正常与病态下嗓音的客观指标的评价

对158例正常人和136例各种喉疾病患者连续元音[i]发声时的平均气流率、声强、频率、频率微扰商和发声效率同步进行了测定.并对各测定指标间的相互关系进行了探讨.频率微扰商是表示连续元音发声时声带振动相邻周期间的微细变动量;发声效率反映平均气流率与声能的有效转换率.在低、中和高强度发声时.随发声强度的提高,平均气流率.频率和发声效率随之提高而频率微扰商则变小.中等声强发声时.平均气流率与声强,声强与频率均呈正相关;而平均气流率与发声效率.声强(男性)和频率(女性)与频率微扰商均呈负相关.多数喉疾病患者显示出较正常人高的平均气流率和频率微扰商,发声效率则降低.当声强和频率作为参考指标时,平均气流率,频率微扰商和发声效率可作为评价喉发声功能的客观、定量指标.     

论医疗纠纷处理技巧与防范程序的建立

近年来,医院发生医疗纠纷的频率有上升态势,处理纠纷难度亦日益加大,是医院管理者经常面临的难题。依据多年从事医院医疗质量管理的实践经验和相关资料分析认为:医疗纠纷增多的现象不仅与医务人员的医疗技术、服务态度、管理人员素质、管理作风和医院对纠纷处理的方式有关,与公民的社会保健知识和法律意识的增强等因素亦有相关性。令人满意的医疗纠纷处理办法在于是否能从错综复杂的医疗纠纷中寻找其发生、发展和解决的规律,处理医疗纠纷重在把握好三个基本原则和运用技巧。此外,认为解决纠纷与防范纠纷具有同等的重要性,并对医疗缺陷防范程序的建立以及在现代医院管理中的意义进行了初步探讨。     

肾上腺素诱导兔血小板聚集的实践与理论探讨

目的创建以Ａｄｒ诱导兔血小板聚集的方法，并对受体分子特性作初步探讨。方法以高Ｋ＋缓冲液等取代兔ＰＲＰ中血浆，以Ａｄｒ诱导聚集，以Ａｐｙｒ证实结果。结果兔血小板悬浮于高Ｋ＋缓冲液时Ａｄｒ能单独诱导真正的聚集。结论由此推测血小板膜上α２肾上腺素受体分子可能为由两种亚单位组成：促聚亚单位和辅助亚单位。人辅助亚单位当Ａｄｒ浓度高达聚集阈值以上时可被激活，与促聚亚单位结合为活性的二聚体，与Ａｄｒ进一步结合发生聚集作用。兔辅助亚单位则还需要高Ｋ＋方能被激活     

Myc基因家族在喉癌中的异常扩增及其意义

目的探讨Ｍｙｃ基因家族在喉癌中的异常扩增及其临床意义。方法应用ＰＣＲ非变性聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳激光扫描技术检测了３２例喉癌组织、１２例癌旁组织和６例正常组织。结果正常组织细胞Ｍｙｃ基因无扩增，３２例喉癌中４７％（１５／３２）有Ｃｍｙｃ和Ｌｍｙｃ扩增，４１％（１３／３２）有Ｎｍｙｃ基因扩增。Ｍｙｃ基因扩增率与年龄、性别、喉癌临床分期及分化程度无关（Ｐ＞０．０５），但有淋巴结转移的患者的Ｎｍｙｃ扩增率明显高于无淋巴结转移者（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论Ｍｙｃ基因３个成员异常扩增是喉癌发生的原因之一，Ｎｍｙｃ扩增在喉癌淋巴结转移过程中可能起正性调控作用。     

绞股蓝总甙复合国产1号避孕片对健康妇女脂类代谢及血压的影响

本研究将180名已婚、一孩、年龄33±5岁,需要使用避孕措施的健康妇女随机分成6组,即IUD组、绞股蓝总甙加IUD组、1号OC片组、40mg、60mg、80mg绞股蓝总甙分别与1号OC片复合的3个试验组.用双盲法给药,连续服用6个月观察脂类代谢和血压的变化.结果显示:以IUD组和1号OC片组的数据为参比值.服用不同剂量绞股蓝总甙复合口服避孕药后无升高TG和TC的趋势,有显著升高HDL-C作用和使APOA_1水平上升的趋势;亦存在降低收缩压的趋势,对舒张压无明显影响,但在服药后3个月时HDL-C水平曾发生暂时性下降.     

