreover, when this ratio
was > or = 0.2, all motility parameters were lowered. Incubation with
Sperm-Fit allowed a higher percentage of motility after Percoll preparation
when the ratio was > or = 0.2 (48 +/- 5% versus 41 +/- 6% for Sperm-Fit
and Tyrode's solution respectively; P < 0.05) and a greater number of
motile spermatozoa recovered after Percoll preparation, whatever the ratio
(3.2 +/- 1.0 x 10(6) versus 2.4 +/- 0.7 x 10(6) for Sperm-Fit and Tyrode's
solution respectively when ratio > or = 0.2; 18.1 +/- 3.4 x 10(6) versus
14.4 +/- 2.9 x 10(6) for Sperm-Fit and Tyrode's solution respectively when
ratio < 0.2; P < 0.05). These results show that incubation with
antioxidants during liquefaction and centrifugation increases recovery of
motile spermatozoa.
相似文献
25.
Priscilla M. Clarkson Paul Litchfield James Graves John Kirwan William C. Byrnes 《European journal of applied physiology》1985,53(4):368-371
Summary The purpose of this study was to 1) compare serum creatine kinase (CK) activity following two forearm flexion isometric exercise regimens differing in work to rest ratio, and 2) examine the CK response to a repeated bout of isometric exercise. Eleven males were tested on two sessions (bouts) spaced 1 week apart. For bout 1, five subjects (group A) performed a forearm flexion isometric exercise consisting of 40 10-s maximal contractions with 20-s inter-trial rests (1020), while six (group B) performed 40 maximal 10-s contractions with 5-s inter-trial rests (105). The increase in serum CK activity following the 1020 exercise (143%) was significantly greater than that following the 105 exercise (52%). The 1020 exercise was also associated with greater tension generation over trials. One week later, both groups performed a bout of 1020 exercise. A substantial reduction in the serum CK response was found following this second bout. The data suggest that for bout 1 the isometric exercise associated with the greater overall tension levels resulted in the greater CK response. However, when the 1020 exercise was repeated 1 week later, a substantial reduction in the CK response was found which was unrelated to the tension generated.This study was supported by a University Faculty Research Grant No. 2-03021 相似文献
26.
Based on the dissection of 30 hemi-mandibles, the authors report a study of the inferior alveolar artery in its intraosseous course. On morphologic considerations they propose a classification of the collaterals into two groups: the principal collaterals destined for the teeth and the bony alveolar tissue and the secondary collaterals destined for the sheath and the nerve as well as the bony tissue around the canal. Loss of the teeth and absorption of the alveolar bone modify the caliber of the inferior alveolar arterial axis, the distribution of its collaterals and possibly its mode of termination. These facts suggest a consideration of the vascularization of the mandible in terms of four sectors. They arrive at practical conclusions that may be drawn from this study in stomatology. 相似文献
27.
Roger A. Fielding David L. Costill William J. Fink Douglas S. King John E. Kovaleski John P. Kirwan 《European journal of applied physiology》1987,56(2):225-229
Summary The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of pre-exercise glucose and fructose feedings on muscle glycogen utilization during exercise in six well-trained runners (
=68.2±3.4 ml·kg–1·min–1). On three separate occasions, the runners performed a 30 min treadmill run at 70%
. Thirty minutes prior to exercise each runner ingested 75 g of glucose (trial G), 75 g of fructose (trial F) or 150 ml of a sweetened placebo (trial C). During exercise, no differences were observed between any of the trials for oxygen uptake, heart rate or perceived exertion. Serum glucose levels were elevated as a result of the glucose feeding (P<0.05) reaching peak levels at 30 min post-feeding (7.90±0.24 mmol·l–1). With the onset of exercise, glucose levels dropped to a low of 5.89±0.85 mmol·l–1 at 15 min of exercise in trial G. Serum glucose levels in trials F and C averaged 6.21±0.31 mmol·l–1 and 5.95±0.23 mmol·l–1 respectively, and were not significantly different (P<0.05). There were also no differences in serum glucose levels between any of the trials at 15 and 30 min of exercise. Muscle glycogen utilization in the first 15 min of exercise was similar in trial C (18.8±8.3 mmol·kg–1), trial F (16.3±3.8 mmol·kg–1) and trial G (17.0±1.8 mmol·kg–1), and total glycogen use was also similar in trial C (25.6±7.9 mmol·kg–1), trial F (35.4±5.7 mmol·kg–1) and trial G (24.6±3.2 mmol·kg–1). In contrast to previous research, these results suggest that pre-exercise feedings of fructose or glucose do not affect the rate of muscle glycogen utilization during 30 min of treadmill running in trained runners. 相似文献
28.
