Expression of core?binding factor alpha 1 and collagen Ⅱ in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5

Objective To study the relationship between the medial artery calcification and expression of core?binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfα?1) and collagen Ⅱ (ColⅡ) in chronic kidney disease(CKD) stage 5 patients. Methods Pieces of radial arteries were taken from 40 patients with CKD stage 5 during internal arteriovenous fistula operation. Ten patients with subtotal gastrectomy and normal renal function were chosen as control. The vessels were examined for calcification by von Kossa stain and for the presence of Cbfα?1 and ColⅡ by immunohistochemistry. According to von Kossa stain, CKD stage 5 patients were divided into no calcification group, mild?moderate calcification group and severe calcification group. Other related factors including serum calcium，phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), C?reactive protein (CRP), triglyceride(TG), cholesterol(TC) and low?density lipoproteins(LDL) were also detected. Results Seventeen (42.5%) of CKD Stage 5 patients showed vascular calcification, while calcification was not found in controls. Most calcification occurred in medial layer．Positive immunohistochemical staining of core?binding factor and ColⅡ was found in the smooth muscular cell plasma of medial layer in the vessels with calcification. However, above positive staining was also observed in 78.3% of no calcification group. But there was little staining in control group. Positive staining score of Cbfα?1 and ColⅡ in severe calcification group was significantly higher than that in no calcification group. Same findings were obtained in mild?moderate calcification group, but the difference between them was not statistically significant. CRP and Ca×P were positively correlated with staining score of Cbfα?1 and ColⅡ. Serum phosphate was positively correlated with Cbfα?1 (r=0.786, P<0.01) and ColⅡ (r=0.785, P<0.01) respectively． Conclusions 42.5% of CKD stage 5 patients in our group shows vascular calcification, which occurrs mainly in medial layer. High expression of Cbfα?1 and ColⅡ can be observed in vascular calcification of radial arteries, which is earlier than vascular histological changes. Cbfα?1 and ColⅡ may be involved in the development of vascular calcification.     

TR-Band压迫时间对桡动脉穿刺术后并发症预防效果的系统评价

目的评价TR-Band压迫时间对桡动脉穿刺术后并发症的预防效果。方法采用系统评价的方法,制定文献检索策略、文献纳入和排除标准,分别对文献质量进行严格评价和资料提取,对纳入的随机对照试验进行Meta分析。结果共纳入10项研究。Meta分析结果显示术后2h首次减压与2h内减压相比并不能更好地预防出血RR=0.83,95%CI(0.38,1.81),2h以后首次减压预防出血效果更好RR=2.01,95%CI(1.27,3.19),压迫持续时间6h以上也不能更好地预防出血RR=2.37,95%CI(0.93,6.06),而术后2h内首次减压对肿胀、疼痛、紫绀、桡动脉闭塞等并发症预防效果较好。结论 TR-Band压迫2h后首次减压、持续6h后完全解除压迫预防出血的效果较好,但是对于肿胀、疼痛、紫绀、桡动脉闭塞等并发症,首次减压时间控制在2h内的预防效果更好。     

A novel tetrameric gp350 as a potential Epstein–Barr virus vaccine

Infectious mononucleosis and B-cell transformation in response to infection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is dependent upon binding of the EBV envelope glycoprotein gp350 to CD21 on B-cells. Gp350-specific antibody comprises most of the EBV neutralizing activity in the serum of infected patients, making this protein a promising target antigen for a prophylactic EBV vaccine. We describe a novel, tetrameric gp350-based vaccine that exhibits markedly enhanced immunogenicity relative to its monomeric counterpart. Plasmid DNA was constructed for synthesis, within transfected CHO cells, of a tetrameric, truncated (a.a. 1–470) gp350 protein (gp350^1–470). Tetrameric gp350^1–470 induced ∼20-fold higher serum titers of gp350^1–470-specific IgG and >19-fold enhancements in neutralizing titers at the highest dose, and was >25-fold more immunogenic on a per-weight basis than monomeric gp350^1–470. Further, epidermal immunization with plasmid DNA encoding gp350^1–470 tetramer induced 8-fold higher serum titers of gp350^1–470-specific IgG relative to monomer. Tetrameric gp350^1–470 binding to human CD21 was >24-fold more efficient on a per-weight basis than monomer, but neither tetramer nor monomer mediated polyclonal human B-cell activation. Finally, the introduction of strong, universal tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific CD4+ T-cell epitopes into the tetrameric gp350^1–470 had no effect on the gp350^1–470-specific IgG response in naïve mice, and resulted in suppressed gp350^1–470-specific IgG responses in TT-primed mice. Collectively, these data suggest that tetrameric gp350^1–470 is a potentially promising candidate for testing as a prophylactic EBV vaccine, and that protein multimerization, using the approach described herein, is likely to be clinically relevant for enhancing the immunogenicity of other proteins of vaccine interest.     

