The value of respective urodynamic parameters for evaluating the occurrence of complications linked to benign prostatic enlargement

Purpose

To assess the correlation between urodynamic parameters and urinary tract complications linked to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE), as well to assess the possible value of these parameters for predicting complications.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the relationship between the complications and correlative urodynamic data of 486 BPH patients. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression was used to identify major independent predictors and establish regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the models’ predictive values.

Results

All of the individual parameters examined significantly correlated with most of the complications linked to BPE, except bladder calculus. According to ROC analysis, all of the areas under ROC curves (AUC), comparison of the individual parameters and the combined effects from the logistical regression models reached statistical significance (p < 0.05), and combining the parameters revealed a higher AUC compared to the individual parameters; however, all of the AUCs were below 0.9.

Conclusions

Urodynamic parameters are significantly correlated with most of the complications linked to BPE, and these parameters have predictive value for the occurrence of these complications with limited values.     

An acute abdominal syndrome reveals a postoperative ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula: about one case

Introduction

Postoperative ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula is an unusual but known complication after lumbar surgery.

Case report

We report the case of a 74-year-old patient consulted at the emergency department for intense acute abdominal syndrome revealing a post-operative common ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula 5 years after a lumbosacral arthrodesis L3–S1. The patient was treated with an endovascular arterial stent-graft with immediate vascular and clinical results.

Conclusion

Arteriovenous fistula is a possible etiology of acute abdominal syndrome in patients with lumbar or abdominopelvic surgery history.

     

Hilus pulmonis as the center of gravity for AS thoracolumbar kyphosis

Introduction

The sagittal vertical axis (SVA) is a meaningful measurement and widely used for evaluating sagittal balance, and is considered a design standard for surgery, including most ankylosing spondylitis (AS) kyphotic deformity planning. However, recent research indicates that the C7 plumb line is actually not the center of gravity (CG) line. Therefore, whether there is a better radiological marker as the CG of the trunk for AS thoracolumbar kyphosis remains unknown. This research is to investigate a radiological marker for the CG of the trunk in lateral radiographs for AS thoracolumbar kyphosis.

Materials and methods

The center of gravity of an irregular object can be obtained by hanging or supporting it in different points and directions, and the CG will be on the point of intersection. According to this principle of mechanics, we could use the pre- and post-operative hip axis vertical lines to locate the CG of the trunk. We evaluated 38 AS-fixed thoracolumbar kyphotic patients with pedicle subtraction osteotomies. Full-length, free-standing lateral radiographs, including the spine and pelvis, were available for all patients. Pre- and post-operative radiological parameters were measured, including SVA, horizontal distance between hip axis and C7 (HDHC), horizontal distance between hip axis and T5 (HDHT5), horizontal distance between hip axis and T9 (HDHT9), and horizontal distance between hip axis and hilus pulmonis (HDHH). Pre- and post-operative radiological parameter changes were compared by paired samples t tests. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine the intra- and interobserver reliabilities of HDHH.

Results

Pre-operative SVA, HDHC, HDHT5, HDHT9, and HDHH values were, respectively, 21.1, 12.7, 3.5, ?3.8, and 2.7 cm, and their post-operative values were, respectively, 9.1, 4.2, ?2.1, ?5.6, and 0.9 cm. Changes in SVA, HDHC, HDHT5, and HDHT9 were significant (p < 0.05), while the change in HDHH was not (p > 0.05). The ICC for overall interobserver reliability was 0.958 (p < 0.001), and it was 0.963 (p < 0.001) for overall intraobserver reliability.

Conclusion

The hilus pulmonis fell approximately on the hip axis both pre- and post-operatively. It was a better marker as the center of gravity of the trunk for deformity planning for AS thoracolumbar kyphosis.     

颅内节细胞胶质瘤所致癫痫的手术预后相关因素分析

目的探讨颅内节细胞胶质瘤（GG）所致癫痫患者的手术预后相关因素。方法回顾性分析我院2008年4月至2012年12月收治的5l例GG所致癫痫患者的临床资料。结果51例患者中68．6％（35／51）为药物难治性癫痫,72．5％（37／51）的患者肿瘤位于颞叶;70．6％（36／51）行肿瘤全切,29．4％（15／51）行次全切除。74．5％（38／51）患者合并局灶性皮质发育不良（FCD）。随访1。5年,84．3％（43／51）的患者癫痫达到EngelI级。肿瘤全切患者的癫痫缓解（EngelI级）率为94．4％（34／36）,次全切的缓解率为60．0％,二者差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论GG通常为低级别肿瘤,手术全切除患者癫痫控制率较高;GG常合并FCD,为了取得更好的癫痫控制率,手术不仅要切除GG,也应将周围FCD切除。     

皮肤吻合器在神经外科手术中的应用

目的探讨皮肤吻合器在神经外科手术切口缝合中的应用效果。方法我科自2010年9月至2014年1月对120例神经外科手术切口采用不同方法进行皮肤缝合,根据缝合方法分为吻合器组和传统组,各60例;吻合器组采用一次性皮肤吻合器缝合切口,传统组采用传统丝线缝合切口。观察记录两组手术缝合速度、术后脑脊液切口漏发生率、切口感染发生率、切口缘皮肤坏死发生率。结果吻合器组缝合速度为（9.5±0.7）cm/min,术后脑脊液切口漏发生率为1.7%（/60）,无切口感染及切口缘皮肤坏死病例;传统组缝合速度为（3.4±0.3）cm/min,术后脑脊液切口漏发生率为10%（6/60）,切口感染发生率为3.3%（2/60）,切口缘皮肤坏死发生率为13.3%（8/60）;两组切口吻合速度及术后切口缘皮肤坏死发生率均差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论对于神经外科手术切口,皮肤吻合器缝合皮肤切口较传统丝线缝合有明显的优势。     

Health-related quality of life and prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease: a 3-year follow-up study

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global problem and is also associated with a decreased health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study was to evaluate measured HRQOL based on the new CKD classification including proteinuria stage, and the effect of measured HRQOL on CKD progression and clinical outcomes over a 3-year period.

