CT动态增强鉴别肾上腺乏脂肪腺瘤与肾上腺结节样增生的价值

目的探讨CT动态增强对鉴别肾上腺乏脂肪腺瘤与肾上腺结节样增生的价值。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的12例肾上腺乏脂肪腺瘤和27例肾上腺结节样增生患者的病例资料,统计两组病例各期增强CT值,利用公式灌注值P=CT静脉期-CT平扫期、廓清值C=CT静脉期-CT延迟期、绝对廓清灌注指数APC=(C/P)×100%及相对廓清灌注指数RAPC=(C/CT静脉期)×100%得到相关参数,并通过绘制受试者工作特征曲线,鉴别两者的最佳价值。结果肾上腺乏脂肪腺瘤直径较结节样增生更大;肾上腺乏脂肪腺瘤病灶各期CT值均明显高于结节样增生,且两者灌注值P、廓清值C、APC及RAPC有明显的统计学差异。年龄、性别、高血压、病灶位置、对侧肾上腺萎缩及动脉期CT值对鉴别两者无显著意义。结论CT动态增强扫描有助于鉴别肾上腺乏脂肪腺瘤和肾上腺结节样增生。     

乳腺癌X线表现分析

目的分析乳腺癌典型及不典型X线征象,提高对乳腺癌不典型X线表现的认识。方法对61例经手术病理证实的乳腺癌资料进行回顾性分析。结果61例乳腺癌主要X线征象:肿块39例;微小钙化30例;不伴肿块及微小钙化的乳腺局部结构紊乱4例、星芒征3例、非对称性密度增高3例。结论肿块及微小钙化是乳腺癌最主要、最直接的X线征象,但部分乳腺癌X线上缺乏上述2种表现,单纯以结构紊乱、非对称性密度增高或星芒征为主要表现。提高对此类乳腺癌不典型X线表现的认识,有利于防止误、漏诊。     

医疗设备维修管理之团队建设

通过我院设备科设备维修队伍的团队建设,说明团队建设在设备维修管理中的重要性。     

Vehicle of triamcinolone acetonide is associated with retinal toxicity and transient increase of lens density

Background Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA) has been widely used as a therapeutic method for many ocular diseases, but a consensus on an appropriate safe therapeutic window of dosage for intravitreal injection, and whether vehicle of TA should be reduced or eliminated, has not yet been reached. The aim of this article is to investigate these issues.Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four experimental groups and one control group. Four or 25 mg TA, with vehicle either reduced or not, was injected into the vitreous cavity of rabbits in experimental groups. Rabbits in the control group received 0.2 ml intravitreal sterile saline solution. Intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured by a Tonopen tonometer. Values of lens density were measured by a Pentacam system. Soluble protein, total antioxidation capacity, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in lens were measured by specific kits. ERG and pathological examinations, including light and electron microscopy of the retina, were also performed.Results Elevation of IOP was noted in all experimental groups after intravitreal TA (P<0.01, paired t-test). Significant increase of lens density was noticed at 1 week after intravitreal TA in the 25 mg vehicle-containing group (P<0.0001, paired t-test). Significant loss of GSH-px activity was noticed at the end of the study (P<0.05, paired t-test), while SOD activity increased (P<0.05, paired t-test). Amplitudes of ERG waves declined significantly in vehicle-containing groups (P<0.01, paired t-test) at the end of the study. Pathological examination showed obvious retinal toxicity in vehicle-containing groups.Conclusions Vehicle of TA should be eliminated or reduced before intravitreal injection to avoid potential retinal toxicity and transient increase in lens density.Presented at Chinese Academy of Fundus Disease Meeting, April, 2005.This study was supported by the 985 Fund of Peking University, Beijing.The authors have no financial interest in any instruments or drugs mentioned in this study.     

综合性医院抑郁症的特点及疗效分析

目的:了解综合性医院神经内科门诊抑郁症的临床特点及抗抑郁治疗的临床疗效.方法:对46例抑郁症患者的临床特点进行研究分析,同时对其中24例患者给予帕罗西汀治疗,对汉密尔顿抑郁评定表(HAMD)的平均总分数、汉密尔顿4因子及临床总体印象量表(CGI)评分在治疗前后进行比较.结果:46例抑郁症患者均以不同程度的躯体症状为主诉,临床表现多种多样,可涉及全身各系统;其中24例抑郁症患者给予帕罗西汀治疗后,汉密尔顿抑郁评定表的平均总分数、汉密尔顿4因子及临床总体印象量表评分分数在治疗后较治疗前显著减少(P＜0.01).结论:了解抑郁症患者躯体症状的临床特点,对于抑郁症的诊断和治疗至关重要.帕罗西汀对抑郁症患者具有明显的抗焦虑作用及早期改善睡眠的作用且整体抗抑郁疗效好.     

nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响

目的：探讨nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响。方法：将含有全长nm23-H1 cDNA的真核表达载体通过脂腩体法转染人胆管癌细胞系。结果：转染成功的QBC939细胞，其nm23-Hl基因的mRNA、蛋白表达明显增加，转染nm23-H1基因的胆管癌细胞体外浸润能力下降，穿越matrigel的细胞数明显低于亲本QBC939细胞，代表浸润能力的IV型胶原酶（MMP-9）分泌量下降。结论：nm23-Hl基因可以抑制胆管癌细胞的体外浸润能力。     

缺血性卒中复发与幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性

目的 探讨缺血性卒中复发与幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染的关系。方法 随机将77例首次卒中发作时HP阳性患者分为抗HP治疗组和对照组，观察其复发情况。同时观察139例首次卒中HP阴性患者复发时HP感染情况。结果 39例HP阳性患者经抗HP治疗后复发率为15．4％，38例HP阳性虱未抗感染治疗复发率为39．4％，139例首次卒中时HP阴性患者卒中复发率为24．5％（P＜0．05）；在33例首次卒中发作HP阴性者在复发时，其HP检测阳性者21例，阳性率为63．4％（P＜0．05）。结论 HP感染是缺血性卒中复发的独立危险因素，积极防治HP感染可以减少卒中发作。     

儿童髓母细胞瘤中VEGFR-2的表达

目的：探讨血管内皮生长因子受体VEGFR－2在儿童髓母细胞瘤中的表达及临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化LSAB法检测84例获随访的儿童髓母细胞瘤中的VEGFR－2表达，按术后生存期3，5，10年分为A，B，C三组，使用Cox回归统计分析。结果：84例儿童髓母细胞瘤中，VEGFR－2阳性表达74例（88．09％），A，B，C三组间VEGFR－2阳性表达分别为100％，88．89％，55．33％（P＜0．01），Cox回归分析显示VEGFR－2是影响生存时间的一个独立的预后因子，它与预后存在负相关关系。结论：VEGFR－2表达水平可作为儿童髓母细胞瘤的预后指标之一。     

头皮脑回样病变畸形

目的提高对头皮脑回样病变畸形的认识和治疗水平。方法复习有关文献,对头皮脑回样病变畸形的病因、临床表现、诊断、分类和治疗进行了分析,采用切除后植皮或扩张头皮瓣修复治疗6例。结果6例病变切除彻底,随访无复发。其中2例植皮病例患者导致局部秃发,4例扩张头皮瓣修复外形满意。结论头皮脑回样病变畸形是一种罕见的头皮良性病变,头皮扩张术是修复治疗头皮脑回样病变的理想方法。