Association of APOA5 c.553G>T polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population.

BACKGROUND: Several independent population studies have reported that c.553G>T polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) is associated with hypertriglyceridaemia. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between this genetic variation and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: In this study, APOA5 c.553G>T polymorphisms in 152 healthy individuals and 71 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and agarose electrophoresis methods, and serum levels of lipids were also estimated by biochemical methods. RESULTS: The frequency of T alleles in the diabetes and control groups was 0.085 and 0.049, respectively. Compared with controls, there was no significant difference in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies of c.553G>T polymorphic sites in diabetic patients (p=0.27 and p=0.15, respectively). However, the frequency of GT and TT genotypes and the T allele in the subgroup with hypertriglyceridaemia was significantly higher than that in the subgroup with normal triglyceridaemia in both the control group (p=0.034 and p=0.014, respectively) and the diabetes group (p=0.037 and p=0.007, respectively). In the diabetes and control groups, triglyceride levels in (GT+TT) genotype individuals were significantly higher than in GG genotype individuals (p=0.001 and p=0.003, respectively), and levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also significantly higher (p=0.044 and p=0.022, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: APOA5 c.553G>T polymorphism is not significantly associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus, but is associated with plasma triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.     

高频部分液体通气对吸入性损伤犬呼吸功的影响

目的　观察高频喷射通气结合小剂量氟碳 (3ml/kg)液体通气对吸入性损伤犬呼吸的功影响。方法　将 16条犬经蒸气吸入造成吸入性损伤模型 ,并随机分为两组 ,即对照组和治疗组。两组动物致伤后均行高频喷射通气 ,但治疗组动物同时经气管导管将氟碳液体 (3ml/kg)缓慢注入肺内 ,在 90min内测机械通气功 (WOBvent)。结果　治疗组在给予小剂量氟碳后的WOBvent与致伤后比较差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,对照组治疗后的WOBvent与致伤后比较差异亦无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,治疗组与对照组各时间点的WOBvent比较差异均无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　高频喷射通气合并小剂量氟碳 (3ml/kg)部分液体通气并不增加动物的呼吸功。     

尿毒症并发上消化道出血24例临床观察

对近几年收住入院的慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）86例，对其中并发上消化道出血24例，从出血诱因、临床表现、胃镜、出血前后功能检查分析。结果发现：恶心呕吐、饮食不节、继发感染是诱发出血的主要原因一出血特点为少量、间歇出现，持续时间长而腹部症状轻微。出血后肾功能急骤恶化，与出血前相比有显著性差异（P＜0．01），是导致死亡的主要原因。     

Fluorescence spectroscopic determination of dipyridamole binding on pancreas-1 tumor cell membrane

BACKGROUND: The traditional method to determine the binding sites of inhibitors bound to nucleoside transporters on cell membrane is the radioactive assay. This method suffers from radiolabel instability and the need to dispose of reactive materials. Fluorescence spectroscopy has been increasingly applied to biochemical analysis due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. We describe fluorescence spectroscopy for the determination of the binding sites of dipyridamole bound to nucleoside transporters on pancreas-1 tumor cell membrane. METHODS: Pancreas-1 tumor cell was cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium under appropriate conditions. The cell plasma membrane was separated from the ultrasonically dissolved cell mixture by gradient centrifugation. After dipyridamole was bound to the cell membrane, the test sample was obtained by ultrasonically dissolving the labeled membrane in 10 mmol/l tris-HCl membrane lysis solution. Under selected experimental conditions, the fluorescence intensity of dipyridamole was determined. RESULTS: At lambda em of 295 nm and lambda em of 485 nm, dipyridamole was proportional to its concentration ranging from 1.0 x 10(-12) to 5.0 x 10(-11) mol/l with a detection limit of 2.8 x 10(-13) mol/l (0.14 pg/ml) at 3sigma. The value of affinity constant of the cell membrane to dipyridamole was 4.7(+/-0.5) x 10(10) l/mol and the average total number of binding sites of a pancreas-1 tumor cell was 1.9(+/-0.2) x 10(6). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method can be used in the study of binding characters of dipyridamole on the cell membrane.     

陕西省世界银行贷款/英国赠款结核病控制项目6年效果分析

目的分析陕西省世界银行贷款/英国赠款结核病控制项目实施6年的效果,为我省结核病防治工作可持续发展提供可参考。方法收集2002—2007年陕西省107个区(县)项目季报表,对全省DOTS策略覆盖率、肺结核可疑症状者就诊率、肺结核患者登记率和治愈率等主要指标进行统计分析。结果全省2002年启动DOTS策略,2005年以县为单位DOTS策略覆盖率达到了100%。2002—2007年,全省接诊肺结核可疑症状者386281例,可疑症状者就诊率逐年增高;发现涂阳肺结核患者61293例,其中新涂阳肺结核患者45123例,新涂阳肺结核登记率平均为20.45/10万,2004—2007年,新涂阳肺结核发现率平均为87.72%。初治涂阳肺结核治愈率平均为90.6%,复治涂阳患者治愈率平均为81.7%。结论该项目促进了DOTS策略的快速扩展,提高了肺结核患者的发现率和治愈率,产生了明显的社会效益和经济效益。     

妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A与OX40配体共同高表达在急性冠状动脉综合征中的临床意义

目的:探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血清妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A(PAPP-A)水平与可溶性OX40配体(sOX40L)及单核细胞表达OX40L水平之间的相关性.方法:应用双抗夹心酶联免疫测定法(ELISA)分别对冠状动脉造影正常对照组(30例)、稳定型心绞痛(SA)组(60例)、不稳定型心绞痛(UA)组(50例)、急性心肌梗死(AMI)组(30例)患者血清PAPP-A及sOX40L水平进行检测,采用流式细胞术检测患者血单核细胞表达OX40L水平.结果:血清sOX40L、PAPP-A水平UA组[(15.7±4.9)μg/L,(25.4±6.8)mg/L]及AMI组[(17.1±5.3)μg/L,(26.3±5.6)mg/L]明显高于SA组[(3.4±1.4)μg/L, (9.6±2.1)mg/L]及对照组[(3.9±1.3) μg/L,(8.5±2.8)mg/L];循环血单核细胞表达OX40L UA组[(25.6±5.5)MFI]及AMI组[(29.4±6.3)MFI]明显较SA组[(10.6±2.8)MFI]及对照组[(11.1±3.5)MFI]高.ACS患者血清PAPP-A水平与sOX40L及单核细胞表达OX40L呈显著正相关(r1=0.54, r2=0.51; P<0.0001);ACS患者血清PAPP-A、sOX40L水平及单核细胞表达OX40L均与冠状动脉复杂狭窄程度呈正相关(r1=0.56, r2=0.55, r3=0.40; P<0.001).结论:ACS患者血清PAPP-A水平与sOX40L及单核细胞表达OX40L相关,二者共同高表达提示冠状动脉斑块不稳定,可能是ACS活动性标志物.     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉与动力髋螺钉固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的Meta分析

目的:探讨股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral nail anti-rotation,PFNA)与动力髋螺钉(dynamic hipscrew,DHS)固定治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效差异。方法:运用计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、MEDLINE数据库、Elsevier数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库以及手工检索相关文献的参考文献。所有检索截至2011年12月5日。收集PFNA与DHS固定比较治疗股骨转子间骨折随机对照试验的英文及中文文献,严格评价纳入研究的方法学质量并提取资料。统计软件采用RevMan5.0。结果:共纳入13项随机对照试验,共958例患者,其中PFNA组475例,DHS组483例。资料分析显示,PFNA固定与DHS固定比较,手术时间缩短[WMD=-21.38,95%CI(-33.050,-9.26),P<0.05]、术中失血量减少[WMD=-176.36,95%CI(-232.20,-120.52),P<0.05]、术后总并发症发生率降低[RR=0.46,95%CI(0.31,0.70),P<0.05]、术后内固定失效发生率降低[RR=0.27,95%CI(0.11,0.62),P<0.05]。结论:与DHS相比,PFNA能缩短平均手术时间,减少平均术中出血量,降低术后总并发症发生率以及术后内固定失效发生率;但目前尚无足够证据表明PFNA在减少平均住院时间、平均术后骨折愈合时间以及降低术后骨折发生率、髋内翻发生率、术后浅表切口感染发生率、术后其他并发症发生率和术后Harris评分优良率上要优于DHS。     

静脉移植和动员骨髓间充质干细胞对胰腺炎肝肾功能损害的保护作用

目的探讨自体骨髓间充质干细胞静脉移植和骨髓干细胞动员在重症急性胰腺炎肝肾功能损害中的作用及可能机制。方法制备SAP大鼠模型240只,随机平分为对照组、SAP模型组、MSC组、G-CSF组和MSC+G-CSF组,各组术后再平分为12、24、48、72h组。MSC组在SAP模型6h后注射MSC 1.2ml,G-CSF组在SAP前3天每天预注射G-CSF 40μg/kg,MSC+G-CSF组联合使用G-CSF和MSC方法,对照组注射等量NS。比较各组病死率,观察肝脏和肾脏大体及镜下病理改变,比较血清肝肾功能指标ALT、AST、Bun、Cr、LDH和炎症因子TNF-α、IL-6、CRP含量,比较肝肾组织细胞凋亡指数。结果各组大鼠均存活超过48、72h病死率与SAP组比较差异无显著;肝、肾组织大体及镜下病理变化均轻于SAP模型组;治疗组血清肝肾功能指标,炎症细胞因子含量较SAP模型组不同程度减低,其中MSC+G-CSF组部分指标与单独治疗组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),细胞凋亡指数与单独治疗组比较有显著差异(P<0.05),但MSC与G-CSF组比较差异无统计学意义。结论静脉移植MSC和G-CSF骨髓动员均能有效保护重症急性胰腺炎时肝肾损害,其中联合治疗效果最佳,其中对炎症反应及细胞凋亡的调控机制存在。