辽宁省3129名成人的健康自评情况—基于中国家庭追踪调查数据

目的了解辽宁省成人的健康自评情况,为当地医疗与保健提供参考。方法使用北京大学中国社会科学调查中心中国家庭动态跟踪调查2010年横断面调查数据,描述辽宁省成人的健康自评情况,秩和检验比较不同特征人群健康自评的差异。结果 3 129名成人中有42.59%的人自评为健康,42.37%的人认为一般,3.94%的人认为比较不健康,9.08%的人认为不健康,2.02%的认为非常不健康。不同性别、年龄、收入水平的健康自评及健康自评变化情况不同。结论辽宁省女性、高龄人群在疾病防控中应予以关注。     

糖尿病手部坏疽的综合治疗11例报告

目的评估糖尿病手部坏疽综合治疗的临床效果。方法共收治糖尿病手部坏疽患者11例,自发现病变至诊治时间平均为6.2周,术前MHQ评分为61.3±7.5(55~71)分。均接受综合治疗,包括血糖控制、抗炎、清创截肢和术后处理等。结果本组11例随访12~18个月,平均13.2个月。患肢创面均完全愈合,除病变手指外,余指活动正常。术后MHQ评分为84.2±8.9(81~91)分。患侧握力为健侧的69%~83%。结论糖尿病手部坏疽的治疗需采用综合手段,在控制血糖及排除手术禁忌证后,应尽早行截指或者清创手术。     

护理干预对消化道手术切口感染的预防效果分析

目的探讨护理干预措施对预防消化道手术后切口感染的效果。方法 280例接受消化道手术治疗者随机分为观察组与对照组,各140例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组则在此基础上实施个性化护理干预,比较两组的切口愈合效果以及感染率。结果观察组的切口甲级愈合率为72.9%,显著高于对照组的48.6%(P0.05);观察组的切口感染率为1.4%,显著低于对照组的12.14%(P0.05);观察组的护理满意度为100.0%,显著高于对照组的89.3%(P0.05)。结论在消化道手术后实施个体化综合护理干预有利于降低切口感染率,促进切口的愈合。     

良恶性胃溃疡组织中PTEN、survivin的表达及意义

目的 探讨良、恶性胃溃疡组织中PTEN和survivin的表达变化及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测63例无癌前病变的胃溃疡、68例有癌前病变胃溃疡及83例溃疡型胃癌组织中PTEN和survivin蛋白的表达,分析二者的相关性及其与溃疡型胃癌病理特征的关系和临床价值.结果 无癌前病变、有癌前病变的胃溃疡及溃疡型胃癌组织中PTEN表达逐渐下降(P<0.01),survivin表达逐渐升高(P<0.01),二者的表达呈负相关(r=-0.489,P<0.01).PTEN表达与溃疡型胃癌分化类型有关(P<0.01),survivin表达与有癌前病变胃溃疡病理进展有关(P<0.05).PTEN、survivin在溃疡型胃癌检测中特异度分别为79.39%、57.25%,灵敏度分别为52.38%、71.08%.结论 良、恶性胃溃疡组织中PTEN和survivin蛋白表达不同,检测其组织中PTEN和survivin对良、恶性胃溃疡的鉴别及观察溃疡的组织演变可能具有重要意义.     

Increased body weight in C57BL/6 female mice after exposure to ionizing radiation or 60Hz magnetic fields

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether early treatment with ionizing radiation and/or chronic magnetic field (MF) exposure affected body weight in female mice. Materials and methods: Weanling C57BL/6 female mice were irradiated with four equal weekly cobalt-60 exposures (total cumulative doses: 3.0, 4.0, 5.1Gy) and/or received chronic lifetime exposure to 1.4mT 60 Hz circularly polarized MF or ambient MF. The body weights of 2280 mice were recorded at 35 age intervals, and analysis of variance was used to compare the mean differences from baseline weights between treatment groups and sham-exposed controls. Results: A highly statistically significant effect of ionizing radiation on body weight was observed at 28 age intervals (p h 0.001), and for MF exposure at 10 age intervals (p h 0.001). During the young adult growth phase, mice exposed only to MF exhibited h 0.5g greater weight gain relative to sham-exposed controls (p = 0.0001). The effect of ionizing radiation alone was inversely related to dose, with the largest weight increases observed in all of the irradiated groups after 9-12 months (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Treatment with split-dose ionizing radiation at an early age and chronic exposure to a residential power frequency MF were found to produce small but significant increases in body weight.     

