Studies of fluoride retention by oral soft tissues after the application of home-use topical fluorides.

Previous studies have focused on enamel and plaque as the primary sites of fluoride (F) retention in the mouth. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of oral soft tissue as a site of F retention by comparing an edentulous subject panel (n = 9) with a fully dentate panel (n = 10). Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected by having subjects pool saliva for two min. Samples were collected over a 24-hour period after application of a placebo dentifrice (PD; 0.4 ppm F), fluoride dentifrice (FD; 1100 ppm F), fluoride rinse (FR; 226 ppm F), or fluoride gel (FG; 5000 ppm F) delivered in custom trays. There was no statistically significant difference in salivary flow rate between the two panels for any of the treatments. The edentulous panel had higher salivary F levels than the dentate panel, which reached statistical significance (p less than 0.05) for the FD and FG treatments. In a separate study involving the same treatments, F levels at specific soft-tissue sites were measured over a one-hour period by use of absorbent discs placed in different soft-tissue areas of the mouth. The tongue and lower posterior vestibule retained the highest F levels, followed by the upper posterior buccal vestibule and upper anterior labial vestibule, with the lowest F levels retained in the lower anterior vestibule and the floor of the mouth. There was a strong-to-moderate correlation between whole saliva F concentration and F levels at specific soft-tissue sites. This study establishes the importance of oral soft tissue as the major site of F retention in the mouth.     

Establishment of cell free conversion system with biotin-labelled recombinant PrPsen expressed in E. coli

Objective To report a protocol using biotin-labelled PrP protein in cell free conversion assay instead of isotope. Methods A hamster PrP protein （HaPrP） was expressed in E. coli and purified with HIS-tag affinity chromatograph. After being labelled with biotin, HaPrP was mixed with PrP^sen preparation from scrapie strain 263K. Results Protease-resistant bands were detected after four-day incubation. Conclusion The new conversion model provides a reliable, easily handling, and environment-friendly method for studies of prion and transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.     

20例ABO血型抗原表达异常样本的血型基因分析

目的 探讨20例样本ABO血型抗原表达减弱的分子生物学机制。方法 采用微柱凝集法及盐水试管法进行ABO血型血清学鉴定;对ABO基因第1-7外显子及其上游启动子区域PCR产物直接测序进行基因分型。结果 11例样本通过家系分析可以确定其基因型（1例ABO*A2.01/ABO*B.01,1例ABO*A2.01/ABO*O01.01,1例A1.02/B3.04,2例B3.04/O.01.01、2例B3.02/O.01.02,4例Bw.12/O.01.01）;3例样本在ABO基因启动子区域发生-35_-18位的碱基缺失,通过家系分析,提示该变异发生在B等位基因;1例样本在ABO基因启动子区域发生-119位C>T变异;1例样本发生第7外显子1054位点缺失碱基C;4例样本在ABO血型基因1-7外显子及其调控区域未发现变异。结论 启动子区域-119位C>T变异及Exon7 1054del变异可能是导致ABO血型抗原异常表达的新变异;部分ABO亚型可能与内含子异常或mRNA合成异常有关;本地区B亚型明显多于A亚型。     

童年期心理虐待和忽视、述情障碍对大学生无聊倾向的影响

目的探讨童年期心理虐待和忽视、述情障碍对大学生无聊倾向的影响及其关系。方法采用大学生无聊倾向问卷(boredom proneness scale for college students,BPS)、儿童心理虐待和忽视量表(child psychological abuse and neglect scale,CPANS)、多伦多述情障碍量表(the Toronto alexithymia scale,TAS-20)对1557名大学生进行调查,采用SPSS 22.0进行描述性统计、相关分析和回归分析。结果童年心理虐待[(26.540±8.985)分]、忽视[(32.665±10.651)分]、述情障碍的识别情感维度[(19.359±4.835)分]、描述情感维度[(14.173±3.001)分],外向思维维度[(20.383±3.429)分]与无聊倾向总分[(101.109±19.735)分]、外部刺激维度[(66.022±21.079)分]存在正相关(r=0.160~0.559,均P<0.01),而与内部刺激维度[(35.132±8.207)分]存在负相关(r=-0.302~-0.104,均P<0.01)。分层回归分析显示,在控制性别和年龄的影响后,心理虐待与忽视是无聊倾向、内部刺激和外部刺激的影响因素,分别可解释总变异的14.3%,5.1%和18.2%(△F=130.561、41.968、172.711,均P<0.01)。述情障碍的识别情绪、描述情绪和外向思维是无聊倾向、内部刺激和外部刺激的影响因素,分别可解释总变异的17.5%,9.9%和25.5%(△F=134.274、60.696、234.383,P<0.01)。结论童年心理虐待和忽视、述情障碍对大学生无聊倾向存在显著影响,主要体现在对无聊倾向的外部刺激的影响上,其中述情障碍影响最大、解释力最高。     

