MMP-2、MMP-9在乳腺癌转移中作用的研究

目的:了解MMP-2、MMP-9与乳腺癌局部侵袭、淋巴结转移情况的相关性,进而探讨MMP-2、MMP-9在乳腺癌转移发生的作用。方法:用免疫组化染色的方法检测不同患者MMP-2、MMP-9的表达情况,然后进行相关性的分析研究。结果:MMP-2的表达情况与乳腺癌的局部侵袭情况存在显著的相关性(P<0·01),MMP-9的表达情况与乳腺癌的淋巴结转移情况存在显著的相关性(P<0·01)。结论:我们认为MMP-2、MMP-9作为MMPs(基质金属蛋白酶家族)中的重要成员,在乳腺癌转移发生过程中有促进作用且作用不同。     

应用保列治减少前列腺手术出血的临床观察

目的:探讨保列治在前列腺手术减少出血的疗效和作用机制。方法:应用张氏红细胞计数法计算出30例保列治组和30例对照组前列腺手术出血量,应用病理检查和免疫组化S-P法检测前列腺组织中CD34、、bcl-2、PCNA、VEGF的表达。结果:保列治组中每例术中出血132.6m l对照组为236.7m l,两组差别有显著意义(P<0.01);两组中前列腺组织CD34、bcl-2、PCNA、VEGF表达有显著意义(P<0.05),表现为保列治组较对照组明显减弱;病理检查提示保列治组中腺体萎缩,结缔组织增生,血管数目减少。结论:保列治通过抑制前列腺组织中VEGF合成从而抑制前列腺组织中微血管形成,降低血管通透性和脆性;促进细胞凋亡;抑制细胞增殖而减少术中术后的出血。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的临床应用价值

目的:探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的临床应用价值。方法:回顾112例CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术的患者,经病理诊断证实94例。结果:94例患者中与病理检查相吻合的肺癌86例,穿刺确诊78例,8例为良性病变。诊断灵敏度90.7%,特异度100%,诊断准确率91.5%,并发气胸8.9%,肺内出血10.7%,均自行吸收,未需特别处理。结论:CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检是一种安全、准确的诊断和鉴别诊断肺内病变的方法,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

黄精属药食两用中药玉竹与黄精的比较

玉竹与黄精是黄精属的2种代表性药食两用中药,食疗价值突出。然而本属植物形态较为相似,分类和鉴定困难,导致玉竹与黄精的民间习用品较多,来源混杂。长期以来玉竹与黄精的保健食品开发处于不平衡状态,玉竹的食疗价值及应用被忽视。因此,从玉竹与黄精的形态差异、功效演变和古今食用情况进行比较分析,并提出今后的发展建议,以期为两者的开发应用提供参考。     

金莲花提取物代谢产物研究

目的:研究金莲花化学成分的体内代谢产物及代谢规律。方法:静脉注射方式给予大鼠金莲花提取物并在各时间段采血,利用高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离-串联质谱技术(LC-ESI-MS)对血清中的代谢产物进行研究。结果:根据LC-ESI-MS结果发现了23种原型成分及45种代谢产物。原型成分中有3种酚酸类物质、19种黄酮类物质、1种生物碱类物质。通过准分子离子峰及二级碎片得到了代谢产物可能的化学结构,分析了这些代谢产物的裂解途径,推测19种来源于酚酸类物质、20种来源于黄酮类物质、6种来源于生物碱类物质。结论:本研究探讨了金莲花提取物中化学成分的代谢规律,为其血液移行成分及药理作用的进一步研究奠定基础。     

中药沐足与吴茱萸敷贴涌泉穴联合常规医护措施治疗高血压性眩晕临床研究

目的：观察在常规医护措施基础上加用中药沐足联合吴茱萸敷贴涌泉穴治疗高血压性眩晕的疗效。方法：将 150 例肝阳上亢证患者随机分为观察组和对照组各 75 例。2 组均口服硝苯地平控释片,血压不能达标者加用卡托普利片,给予饮食指导、心理护理等综合护理措施。观察组加予中药沐足联合吴茱萸敷贴涌泉穴。2 组疗程均为 4 周。监测血压水平,记录治疗前、治疗 4 周后的收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）水平,计算治疗期间血压的达标情况;治疗前后评定眩晕程度评分、自测健康评定量表评分;治疗结束时由患者评价对护理工作的满意度。结果：经过 4 周的治疗,观察组改善血压的疗效优于对照组（P＜0.05）。2 组 SBP、DBP 水平均较治疗前降低 （P＜0.01）,观察组 SBP、DBP 水平均低于对照组 （P＜0.05）。观察组偶测血压达标率为56.26%,高于对照组的 46.79%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。2 组眩晕评分均较治疗前下降（P＜0.01）,自测健康评定量表评分均较治疗前升高（P＜0.01）。观察组眩晕评分低于对照组（P＜0.01）,自测健康评定量表评分高于对照组（P＜0.01）。观察组护理满意度高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：在常规医护措施的基础上加用中药沐足联合吴茱萸敷贴涌泉穴治疗高血压性眩晕,可进一步控制患者的血压水平,提高血压达标率,有效减轻眩晕,改善患者的健康状况,提高患者对护理工作的满意度。     

Quercetin protects against cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting Mincle/Syk/NF‐κB signaling maintained macrophage inflammation