Arthroscopic excision of juxtaarticular cancellous osteoid osteoma in the talar neck

Cancellous osteoid osteoma of the talus near the subtalar joint is rare, and the treatment is very challenging. We present the first case of arthroscopic excision of juxtaarticular cancellous osteoid osteoma in the talar neck near the subtalar joint. After confirming the nidus of the osteoid osteoma with computer tomography, the lesion was completely removed with a motorized bur under arthroscopy, and the patient’s pain disappeared immediately after surgery. This case report demonstrates that a cancellous osteoid osteoma in the talar neck near the subtalar joint can be treated by arthroscopic excision and good results could be obtained. Level of evidence IV.     

瑞芬太尼在镇痛分娩中的运用研究

目的：研究探讨瑞芬太尼在镇痛分娩中运用的有效性、安全性。方法：选择单胎、头位、自然分娩、无病理性妊娠因素孕妇102例，随机分为两组：瑞芬太尼组（A组）50例，导乐法组（B组）52例。A组在孕妇进入活跃期后，缓慢静注瑞芬太尼0．5μg/kg ，后持续微量注射泵注入0．04μg/（kg · min），孕妇述疼痛加剧时，单次静脉追加0．5μg/kg。B组采用常规非药物镇痛-导乐法分娩。记录宫缩疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、呼吸循环指标、胎心监测情况、新生儿Apgar评分、催产素应用及器械助产情况等指标。结果：A组镇痛后VAS评分各时段均低于B组（P＜0．05），其他呼吸循环、胎心监测、Apgar评分等指标两组无显著差异（P＞0．05）。结论：瑞芬太尼静注0．5μg/kg复合泵注背景剂量0．04μg/（kg · min）用于分娩镇痛安全有效。     

On the origins of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast in tumors at 9.4 T

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) provides an indirect means to detect exchangeable protons within tissues through their effects on the water signal. Previous studies have suggested that amide proton transfer (APT) imaging, a specific form of CEST, detects endogenous amide protons with a resonance frequency offset 3.5 ppm downfield from water, and thus may be sensitive to variations in mobile proteins/peptides in tumors. However, as CEST measurements are influenced by various confounding effects, such as spillover saturation, magnetization transfer (MT) and MT asymmetry, the mechanism or degree of increased APT signal in tumors is not certain. In addition to APT, nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) effects upfield from water may also provide distinct information on tissue composition. In the current study, APT, NOE and several other MR parameters were measured and compared comprehensively in order to elucidate the origins of APT and NOE contrasts in tumors at 9.4 T. In addition to conventional CEST methods, a new intrinsic inverse metric was applied to correct for relaxation and other effects. After corrections for spillover, MT and T₁ effects, corrected APT in tumors was found not to be significantly different from that in normal tissues, but corrected NOE effects in tumors showed significant decreases compared with those in normal tissues. Biochemical measurements verified that there was no significant enhancement of protein contents in the tumors studied, consistent with the corrected APT measurements and previous literature, whereas quantitative MT data showed decreases in the fractions of immobile macromolecules in tumors. Our results may assist in the better understanding of the contrast depicted by CEST imaging in tumors, and in the development of improved APT and NOE measurements for cancer imaging. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

血清趋化素水平与钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄程度的相关性研究

目的探讨血清趋化素(chemerin)水平在钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄(CAS)发病机制中的作用及与主动脉瓣狭窄程度的相关性。方法选取2016年11月至2019年11月于邯郸市第一医院心内科诊断为CAS的患者40例为CAS组,将CAS患者按主动脉瓣狭窄程度分为三组:轻度CAS组(n=14)、中度CAS组(n=15)及重度CAS组(n=11);另选取同期来院体检的无CAS的患者40例为对照组(年龄、性别与CAS组匹配)。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定各组血清chemerin水平;应用Spearman相关分析法评估chemerin和主动脉瓣狭窄程度的相关性。结果与对照组相比,CAS组患者的血清chemerin水平明显升高[(89.8±14.9)ng/ml vs.(60.1±21.3)ng/ml,P<0.05];三组不同狭窄程度CAS患者的血清chemerin水平较对照组均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随狭窄程度的加重,chemerin水平逐渐降低,其中轻度CAS组患者的chemerin水平最高;相关性分析显示,血清chemerin水平与主动脉瓣狭窄程度呈负相关性(r=-0.632,P<0.01)。结论血清chemerin水平与CAS狭窄程度有关,可作为辅助诊断CAS的血清炎症提示指标。