Methods

EuroQol (EQ-5D), a generic preference-based questionnaire, was administered to 537 CKD outpatients at the University of Tsukuba Hospital between November and December 2008. We evaluated disease progression in CKD patients including the incidence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality over a 3-year follow-up period.

Results

The proportions progressing to the higher stages were 32.6, 20.0, 36.6, 39.5, and 45.8 % from glomerular filtration rate (GFR) stages (G) 1–4, respectively. The proportion progressing to ESKD (G5D) was 0.7 % from G2, 3.9 % from G3b, 20.8 % from G4 and 63.4 % from G5. The incidence of CVD and/or death was 1.2, 4.6, 4.9, 5.3, 8.3 and 21.1 % from G1?G5, respectively. The quality-adjustment weights at G4–5 were significantly lower than at G1–2 and the weights at proteinuria stage (A) 3 were significantly lower than at A1–2. The quality-adjustment weights of patients with events such as 50 % estimated GFR decline, dialysis, CVD, and/or death were significantly lower than those without events.

Conclusion

We showed CKD progression and clinical outcomes over a 3-year period. Quality-adjustment weights in CKD patients were associated with not only disease progression such as initiation of dialysis treatment and incidence of CVD events and all-cause death, but also the level of proteinuria at baseline.     

Dynesys动态内固定与融合术治疗腰椎退变疾病的对比研究

目的 比较Dynesys动态内固定与腰椎后路椎间融合术（posterior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF）治疗腰椎退变疾病的临床疗效和影像学结果.方法回顾分析2008年7月-2011年3月采用Dynesys 动态固定治疗且随访时间＞2年的腰椎退变患者46例（Dynesys组）,以同期行PLIF的50例患者作为对照（PLIF组）.记录2组手术前后Oswestry 功能障碍指数（Oswestry disability index,ODI）和疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS） 评分,摄腰椎正侧位和前屈后伸位X线片,测量手术节段椎间高度、活动度（range of motion,ROM）以及近侧邻近节段的椎间ROM,评估2组影像学和症状学邻近节段退变的发生情况.结果 2组患者术前资料差异无统计学意义,末次随访时的ODI及VAS评分均较术前明显改善（P＜0.05）,组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.末次随访时Dynesys组手术节段椎间高度较术前轻度升高（P＞0.05）,而PLIF组显著升高（P＜0.05）且大于Dynesys组,组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.Dynesys组手术节段ROM由术前的7.1°降至末次随访时的4.9°（P＜0.05）,而PLIF组手术节段ROM由术前的7.3°降至末次随访时的0°（P＜0.05）.2组近侧邻近节段椎间高度变化差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,ROM在末次随访时均较术前有所增加（P＜0.05）,且PLIF组大于Dynesys组（P＜0.05）.Dynesys组有6例患者出现影像学邻近节段退变,PLIF组患者有15例出现影像学邻近节段退变,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,仅PLIF组有1例出现症状学邻近节段退变,行二次手术治疗.结论 Dynesys动态内固定与融合术均获得良好临床疗效.与融合术相比,Dynesys动态内固定能够保留手术节段部分ROM,邻近节段椎间ROM的增幅及邻近节段退变发生数均较低.     

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者术前肺功能影响因素分析及临床意义

目的 分析影响青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者术前肺功能的相关影像学参数及其临床意义.方法 回顾性研究2009年7月～2012年8月本院收治的青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者24例,术前肺功能检查、胸部CT扫描资料完整.分析肺功能结果与站立位全长X线片Cobb角、顶椎偏移、椎体旋转分度（Nash/Moe法）、顶椎肋椎角差值、矢状位T5-12后凸角和胸段累及椎体数目之间相关性.结果 患者年龄平均14.8岁,Cobb角平均52.8°;主弯Cobb角与术前肺活量占预计值百分比、第1秒最大呼气容积占预计值百分比、用力肺活量占预计值百分比、最大通气量占预计值百分比、肺总量占预计值百分比、一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比和一氧化碳弥散量呈负相关;顶椎偏移与肺总量占预计值百分比、一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比及一氧化碳弥散量呈明显负相关;站立位顶椎凸凹侧肋椎角差值分别与肺总量占预计值百分比、肺总量、一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比和一氧化碳弥散量呈负相关;Bending位顶椎凸凹侧肋椎角差值与肺总量、一氧化碳弥散量呈负相关;胸段累及椎体数≥7个组患者50％肺活量时最大呼气流量、75％肺活量时最大呼气流量、最大用力呼气中段流速占预计值百分比、最大通气量占预计值百分比及一氧化碳弥散量占预计值百分比数值,比胸段累及椎体数＜7个组患者有减少（P＜0.05）.结论 术前站立位主弯Cobb角愈大,主弯顶椎偏移增大,站立位以及Bending位顶椎凸凹侧肋椎角差值增加,肺功能下降.近胸弯≥30°组较之＜30°组,胸段累及椎体数≥7个组较之＜7个组,肺功能数值下降.