Detecting pre-ovulatory luteinizing hormone surges in urine 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Kesner JS; Knecht EA; Krieg EF Jr; Wilcox AJ; O'Connor JF 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(1):15-21
The study objectives were to determine (i) if pre-ovulatory luteinizing
hormone (LH) surges, undetected in urine by two immunoradiometric assays
(IRMA), were detectable by an ultrasensitive immunofluorometric assay
(IFMA) and (ii) the influence of creatinine adjustment on the detection and
timing of the urinary LH surges. Daily urine specimens were contributed by
healthy 25-36 year old volunteers during 14 ovulatory menstrual cycles for
an epidemiological study conducted in 1983-1985. Specimens were selected as
having been previously assayed by two IRMA without consistently detecting
LH surges. These urine specimens were remeasured using an IFMA and adjusted
for creatinine concentration. IFMA measurements revealed unambiguous LH
surges in all cycles. Adjusting IRMA urinary LH values for creatinine
concentrations revealed previously undetected LH surges in four of eight
cycles. Creatinine adjustment also altered the timing of IRMA and IFMA LH
surges by 1-5 days. These results demonstrate an IFMA that detects pre-
ovulatory LH surges in unpreserved, frozen urine from cycles where such
surges were previously undetectable. Further, creatinine adjustment can
markedly affect detection and timing of the onset and peak of the urinary
LH surge. While our analysis suggests that this adjustment improves the
validity of the LH measure, this requires further investigation.
相似文献
29.
Analysis of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) gene in Japanese patients with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nakae J; Tajima T; Sugawara T; Arakane F; Hanaki K; Hotsubo T; Igarashi N; Igarashi Y; Ishii T; Koda N; Kondo T; Kohno H; Nakagawa Y; Tachibana K; Takeshima Y; Tsubouchi K; Strauss JF rd; Fujieda K 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(4):571-576
Genomic DNA from 19 Japanese patients with congenital lipoid adrenal
hyperplasia (lipoid CAH) representing 16 different families was examined to
identify the genetic alterations of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
(StAR). Ten of 19 patients had a 46,XX karyotype and nine had a 46,XY
karyotype. Six of the 46,XX patients have experienced spontaneous pubertal
changes including breast development and irregular menstruation whereas
none of the 46,XY subjects displayed pubertal changes. Eight different
mutations were identified. Sixteen patients were either homozygotes or
compound heterozygotes for the Q258X mutation. The seven other mutations
identified were 189delG, 246insG, 564del13bp, 838delA, Q212X, A218V and
M225T. The 189delG, 246insG, 546del13bp and Q212X mutants encode truncated
proteins. COS-1 cells transfected with expression vectors encoding cDNAs
for the mutant StAR proteins which affect the C-terminus, 838delA, A218V
and Q258X, exhibited no steroidogenesis enhancing activity. However, the
M225T mutant retained some steroidogenic activity. The patient with the
M225T mutation had late onset of this disorder and some capacity to secrete
testosterone in response to hCG. These findings suggest: (i) that the Q258X
mutation can be used as a genetic marker for the screening of Japanese for
lipoid CAH, (ii) that the C-terminus of StAR plays an important role in the
protein's activity and (iii) that there are differences in the extent of
functional impairment of the testis and ovaries in lipoid CAH.
相似文献
30.
Mercan R; Mayer JF; Walker D; Jones S; Oehninger S; Toner JP; Muasher SJ 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(9):1886-1889
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of pure follicle
stimulating hormone (FSH) with that of FSH/human menopausal gonadotrophin
(HMG) combination in downregulated cycles. A total of 357 patients was
evaluated retrospectively. Sixty percent of patients in the FSH group and
55% in the FSH/HMG group were new; the others were repeat patients.
Ovulation was suppressed with leuprolide acetate in all patients, followed
by either FSH (n = 218) or FSH/HMG (n = 119). There was no difference in
patients' age, infertility factors, number of ampoules used, length of
stimulation, oestradiol levels on day of human chorionic gonadotrophin
(HCG) administration, number of oocytes recovered or the number of embryos
transferred. Also, nuclear maturity at aspiration and fertilization rates
were not different between the two groups. FSH stimulation resulted in a
significantly higher percentage of mature oocytes that showed the typical
'mature' morphological characteristics (P < 0.0001). The clinical
pregnancy rates per transfer were 40 and 28% in patients stimulated with
pure FSH and FSH/HMG respectively (P < 0.05). The significantly higher
number of immature oocytes matured in vitro in the FSH/HMG group (P =
0.001) suggests a possible effect on in-vitro maturation, due to
luteinizing hormone present in HMG. The difference in mature oocyte quality
may be an important determinant in the higher pregnancy rates for the FSH-
stimulated patients.
相似文献