高危前列腺癌:以根治性手术为核心的综合治疗策略

高危前列腺癌的生物学行为难以预测,目前仍然是前列腺癌治疗的难点。以根治性前列腺切除术为核心的综合治疗策略能够获得良好的治疗效果。术前对其危险因素进行分层评估,有利于筛选合适的患者进行个体化治疗,进一步改善患者的预后。     

腹腔镜治疗交通性鞘膜积液的疗效观察(附25例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜下鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液的效果。方法:回顾我院2010年8月~2013年12月间腹腔镜下鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液的患儿共25例,平均年龄5岁,左侧8例,右侧17例,术中发现对侧隐性鞘状突未闭2例。结果:手术均获成功,单侧手术时间15~20min,术中无精索血管和输精管损伤,随访无复发、睾丸萎缩、切口瘢痕等。结论:腹腔镜鞘状突高位结扎术治疗交通性鞘膜积液,操作简单、创伤小、并发症少、复发率低,可同时处理对侧隐匿性未闭鞘状突。     

Therapeutic experience with primary liposarcoma from the sigmoid mesocolon accompanied with well-differentiated liposarcomas in the pelvis

Multifocal liposarcoma with different histological types is rare, especially that originating from the mesentery. We herein report a case of primary myxoid liposarcoma from the sigmoid mesocolon that was accompanied with well-differentiated liposarcomas in the pelvis. The location, the fat signal and the relationship with adjacent organs of the liposarcomas were well shown in the axial, coronal and sagittal dimensions of MRI, giving a comprehensive and specific image before surgery. To alleviate the patient’s symptoms and mental stress, a laparotomy was performed. The tumors were all completely excised with macroscopic free margins. The final histopathological report showed that the tumor in the sigmoid mesocolon was a pure myxoid liposarcoma, while the pelvic tumors were spindle cell liposarcomas, a special type of well-differentiated liposarcoma. According to the AJCC staging system, they were all stage IIB. No further adjuvant therapy was performed. Close follow-up after the surgery has been performed, and the patient has remained healthy without any evidence of recurrence or metastasis for 17 months after the surgery.     

Usefulness of laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy with operative cholangiography for severe cholecystitis

Purpose

Cholecystectomy can become hazardous when inflammation develops, leading to anatomical changes in Calot’s triangle. We attempted to study the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) to decrease the incidence of complications and the rate of conversion to open surgery.

Methods

Patients who underwent LSC between January 2005 and December 2008 were evaluated retrospectively. The operations were performed laparoscopically irrespective of the grade of inflammation estimated preoperatively. However, patients with severe inflammation of the gallbladder underwent LSC involving resection of the anterior wall of the gallbladder, removal of all stones and placement of an infrahepatic drainage tube. To prevent intraoperative complications, including bile duct injury, intraoperative cholangiography was performed.

Results

LSC was performed in 26 elective procedures among 26 patients (eight females, 18 males). The median patient age was 69 years (range 43–82 years). The median operative time was 125 min (range 60–215 min) and the median postoperative inpatient stay was 6 days (range 3–21 days). Cholangiography was performed during surgery in 24 patients. One patient underwent postoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy for a retained common bile duct stone that was found on cholangiography during surgery. Neither complications nor conversion to open surgery were encountered in this study.

Conclusions

LSC with the aid of intraoperative cholangiography is a safe and effective treatment for severe cholecystitis.     

Middle-preserving pancreatectomy with reversed pancreaticogastrostomy: report of a case

Parenchyma-sparing pancreatic resections have been reported increasingly in recent years; however, for multifocal diseases involving the head and the tail of the pancreas, total pancreatectomy is still the preferred procedure. The possible consequence of this procedure is loss of normal pancreatic parenchyma, resulting in insufficiency of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine functions. Various types of limited resection have been introduced for isolated or multiple pancreatic lesions, depending on the location of the tumor. Even for multifocal diseases, if the pancreatic body is spared, a middle-preserving pancreatectomy (MPP) can be performed to assure maximal pancreatic function and uncompromised quality of life. Yet, few papers have introduced the feasibility of MPP for a better outcome. This report describes a new surgical technique for MPP using an alternative approach for the remnant pancreas anastomosis. We used this technique successfully to remove a bifocal neoplasm: adenocarcinoma of the distal bile duct and mucinous cyst adenoma in the tail of the pancreas.     

