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21.
Recessively inherited L-DOPA-responsive parkinsonism in infancy caused by a point mutation (L205P) in the tyrosine hydroxylase gene 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
22.
阮强 《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》1994,(5)
研究资料表明,人巨细胞病毒(HCMv)单一蛋白的单一抗原决定簇只能被部分患者阳性血清识别。组建在血清学诊断中能够替代全病毒抗原的基因工程抗原,需要含有病毒多种主要抗原蛋白的抗原决定簇。为搞清在表达载体中重复插入某一抗原决定簇基因是否能表达出更高抗原效价的融会蛋白,我们用点突变的方法,在表达载体中分别插入了人HCMv的ppUL32蛋白羧基端一个抗原决定簇基因的1个、2个和3个拷贝。在免疫转印检测中,这些克隆表达的融合蛋白与特异性阳性血清的反应性差别不明显。这表明,插入表达载体中目的基因的多寡对表达蛋白的抗原效价没有显著影响。 相似文献
23.
Holzer Th. Vaternahm H. Kalk 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1956,34(31-32):873-875
24.
Vagal afferents signal gastric acid challenge to the nucleus tractus solitarii of the rat brainstem. This study investigated whether nucleus tractus solitarii neurons in the mouse also respond to gastric acid challenge and whether this chemonociceptive input is modified by neuropeptide Y acting via neuropeptide Y receptors of type Y2 or Y4. The gastric mucosa of female mice was exposed to different concentrations of HCl or saline, excitation of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarii visualized by c-Fos immunohistochemistry, gastric emptying deduced from the gastric volume recovery, and gastric lesion formation evaluated by planimetry. Relative to saline, intragastric HCl (0.15-0.35 M) increased the number of c-Fos-expressing cells in the nucleus tractus solitarii in a concentration-dependent manner, inhibited gastric emptying but failed to cause significant hemorrhagic injury in the stomach. Mice in which the Y2 or Y4 receptor gene had been deleted responded to gastric acid challenge with a significantly higher expression of c-Fos in the nucleus tractus solitarii, the increases amounting to 39 and 31%, respectively. The HCl-induced inhibition of gastric emptying was not altered by deletion of the Y2 or Y4 receptor gene. BIIE0246 ((S)-N2-[[1-[2-[4-[(R,S)-5,11-dihydro-6(6H)-oxodibenz[b,e] azepin-11-yl]-1-piperazinyl]-2-oxoethyl]cyclopentyl] acetyl]-N-[2-[1,2-dihydro-3,5 (4H)-dioxo-1,2-diphenyl-3H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]ethyl]-argininamide; 0.03 mmol/kg s.c.), a Y2 receptor antagonist which does not cross the blood-brain barrier, did not modify the c-Fos response to gastric acid challenge. The Y2 receptor agonist peptide YY-(3-36) (0.1 mg/kg intraperitoneally) likewise failed to alter the gastric HCl-evoked expression of c-Fos in the nucleus tractus solitarii. BIIE0246, however, prevented the effect of peptide YY-(3-36) to inhibit gastric acid secretion as deduced from measurement of intragastric pH. The current data indicate that gastric challenge with acid concentrations that do not induce overt injury but inhibit gastric emptying is signaled to the mouse nucleus tractus solitarii. Endogenous neuropeptide Y acting via Y2 and Y4 receptors depresses the afferent input to the nucleus tractus solitarii by a presumably central site of action. 相似文献
25.
The relationship between demographic factors and attitudes toward mental health services. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Considerable effort has been exerted in recent years toward educating the public concerning mental illness and the efficacy of various treatment modalities. Most previous studies of attitudes have focused solely on attitudes toward the mentally ill. In this study we investigated attitudes toward mental health services and found that most people are positively disposed toward the use of these services. Attitudes toward the use of mental health services were affected by the age, sex, race, education, and income of the subjects. In general, differences of attitude lie in the direction that would tend to inhibit utilization among those most at risk. 相似文献
26.
Bhattacharya S; MacLennan F; Hamilton MP; Templeton A 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(7):1440-1442
Although the conventional method of pain relief during outpatient oocyte
recovery involves physician-administered drugs, patient- controlled
analgesia (PCA) offers an alternative technique with the potential to give
women more control over peroperative analgesia. We conducted a prospective
randomized study to compare the effect of fentanyl administered either
through a PCA delivery system or by a physician. Thirty-nine women were
randomized to PCA during egg collection while 42 were allocated to receive
intermittent doses administered by a physician. Pain was evaluated by means
of a 100 mm linear analogue scale. The mean (SD) pain score in the PCA
group was 38.5 (19.8) while in the other group it was 46.1 (21.3) (P =
0.1). In the PCA group, 64% of women felt very satisfied with their
analgesia as compared with 57% in the non-PCA group (P = 0.6). Among the
PCA users, 39% of demands were successful. Significantly more fentanyl
(97.5 microg) was used in the PCA group than in the other group (84.6
microg) (P = 0.03). Though intraoperative PCA with fentanyl is an effective
alternative to physician-administered techniques, many women still feel the
need for more analgesia during the procedure.
