脾脏及Tuftsin在亚硝酸盐诱发胃癌过程中的作用

本文通过实验性胃癌模型的建立,观察脾脏及Tuftsin的免疫功能对肿瘤发生的影响。 大鼠随机分为切脾组、切脾后注射Tuftsin组、模拟切脾组。术后第8周起各组大鼠连续自由饮取t50mg/L浓度的MNNG溶液共32周,同时对一组切脾动物开始注射Tultsin。结果提示脾脏在肿瘤免疫中有双重作用。脾脏具有一定的防止瘤前病变及抗早期肿瘤的作用;对于进展期肿瘤,脾脏介入了肿瘤引起的机体免疫抑制状态的形成过程,有促肿瘤生长作用。脾脏特异的因子Tuftsin,可增加组织局部炎症反应从而发挥其抗肿瘤的作用,同时也提示胃粘膜慢性炎症与胃癌发生并无直接联系。作者提出了在脾外伤和胃癌手术时作保留脾脏手术的具体意见,并认为Tuftsin如能用于临床,将是肿瘤生物学治疗的一个新的途径。     

部分液体通气对吸入性损伤犬肺组织病理学的影响

目的 研究部分液体通气(PLV)对吸入性损伤犬肺组织病理学的影响。方法 将16只犬经蒸气吸入造成吸入性损伤模型，并随机分为对照组和治疗组。所有动物行机械通气，伤后1．5h PLV治疗组给予氟碳，剂量为12mL／kg，伤后3h放血致死动物，取肺组织分别进行光镜和电镜下的组织病理学观察。结果 与对照组比较，PLV治疗组肺组织充血、水肿、中性粒细胞浸润明显减轻，血管内皮细胞和肺泡细胞损伤轻。结论 PLV能减轻吸人性损伤的肺组织损伤，具有抗炎作用。     

丝裂霉素C血管外漏致皮肤溃疡的防护实验

为探讨丝裂霉素Ｃ实验性血管外漏致皮肤溃疡的防护措施，我们以０．１ｍｇ丝裂霉素Ｃ皮下注射ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小鼠后腿部，制成丝裂霉素Ｃ血管外漏性皮肤溃疡模型。在这模型上经８种不同药物或物理措施单独处理后１０天所产生的皮肤溃疡面积与对照组（生理盐水封闭）相比较（经ｔ检验后），差异有显著性的组分别是：外漏后及时用０．１ｍｌ９９％二甲基亚砜局部封闭或加用它在外漏表皮处外涂（Ｐ＜０．００１），０．１ｍｌ５％碳酸氢钠（Ｐ＜０．００１），０．１ｍｌ１％普鲁卡因（内含０．４％地塞米松）（Ｐ＜０．００１），０．１ｍｌ９０％二甲基亚砜（内含１０％维生素Ｅ）外涂（Ｐ＜０．０１）；外漏后半小时用０．１ｍｌ９９％二甲基亚砜封闭所产生的皮肤溃疡面积与对照组相比虽有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），但溃疡防护能力较差。冰水冷敷或０．１ｍｌ１０％硫代硫酸钠（及时封闭）组与对照组相比差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。本研究为临床上丝裂霉素Ｃ血管外漏的防护提供了药物选择的依据，文中还讨论了二甲基亚砜对丝裂霉素Ｃ外漏性皮肤溃疡防护的机理。     

Association of APOA5 c.553G>T polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population.

BACKGROUND: Several independent population studies have reported that c.553G>T polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) is associated with hypertriglyceridaemia. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between this genetic variation and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: In this study, APOA5 c.553G>T polymorphisms in 152 healthy individuals and 71 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and agarose electrophoresis methods, and serum levels of lipids were also estimated by biochemical methods. RESULTS: The frequency of T alleles in the diabetes and control groups was 0.085 and 0.049, respectively. Compared with controls, there was no significant difference in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies of c.553G>T polymorphic sites in diabetic patients (p=0.27 and p=0.15, respectively). However, the frequency of GT and TT genotypes and the T allele in the subgroup with hypertriglyceridaemia was significantly higher than that in the subgroup with normal triglyceridaemia in both the control group (p=0.034 and p=0.014, respectively) and the diabetes group (p=0.037 and p=0.007, respectively). In the diabetes and control groups, triglyceride levels in (GT+TT) genotype individuals were significantly higher than in GG genotype individuals (p=0.001 and p=0.003, respectively), and levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also significantly higher (p=0.044 and p=0.022, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: APOA5 c.553G>T polymorphism is not significantly associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus, but is associated with plasma triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.     