The role of urethral pressure profile on treating premature ejaculation by tamsulosin

Dear Editor,
I am Dr. Hui-Rong Chen, from the Department of Urology in Shanghai First People＇s Hospital at Shanghai Jiao Tong UnNersity, Shanghai, China. Premature ejaculation （PE） is a common sexual dysfunction, affecting approximately 20%-30% of sexually active men. According to intravaginal ejaculatory latency time （IELT） of l min, the incidence is approximately 1%-3%.1 PE is significantly associated with many personal and negative consequences, such as distress, frustration, and avoidance of sexual intimacy due to the inability of successful delayed ejaculation, α1-adrenergic blockers were effective in delaying ejaculation in approximately 50%-67% of the cases.2,3 Recently, abnormal ejaculation, an adverse infrequent side effect associated with the use of α1A-adrenergic blockers such as silodosin or tamsulosin, has drawn significant attention. Clinical studies suggested that this represents a relative anejaculation rather than a retrograde ejaculation. We present here the study to investigate the role of urethral pressure profile （UPP） on treating PE by tamsulosin.     

生物可降解聚氨酯的合成及应用

生物可降解聚氨酯材料具有优异的机械性能,良好的血液相容性、组织相容性和生物可降解性,因而在生物医学上得到了广泛的应用.聚氨酯的设计自由度很大,可以通过选择不同嵌段和调节软硬段间的比例,从而合成出具有不同化学结构、机械性能和热性能的聚氨酯以满足不同的应用要求.生物可降解聚氨酯在医学上的应用主要集中在药物缓释载体材料、手术缝合线、人造皮肤、伤口敷料、医用粘合剂、组织工程修复及细胞培养支架等.     

乙肝病毒标志物定量检测与肝脏损害的相关性研究

目的：探讨乙肝病毒标志物定量检测与肝脏损害的关系。方法：采用人院时第一份血清，应用时间分辨免疫荧光分析法（TRIFA）测定696例乙肝患者病毒标志物的含量，同步监测肝功能。结果：HBeAb与ALT呈负相关（r=-0．346，P〈0．05），HBeAg与TBIL呈负相关（r=-0．230，P〈0．05），而乙肝病毒标志物定量与AST、PAB、ALB、PT无关。结论：不能完全以乙肝病毒标志物的定量来判断患者肝功能的好坏。     

运动训练对心理应激机体肿瘤坏死因子α的影响

目的:心理应激因素可通过影响中枢神经和内分泌系统来改变机体免疫功能,而适当的应激干预手段可以改变应激对免疫机能的影响。通过对肿瘤坏死因子α(tumornecrosisfactorα,TNF-α)的检测,探讨运动训练对心理应激干预的免疫学机制。方法:实验于2003-09/2003-11在扬州大学体育学院体育心理学实验室完成,实验室为清洁级。健康雄性SD大鼠46只,体质量(240±30)g,SPF级,购于中科院上海动物研究中心许可证号:SCXK(沪)2003-0004。随机分为6组,即对照组、心理应激组、30min运动组、应激+30min运动组、60min运动组、应激+60min运动组(除30min运动组和应激+30min运动组每组7只外,其余每组各8只),分笼饲养,每笼3～4只;自然昼夜节律光照,饲养笼选用塑料制品,并配有不锈钢、塑料吸水瓶和铝吸水管、饲养温度15～16℃,国家标准固体混合饲料,自由饮食。结果:①经过2周的心理应激后,大鼠产生显著的身心变化,血清TNF-α的含量显著下降。②经过8周的运动训练后,大鼠血清TNF-α含量没有变化;同时,应激+30min运动组(1.451±0.188)μg/L和应激+60min运动组(1.696±0.246)μg/L的TNF-α的含量均显著高于应激组(1.293±0.166)μg/L,其中60min运动组最为明显(P<0.01)。结论:小运动负荷在正常状态下对机体免疫促进作用有限。但在心