Electrochemical Corrosion Behaviour of X70 Steel under the Action of Capillary Water in Saline Soils

In this paper, the electrochemical corrosion behavior of X70 steel in saline soil under capillary water was simulated by a Geo-experts one-dimensional soil column instrument. A volumetric water content sensor and conductivity test were used to study the migration mechanism of water and salt (sodium chloride) under the capillary water. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of the X70 steel in the corrosion system was analyzed by electrochemical testing as well as the macroscopic and microscopic corrosion morphology of the steel. The test results showed that the corrosion behavior of X70 steel was significantly influenced by the rise of capillary water. In particular, the wetting front during the capillary water rise meant that the X70 steel was located at the three-phase solid/liquid/gas interface at a certain location, which worsened its corrosion behavior. In addition, after the capillary water was stabilized, the salts were transported with the capillary water to the top of the soil column. This resulted in the highest salt content in the soil environment and the most severe corrosion of the X70 steel at this location.     

血液净化在老年重症急性胰腺炎患者中的应用

<正>随着生活水平及诊断水平提高,近20年来急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)在我国的发病率越来越高。其中,约有20%的AP患者会进展为重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP),病死率高达35%^[1]。随着我国步入老龄化社会,     

彩色多普勒超声诊断锁骨下动脉窃血综合征

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对锁骨下动脉窃血综合征的诊断价值。方法应用彩色多普勒超声观测颈动脉、颅内外段椎动脉、锁骨下动脉、无名动脉、基底动脉及大脑后动脉的声像图特征及血流动力学的状况。结果锁骨下动脉窃血综合征主要由动脉粥样硬化和多发性大动脉炎所致,且两种原因在年龄组成、性别分布、好发部位上差异有统计学意义。锁骨下动脉窃血综合征患侧血供的代偿主要来自对侧的椎动脉。结论彩色多普勒超声对绝大多数锁骨下动脉窃血综合征可明确诊断。     

浅表淋巴结肉芽肿性炎声像图及其鉴别诊断

目的提高对浅表淋巴结肉芽肿性炎超声诊断和鉴别诊断的认识。方法分析41例肉芽肿性炎和127例恶性及其他原因淋巴结肿大的声像图,并采用二分类logistic回归模型筛选声像图鉴别指标。结果淋巴结肉芽肿性炎声像图特点为内部回声减低,甚至出现透声区,部分有不规则钙化,淋巴门结构消失,彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）示其内血流信号欠丰富,分布不规则。与恶性淋巴结鉴别要点为内部是否有透声区、长短径的比值、是否有淋巴门结构和血流信号是否丰富;与其他淋巴结病变的鉴别要点为内部是否有透声区、回声分布是否均匀和是否有淋巴门结构,其诊断正确率均可达到80％。结论超声检查对浅表淋巴结病变的诊断和鉴别诊断具有较好的应用价值。     

Conversion of bio-carbohydrates to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in three-component deep eutectic solvent

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a valuable platform chemical derived from biomass and lots of research focuses on the synthesis of HMF from fructose and glucose. Herein, conversion of bio-carbohydrates to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was studied in the three-component deep eutectic solvent (DES) system, which was composed of choline chloride (ChCl), boric acid and substrates such as fructose, glucose and sucrose. Bio-carbohydrates handled under typical reaction conditions gave satisfactory conversion (44% for fructose and 31% for glucose) and yield of HMF (35% for fructose and 21% for glucose) in 1 h. Moreover, owing to the benefits of DES, the initial substrate content could be higher and the reaction temperature could be reduced, thus side reactions were effectively avoided and the selectivity of HMF was better (ranging from 79% to 100% for fructose and from 65% to 100% for glucose). We believe this method could provide a promising alternative for conversion of bio-carbohydrates to HMF and a better utilization of biomass.

The conversion process of fructose and glucose in the three-component DES system. Substrates such as fructose, glucose and sucrose treated with this DES system could convert to HMF in a satisfactory yield and selectivity.     

抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床病理特点分析

背景 肿瘤治疗措施导致的肾损害日益多见,而该领域关于相应患者肾脏病理的研究较少。目的 分析抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床及肾脏病理特点。方法 选取2013年10月至2021年8月在河北医科大学第四医院肾内科住院并行肾穿刺活检的≥18岁患者112例,肾损害出现时间位于发现肿瘤后或者与肿瘤同一时间出现,肾损害与恶性肿瘤或者肿瘤相关治疗存在直接或间接关系;既往应用化疗、分子靶向药物或免疫检查点抑制剂等全身治疗的患者纳入抗肿瘤药物组(65例),其余患者纳入未用抗肿瘤药物组(47例)。收集患者的一般资料、实验室检查和病理资料。分析抗肿瘤药物相关肾损害患者的临床及肾脏病理特点。结果 抗肿瘤药物组中59例实体瘤患者发生急性肾损伤(AKI)30例(50.8%),6例血液系统肿瘤患者发生AKI 4例(4/6)。未用抗肿瘤药物组35例实体瘤患者中发生AKI 11例(31.4%),12例血液系统肿瘤患者发生AKI 6例(50.0%)。抗肿瘤药物组治疗前血肌酐低于治疗后(P<0.001)。抗肿瘤药物组性别、吸烟比例、血清白蛋白、尿蛋白阳性率与未用抗肿瘤药物组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);...     

阿司匹林在心血管系统疾病中的应用

近年来,随着人民生活水平的提高和生活方式的转变,心血管系统疾病逐渐成为对生命和生活质量威胁最大的疾病.1999年美国心脏协会专家预测,2010～2020年冠心病致死率将在全球排名第一,且平均发病年龄逐渐提前,我们正面临前所未有的挑战.     

Effect of Hearing Rehabilitation Therapy Program in Hearing Aid Users: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

ObjectivesDespite sufficient hearing gains, many patients with hearing loss have difficulty using hearing aids due to poor word recognition ability. This study was performed to introduce our hearing rehabilitation therapy (HRT) program for hearing aid users and to evaluate its effect on hearing improvement.MethodsIn this prospective randomized case-control study, 37 participants with moderate or moderate-severe sensorineural hearing loss who had used bilateral hearing aids for more than 3 months with sufficient functional hearing gain were enrolled in this study. Nineteen participants were randomly assigned to the control group (CG) and 18 patients were assigned to participate in our HRT program once a week for 8 consecutive weeks (hearing rehabilitation therapy group [HRTG]). Their hearing results and questionnaire scores for hearing handicap and hearing aid outcomes were prospectively collected and compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter completing 8 weeks of the HRT program, the HRTG showed a significantly greater improvement in scores for consonant-only and consonant-vowel sound perception than the CG (P<0.05). In addition, the HRTG showed a significant improvement in hearing ability as measured by two questionnaires (P<0.05), while no differences were observed in the CG. However, word and sentence recognition test results did not show significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionEven after short-term HRT, patients had subjectively better hearing outcomes and improved phoneme perception ability; this provides scientific evidence regarding a possible positive role for HRT programs in hearing aid users. Further validation in a larger population through a long-term follow-up study is needed.