相似文献
27.
Morphological studies have shown that macrophages and microglia undergo
apoptosis in the central nervous system (CNS) in acute experimental
autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the Lewis rat. To assess the relative
levels of macrophage and microglial apoptosis, and the molecular mechanisms
involved in this process, we used three-colour flow cytometry to identify
CD45lowCD11b/c+ microglial cells and CD45highCD11b/c+ macrophages in the
inflammatory cells isolated from the spinal cords of Lewis rats 13 days
after immunization with myelin basic protein (MBP) and complete Freund's
adjuvant. Simultaneously, we analyzed the DNA content of these cell
populations to assess the proportions of cells undergoing apoptosis and in
different stages of the cell cycle or examined their expression of three
apoptosis- regulating proteins, i.e. Fas (CD95), Fas ligand (FasL) and
Bcl-2. Microglia were highly vulnerable to apoptosis and were
over-represented in the apoptotic population. Macrophages were less
susceptible to apoptosis than microglia and underwent mitosis more
frequently than microglia. The different susceptibilities of microglia and
macrophages to apoptosis did not appear to be due to variations in Fas,
FasL or Bcl- 2 expression, as the proportions of microglia and macrophages
expressing these proteins were similar, and were relatively high.
Furthermore, in contrast to T cell apoptosis, apoptosis of
microglia/macrophages did not occur more frequently in cells expressing Fas
or FasL, or less frequently in cells expressing Bcl-2. These results
indicate that the apoptosis of microglia and CNS macrophages in EAE is not
mediated through the Fas pathway, and that Bcl-2 expression does not
protect them from apoptosis. Expression of FasL by macrophages and
microglia may contribute to the pathogenesis and immunoregulation of EAE
through interactions with Fas+ oligodendrocytes and Fas+ T cells. The high
level of microglial apoptosis in EAE indicates that microglial apoptosis
may be an important homeostatic mechanism for controlling the number of
microglia in the CNS following microglial activation and proliferation.
相似文献
28.
G. Hunsmann J. Schneider H. Bayer R. Kurth A. Werner H. D. Brede V. Erfle W. Mellert H. R. Brodt L. Bergmann I. Helm I. Scharrer W. Kreuz H. Berthold P. Wernet E. M. Schneider K. Schimpf U. Egli U. Bienzle H. Schmitz P. Kern G. Krüger H. Rasokat E. Lechler E. Seifried P. Hellstern W. Schneider E. Holzer F. -D. Goebel R. Hehlmann 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1985,63(5):233-235
Summary In 1984 10,281 sera were collected in the FRG and examined for antibodies to HTLV-III (LAV) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmative tests. Of the German AIDS patients 81% have antibodies. Individuals belonging to AIDS risk groups, homosexuals, haemophiliacs and i.v. drug abusers, have antibody frequencies between 25%–72%. The detection of HTLV-III antibodies in blood donours indicates that the virus is being transmitted by blood transfusions.Abbreviations AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- LAS
lymphadenopathy syndrome
- ARC
AIDS related complex
- LAV
lymphadenopathy associated virus
- HTLV-III
human T-lymphotropic virus type III
- HBV
hepatitis B virus 相似文献
29.
Twenty-five patients, 12 men and 13 women, 42 to 79 years (mean 62) were studied to determine possible interest of a controlled release preparation of L. dopa combined with benserazide. All patients were experiencing fluctuations in efficacy over the last 8 +/- 4 years. Their Parkinson disease was of long duration, (16 +/- 5 years), severe (Hoehn and Yahr's stages III to V) and treated with L. dopa for 12 +/- 4 years. Results were evaluated in the short, medium and long term. During the initial period the new treatment was substituted for previous therapy on a dose for dose basis. Long term (300 days) results showed that "end of dose" fluctuations had been improved in 40 p. 100 of cases without concomitant reduction in therapeutic effects, duration of "ON" periods progressing by 60%. The frequency of drug intake was unaltered but daily dosage could be increased by 30% without increasing severity of abnormal movements to a similar degree. The administration of this new presentation can be recommended, especially when frequent fluctuations compromise long term therapeutic effects. 相似文献
30.
J H Boyd J D Burke E Gruenberg C E Holzer D S Rae L K George M Karno R Stoltzman L McEvoy G Nestadt 《Archives of general psychiatry》1984,41(10):983-989
The diagnostic criteria of the third edition of the DSM-III often state that one diagnosis cannot be made if it is "due to" another disorder. Using data from the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule, with a sample of 11,519 subjects from a community population, we found that if two disorders were related to each other according to the DSM-III exclusion criteria, then the presence of a dominant disorder greatly increased the odds of having the excluded disorder. We also found that disorders, which DSM-III says are related to each other, were more strongly associated than disorders, which DSM-III says are unrelated. However, we also found there was a general tendency toward co-occurrence, so that the presence of any disorder increased the odds of having almost any other disorder, even if DSM-III does not list it as a related disorder. We concluded that empirical studies are needed to study the assumptions underlying the use of a diagnostic hierarchy. 相似文献