Acute kidney injury (AKI) with high incidence and mortality is the main cause of chronic kidney disease. Previous studies have indicated that quercetin, an abundant flavonoid in plants, exhibited renoprotective role in AKI. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, we try to explore whether quercetin protects against AKI by inhibiting macrophage inflammation via regulation of Mincle/Syk/NF‐κB signaling. The results demonstrated that quercetin can significantly inhibit expression and secretion of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in LPS‐induced bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) and reduce activity of Mincle/Syk/NF‐κB signaling in vitro. We also found that quercetin can strongly reduce the concentration of serum creatinine, BUN, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α in cisplatin‐induced AKI model. Furthermore, quercetin down‐regulated protein levels of Mincle, phosphorylated Syk and NF‐κB in kidney macrophages of AKI, as well as inhibited M1, up‐regulated M2 macrophage activity. Notably, the down‐regulation of LPS‐induced inflammation by quercetin was reversed after adding TDB (an agonist of Mincle) in BMDMs, suggesting that quercetin suppresses macrophage inflammation may mainly through inhibiting Mincle and its downstream signaling. In summary, these findings clarified a new mechanism of quercetin improving AKI‐induced kidney inflammation and injury, which provides a new drug option for the clinical treatment of AKI.     

血芙蓉化学成分的研究

目的研究血芙蓉Teucrium viscidum Bl.的化学成分。方法血芙蓉70%乙醇提取物采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到20个化合物,分别鉴定为20β-羟基熊果酸(1)、β-谷甾醇(2)、羽扇豆醇(3)、齐墩果酸(4)、木犀草素(5)、槲皮素(6)、芹菜素(7)、β-胡萝卜苷(8)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(9)、teuvisone (10)、lipidiol (11)、teucvisin B (12)、1,5,9-epideoxyloganin (13)、1,5,9-epideoxyloganic acid (14)、5-epideoxyloganin (15)、argylioside (16)、8-epideoxyloganic acid (17)、radiatoside E (18)、radiatoside F (19)、enmenol-glucoside (20)。结论化合物1、3、7、9、13~20为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1、13~20为首次从石蚕属植物中分离得到。     

黄芪增液汤对便秘大鼠结肠AQP9的表达影响

目的:采用复方地芬诺酯灌胃建立津亏便秘大鼠模型,观察黄芪增液汤对便秘模型大鼠水通道蛋白-9(Aquaporin 9,AQP9)表达的影响。方法:健康(Sprague-Dawley,SD)大鼠50只,随机分为5组,空白组、模型组、伊托必利组、黄芪增液汤高、中、低剂量组。模型组及各治疗组采用限水+复方地芬诺酯灌胃复制津亏便秘模型,造模成功后,模型组以0.9%氯化钠注(NaCl)灌胃,每日1次。治疗组分别给予设定剂量和配比的增液汤和莫沙必利,每日1次(剂量依体质量而定),连续12天。治疗结束后,采用免疫组织化学链霉亲和素-生物素复合物(Strept Avidin-biotin Complex,SABC)法检测空白组、模型组及治疗各组AQP9在结肠的表达情况,应用彩色病理图像分析系统对阳性表达的平均光密度值(Density Mean,MD)进行半定量比较分析。结果:①AQP9在各组大鼠结肠黏膜均有表达,主要表达于杯状细胞胞膜,部分杯状细胞淡然,染色呈棕褐色,胞核无染色;②模型组AQP9表达显著降低,着色浅,MD值显著下降,与空白组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);③伊托必利组、中药高、中、低剂量组均较模型组细胞阳性表达量高,各组与空白组比较表达量低,MD值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);④中药低、中剂量组、伊托必利组两两比较,表达量无统计学意义(P>0.05),中药高剂量组表达量较低、中剂量组、伊托必利组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:①便秘大鼠结肠黏膜AQP9表达量显著降低,这可能是肠道液体分泌减少,导致便秘"津亏"的根源所在。②黄芪增液汤能上调便秘大鼠结肠黏膜AQP9表达,尤其以黄芪增液汤高剂量组升高明显,提示黄芪增液汤可能是以通过提高结肠AQP9表达来达到其对便秘"增液行舟"机制的。     

Three‐way parallel group independent component analysis: Fusion of spatial and spatiotemporal magnetic resonance imaging data

Advances in imaging acquisition techniques allow multiple imaging modalities to be collected from the same subject. Each individual modality offers limited yet unique views of the functional, structural, or dynamic temporal features of the brain. Multimodal fusion provides effective ways to leverage these complementary perspectives from multiple modalities. However, the majority of current multimodal fusion approaches involving functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are limited to 3D feature summaries that do not incorporate its rich temporal information. Thus, we propose a novel three‐way parallel group independent component analysis (pGICA) fusion method that incorporates the first‐level 4D fMRI data (temporal information included) by parallelizing group ICA into parallel ICA via a unified optimization framework. A new variability matrix was defined to capture subject‐wise functional variability and then link it to the mixing matrices of the other two modalities. Simulation results show that the three‐way pGICA provides highly accurate cross‐modality linkage estimation under both weakly and strongly correlated conditions, as well as comparable source estimation under different noise levels. Results using real brain imaging data identified one linked functional–structural–diffusion component associated to differences between schizophrenia and controls. This was replicated in an independent cohort, and the identified components were also correlated with major cognitive domains. Functional network connectivity revealed visual–subcortical and default mode‐cerebellum pairs that discriminate between schizophrenia and controls. Overall, both simulation and real data results support the use of three‐way pGICA to identify multimodal spatiotemporal links and to pursue the study of brain disorders under a single unifying multimodal framework.