Inverted U-Shaped Associations between Glycemic Indices and Serum Uric Acid Levels in the General Chinese Population: Findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study

Objective The relationship between serum uric acid(SUA)levels and glycemic indices,including plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postload glucose(2 h-PG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1 c),remains inconclusive.We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.Methods The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study.A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged≥40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment.The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models.Results A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis.Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels,but with different inflection points in men and women.The thresholds for FPG,2 h-PG,and HbA1 c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L,11.0/14.0 mmol/L,and 6.1/6.5,respectively(SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices).Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes,while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.     

Omics Approaches for Exploring Pneumoconiosis: A Review

Pneumoconiosis,a fatal lung disease caused by dust inhalation and deposition,is one of the leading occupational diseases worldwide[1].The dust is primarily inorganic particles,such as silica particles,coal dust,and asbestos fibers.If the diameter of dust is less than 5μm,it is defined as‘respirable dust’that can easily reach the distal airways and alveoli[2].     

National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

高龄女性累积胚胎后移植与非累积胚胎移植的妊娠结局分析

目的 比较40岁以上高龄女性累积胚胎后移植与非累积胚胎进行移植的妊娠结局。方法选择40岁以上且使用自身卵子进行冻融胚胎移植助孕229例不孕症妇女共338个周期资料,根据患者是否累积胚胎移植分为两组分析妊娠结局。 结果40~49岁女性随着年龄增高,基础卵泡刺激素水平升高（P<0.05）,获卵数减少（P<0.05）,临床妊娠率和持续妊娠率下降（P<0.05）。在40岁妇女中,累积胚胎移植组的临床妊娠率和持续妊娠率均高于非累积胚胎移植组（42.9% vs. 24.6%,P<0.05）,对于41岁、42岁、≥43岁,两组的临床妊娠率、持续妊娠率及早期流产率差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论对于40岁不孕妇女,多次取卵累积胚胎后移植有助于提高临床妊娠率,对41岁以上女性累积胚胎对于助孕结局的益处有限。     

动态增强MRI与肌骨超声在类风湿关节炎活动性的诊断价值

目的:探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)与肌骨超声在类风湿关节炎(RA)活动性的诊断价值.方法:选取115例RA患者为研究对象,根据RA的活动性(DAS28)分为缓解期组(n=42)和活动期组(n=73).患者均行DCE-MRI和肌骨超声检查,比较两种方法对不同活动性RA患者的检测结果;分析DCE-MRI和肌骨超声检查指标对RA活动性的诊断价值及DCE-MRI和肌骨超声检测指标与RA活动性的相关性.结果:活动期组患者的滑膜厚度、关节积液和骨质坏死等评分及Slopemax、Ktrans和ERmax值均高于缓解期组(P<0.05).肌骨超声对骨质坏死的检出率高于DCE-MRI(P<0.05).滑膜厚度、Ktrans值诊断RA活动性的AUC分别为0.814、0.828,DAS28与Ktrans值呈正相关(P<0.05).结论:DCE-MRI和肌骨超声均可较好诊断RA活动性,其中肌骨超声对骨质坏死的检出率较好,而DCE-MRI检测指标与RA活动性有较高的相关性.     

超声引导下真空辅助旋切手术治疗乳腺良性肿瘤的疗效及安全性评价

目的 探讨超声引导下真空辅助旋切手术治疗乳腺良性肿瘤的疗效及安全性.方法 选取2018-01/2021-01月在作者医院就诊的100例乳腺良性肿瘤患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=50)及观察组(n=50),对照组行传统乳腺良性肿瘤切除手术,观察组行超声引导下真空辅助旋切术,比较两组手术及术后恢复相关指标、并发症发生及积液情况、术后美观度及满意度.结果 观察组患者术中出血量、瘢痕长度低于对照组(P＜0.05),手术时间、伤口愈合时间及住院时间均较对照组缩短(P＜0.05).观察组患者术后病灶完全清除率高于对照组(P＜0.05).术后观察组患者局部血肿、皮下瘀斑、乳腺畸形以及切口感染发生率均低于对照组,但无统计学差异(P＞0.05);观察组患者术后并发症总发生率,积液发生程度,积液总发生率均低于对照组(P均＜0.05).观察组患者术后3个月美观度优良率、总满意度均高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 超声引导下真空辅助旋切手术可彻底清除病灶、缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量及瘢痕长度,有利于促进患者术后恢复;且术后并发症及积液发生率较低,美观度及患者满意度较高.