大鼠脑神经干细胞神经巢蛋白表达的流式细胞术检测

检测胎鼠及成年大鼠脑内神经干细胞特异性抗原神经巢蛋白的表达,判明啮齿类哺乳动物脑内神经干细胞存在的可能性及相应的部位。方法：显微手术下采取胎鼠及成年大鼠大脑与皮质下脑组织,间接荧光法标记ｎｅｓｔｉｎ,以流式细胞术检测。结果胎鼠脑内普遍存在ｎｅｓｔｉｎ阳性细胞,成年大鼠脑室旁组织中也存在ｎｅｓｔｉｎ阳性细胞。     

喉近全切除喉功能重建术

目的 为了减少喉全切除率并重建喉功能。方法 自１９９１￣１９９６年作喉近全切除喉功能重建术１９例。男８例，女１１例。年龄最大７４岁，最小４０岁，平均５７．６岁。临床分期Ⅱ期２例，Ⅲ期９例，Ⅳ期８例。手术特点是：切除舌骨，保留环状软骨及一侧杓状软骨，将五状软骨前缘与舌根切缘吻合，增强了舌根对新喉口的遮盖作用，减轻了误咽．结果 全部病例术后发音功能良好，多数病例误咽不重。５例拔除套管经喉呼吸。１４例新     

Analyses of mutation and loss of heterozygosity of coding sequences of the entire transforming growth factor beta type II receptor gene in sporadic human gastric cancer

Mutations in the transforming growth factor beta type II receptor (TGFbetaRII) gene have been detected in several human cancer types exhibiting microsatellite instability. Using intron primers previously reported for examination of the entire coding region of the TGFbetaRII gene, 29 sporadic gastric cancers were screened with non-radioactive single strand conformation polymorphism and subsequent DNA sequencing analysis. Mutations of the TGFbetaRII gene were detected in three out of 29 tumors (10%). Two cases showed deletions in a polyadenine tract in both alleles and was positively associated with replication error. One case had an insertion of GA dinucleotide sequence in one allele. Mutations of the TGFbetaRII gene were restricted to exon 3 and other coding regions were not affected. Loss of heterozygosity was detected by analyzing a polymorphic site in intron 2. Three out of nine (33%) informative cases, which were all of intestinal type and advanced cases, showed loss of heterozygosity but neither TGFbetaRII mutation nor replication error was found in these cases. Immunoreactivity of TGFbetaRII in tumor tissues was reduced to a different extent in the gastric cancer with genetically abnormal transforming growth factor. Although the numbers studied are small, homozygous (A)10 deletion or loss of heterozygosity of TGFbetaRII is involved in tumorigenesis and progression of at least some part of sporadic gastric cancer.      

Chemical constituents of Conyza blinii Lévl.]

Five compounds were isolated from the aerial part of Conyza blinii. On the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis, they were identified as alpha-spinasterol, 5, 8-dihydroxy-7, 3', 4'-trimethoxyflavone, caffeic acid, quercetin and syringic acid. All these compounds were isolated from the plant of C. blinii for the first time.     

柴蔻冲剂对慢性酒精性肝损伤大鼠抗脂质过氧化作用的实验研究

观察中药复方柴蔻冲剂（ＣＫＩ）对慢性酒精性肝损伤大鼠的防护作用。ＣＫＩ可显著提高红细胞和肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性，血与肝组织中过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）的活性。显著降低血浆与肝组织中脂质过氧化终产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量，抑制氧自由基的产生，提高组织抗氧化能力。并探讨了柴蔻冲剂的量效关系。