Supplement Timing of Cranberry Extract Plays a Key Role in Promoting Caenorhabditis elegans Healthspan

Consumption of nutraceuticals is a major and potent dietary intervention for delaying aging. As the timing of administration is critical for the efficacy of bioactive compounds in medicine, the effectiveness of nutraceuticals may also be dramatically affected by the timing of supplementation. Cranberry exact (CBE), rich in polyphenols, is consumed as a nutraceutical, and possesses anti-aging properties. Here, we examined the influence of timing on the beneficial effects of CBE supplementation in C. elegans. The prolongevity effect of CBE in different aged worms, young adults, middle-age adults, and aged adults, was determined. Early-start intervention with CBE prolonged the remaining lifespan of worms of different ages more robustly than late-start intervention. The effectiveness of CBE on stress responses and physiological behaviors in different aged worms was also investigated. The early-start intervention prominently promoted motility and resistance to heat shocks and V. cholera infection, especially in aged worms. Together, these findings suggest that the timing of CBE supplementation critically influences its beneficial effects on C. elegans lifespan and healthspan. It is of interest to further investigate whether the similar results would occur in humans.     

以器官系统整合为基础的病理生理学教学实践与思考

为了防止器官系统课程教学改革出现教学质量下滑,比较器官系统课程与学科课程体系教授病理生理学总论基础知识的教学效果。器官系统课程教学,课程内容整合符合"循序渐进"教学原则的2011和2012级学生成绩与课程体系教学的学生无差别;相反,课程内容衔接存在不足的2013和2014级,器官系统课程体系教学效果与学科课程体系教学效果相比呈现降低趋势或明显降低;补充课程知识衔接不足后,器官系统教学效果明显改善,好于学科课程体系。总结和反思器官系统课程教学改革的成效,再次验证基础医学教学同样必须遵循医学教育的内在规律,即"循序渐进"的教学原则。     

浅析3D-DSA技术在神经介入中的优势

  目的  浅析“金标准”内3D-DSA技术较常规2D-DSA在神经介入中的诊断优势和治疗中的应用价值。  方法  收集昆明医科大学附属延安医院2018年1月至2019年12月使用2D及3D-DSA技术行神经介入患者277例。其中:脑血栓取栓111例、动脉瘤106例137个（普通囊状动脉瘤75例97个、巨大型动脉瘤5例6个、宽颈动脉瘤21例29个、夹层动脉瘤等2例2个、梭形动脉瘤2例2个、复杂型动脉瘤1例1个）、动静脉畸形45例、颈动脉狭窄支架置入15例。由工作经验丰富的2位副高以上阅片者采用双盲法对2D和3D的图像进行回顾性分析与测量，进而比较2D、3D图像测量数据差异及疾病检出率。  结果  2D-DSA在普通脑血栓对各段血管的显示率与3D-DSA，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；2D-DSA检出动脉瘤93例（122个），3D-DSA检出106例（137个）（P < 0.05），不含假阳性2例；2D-DSA检出动静脉畸形44例，3D-DSA检出45例（P > 0.05）；2D-DSA显示颈动脉狭窄15例，3D-DSA检出15例，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。3D-DSA在颅内动脉瘤检出率、瘤颈、瘤体形态、瘤径、载瘤血管、穿支血管显示等方面显示效果明显优于2D-DSA。  结论  3D-DSA技术提高了对神经性疾病的检出率；同时也提高了对疾病的定性、定量诊断准确率；并且对疾病的进一步治疗有重要的指导意义。