不同多焦视网膜电图系统在评估视网膜功能上的比较

目的 评估VERIS mfERG （EDI Inc）和Espion multifocal imager （Diagnosys）两种不同系统测量正常眼多焦视网膜电图（mfERG）的电位波反应的差异及其相关性,并用两个不同系统分别测量黄斑前膜患眼的mfERG并进行分析.方法 这是一项横断面研究,在VERIS系统使用Burian-Allen （BA）电极,Espion系统使用BA和DTL电极分别测量25只正常眼的mfERG,将3次测得的一阶反应的相应数据进行配对t检验及Pearson相关分析.两个系统用BA电极分别测量19只黄斑前膜患眼的mfERG,对一阶反应的相应数据进行Fisher＇s exact test分析.结果 VERIS BA测得正常眼N1波、P1波振幅密度值最大,其次为Espion BA,Espion DTL最小;VERIS BA测得N1波、P1波潜伏期最长,Espion BA与Espion DTL差异无统计学意义.Espion BA与VERIS BA测得的P1波振幅密度、潜伏期皆有明显的相关性.黄斑前膜患眼中,VERIS BA比Espion BA能检测到更多P1波振幅密度和P1波潜伏期的异常.结论 不论VERIS或Espion系统都能成功记录多焦视网膜电图,当两种系统都使用Burian-Allen电极时,两者mfERG一阶反应P1波振幅密度及潜伏期有着良好的相关性.     

千层塔中三萜成分的研究

前曾报道自千层塔[Huperzia serrata Thunb.(Trev)=Lycopodium serratum Thunb(Trev.)]中分得具有胆碱酯酶抑制活性的新生物碱——石杉碱甲、石杉碱乙、甲基石杉碱乙及已知生物碱8-deoxyserratinine,serratinine,lycodoline及lycoclavine。为进一步阐明该植物的化学成分,我们对其三萜成分进行了研究。从浙江安吉产的千层塔植物中分到六个石松三萜,其中一个为新化合物,经下述方法推定为serratenediol-21-acetate(Ⅰ)。另五     

针灸治疗中风偏瘫选穴规律研究

目的对针灸治疗中风偏瘫的临床研究文献进行统计分析,为临床选穴与合理组穴提供依据。方法收集近28年来针灸治疗中风偏瘫的临床文献,对选用的腧穴种类、归经及使用频次进行统计分析。结果针灸治疗弛缓性偏瘫为主的文献276篇,共使用195个穴位,总频次为2 957次,十四经穴174个,总频次2 849次,占96%;经外奇穴108次,占4%。出现频率占10%以上的经穴29个,阳经穴21个,阴经穴8个。针灸治疗痉挛性偏瘫为主的文献52篇,共使用106穴,总频次为530次,十四经穴97个,总频次511次,占96%;经外奇穴19次,占4%。出现频率占10%以上的经穴31个,阳经穴21个,阴经穴10个。治疗弛缓性偏瘫和痉挛性偏瘫,均以十四经穴为主体,选用阳经穴为主。结论针灸治疗中风弛缓性瘫选用手足阳明、足少阳经、督脉四条阳经,治疗痉挛性瘫以手足少阳经、手阳明经及足太阳经四条经脉为主,上肢配以心包经,下肢配以足太阴经和足阳明经。     

经肛门内镜显微手术治疗直肠绒毛状腺瘤和早期直肠癌31例

目的探讨经肛门内镜显微手术（transanal endoscopicmic rosurgery，TEM）治疗直肠绒毛状腺瘤和早期直肠癌的疗效。方法1995年11月～2003年12月，我院行TEM治疗直肠肿瘤31例。全麻下根据肿瘤位置选择合适的体位，经肛门插入特殊的手术直肠镜，保持CO2充气状态，在立体视镜和腔镜系统下，采用针形电刀或5mm超声刀将直肠肿瘤完整切除（黏膜下或全层切除），手术创口在腔内连续缝合。结果31例直肠肿瘤均获完整切除，切缘均阴性。手术时间45～220min，平均95min；术中出血量0～180ml，平均40ml。手术并发症：暂时性排气失控2例，急性尿潴留1例，慢性阻塞性气道疾病急性发作1例，因服用阿斯匹林而出现继发性出血1例。术后病理分期：pT0期16例，pTis期2例，pT1期7例，pT2和pT3期各3例。31例随访2～92个月，平均23个月，肿瘤无原位复发。结论TEM是治疗直肠绒毛状腺瘤和早期直肠癌的一种安全、有效的微创手术方法。     

Tid1 functions as a tumour suppressor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Human tumourous imaginal disc (Tid1), a human homologue of the Drosophila tumour suppressor protein Tid56, is involved in multiple intracellular signalling pathways such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, and cell survival. Here, we investigated the anti‐tumourigenic activity of Tid1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, the clinical association between Tid1 expression and progression of HNSCC was explored. It was found that expression of Tid1 was negatively associated with tumour status, recurrence, and survival prognosis using immunohistochemical analysis of primary HNSCC patient tumour tissue. Secondly, ectopic expression of Tid1 in HNSCC cells was shown to significantly inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, anchorage‐independent growth, and xenotransplantation tumourigenicity. Thirdly, we showed that overexpression of Tid1 attenuated EGFR activity and blocked the activation of AKT in HNSCC cells, which are known to be involved in the regulation of survival in HNSCC cells. On the other hand, ectopic expression of constitutively active AKT greatly reduced apoptosis induced by Tid1 overexpression. Together, these findings suggest that Tid1 functions as a tumour suppressor in HNSCC tumourigenesis. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sweet potato leaf extract inhibits the simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of native starch

Several studies have reported the therapeutic use of caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives in the management of hyperglycemia. This study used a simulated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model to assess the inhibitory effects of CQA derivatives-rich sweet potato leaf extract (SPLE) and a commercially produced green coffee bean extract (GCBE), each with total polyphenols contents of 452 mg g⁻¹ and 278 mg g⁻¹, respectively, against starch digestion. The changes in the amounts of total polyphenols and total CQA derivatives during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion were also examined. The results indicated that both extracts contained substantial levels of CQA derivatives (136 mg g⁻¹ and 83.5 mg g⁻¹ of extract for SPLE and GCBE, respectively). The amounts of total polyphenols and total CQA derivatives in 20 mg of SPLE and GCBE samples decreased from 9.04 mg to 0.58 mg and from 5.56 mg to 0.58 mg, and from 2.72 mg to 0.16 mg and from 1.67 mg to 0.10 mg, respectively, following in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and subsequent dialysis. When SPLE and GCBE were accompanied with starch for in vitro digestion test, they both exhibited inhibitory effect against starch digestion during simulated intestinal digestion, with estimated half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 4.91 mg and 6.06 mg polyphenols, respectively. The amount of glucose permeated through dialysis membrane also decreased significantly in comparison with the extract-negative control. Thus, both SPLE and GCBE were capable of modulating the release of glucose from starch digestion in simulated intestinal tract. The observed inhibitory effects against glucose release were presumably due in part to the presence of CQA derivatives in the tested extracts. The SPLE had higher inhibitory effect against in vitro starch digestion than the commercially prepared reference GCBE. Therefore, the SPLE might be used to manage hyperglycemia over the long term.