高频部分液体通气对吸入性损伤犬呼吸功的影响

目的　观察高频喷射通气结合小剂量氟碳 (3ml/kg)液体通气对吸入性损伤犬呼吸的功影响。方法　将 16条犬经蒸气吸入造成吸入性损伤模型 ,并随机分为两组 ,即对照组和治疗组。两组动物致伤后均行高频喷射通气 ,但治疗组动物同时经气管导管将氟碳液体 (3ml/kg)缓慢注入肺内 ,在 90min内测机械通气功 (WOBvent)。结果　治疗组在给予小剂量氟碳后的WOBvent与致伤后比较差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,对照组治疗后的WOBvent与致伤后比较差异亦无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,治疗组与对照组各时间点的WOBvent比较差异均无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　高频喷射通气合并小剂量氟碳 (3ml/kg)部分液体通气并不增加动物的呼吸功。     

尿毒症并发上消化道出血24例临床观察

对近几年收住入院的慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）86例，对其中并发上消化道出血24例，从出血诱因、临床表现、胃镜、出血前后功能检查分析。结果发现：恶心呕吐、饮食不节、继发感染是诱发出血的主要原因一出血特点为少量、间歇出现，持续时间长而腹部症状轻微。出血后肾功能急骤恶化，与出血前相比有显著性差异（P＜0．01），是导致死亡的主要原因。     

Fluorescence spectroscopic determination of dipyridamole binding on pancreas-1 tumor cell membrane

BACKGROUND: The traditional method to determine the binding sites of inhibitors bound to nucleoside transporters on cell membrane is the radioactive assay. This method suffers from radiolabel instability and the need to dispose of reactive materials. Fluorescence spectroscopy has been increasingly applied to biochemical analysis due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. We describe fluorescence spectroscopy for the determination of the binding sites of dipyridamole bound to nucleoside transporters on pancreas-1 tumor cell membrane. METHODS: Pancreas-1 tumor cell was cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium under appropriate conditions. The cell plasma membrane was separated from the ultrasonically dissolved cell mixture by gradient centrifugation. After dipyridamole was bound to the cell membrane, the test sample was obtained by ultrasonically dissolving the labeled membrane in 10 mmol/l tris-HCl membrane lysis solution. Under selected experimental conditions, the fluorescence intensity of dipyridamole was determined. RESULTS: At lambda em of 295 nm and lambda em of 485 nm, dipyridamole was proportional to its concentration ranging from 1.0 x 10(-12) to 5.0 x 10(-11) mol/l with a detection limit of 2.8 x 10(-13) mol/l (0.14 pg/ml) at 3sigma. The value of affinity constant of the cell membrane to dipyridamole was 4.7(+/-0.5) x 10(10) l/mol and the average total number of binding sites of a pancreas-1 tumor cell was 1.9(+/-0.2) x 10(6). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method can be used in the study of binding characters of dipyridamole on the cell membrane.     

陕西省世界银行贷款/英国赠款结核病控制项目6年效果分析

目的分析陕西省世界银行贷款/英国赠款结核病控制项目实施6年的效果,为我省结核病防治工作可持续发展提供可参考。方法收集2002—2007年陕西省107个区(县)项目季报表,对全省DOTS策略覆盖率、肺结核可疑症状者就诊率、肺结核患者登记率和治愈率等主要指标进行统计分析。结果全省2002年启动DOTS策略,2005年以县为单位DOTS策略覆盖率达到了100%。2002—2007年,全省接诊肺结核可疑症状者386281例,可疑症状者就诊率逐年增高;发现涂阳肺结核患者61293例,其中新涂阳肺结核患者45123例,新涂阳肺结核登记率平均为20.45/10万,2004—2007年,新涂阳肺结核发现率平均为87.72%。初治涂阳肺结核治愈率平均为90.6%,复治涂阳患者治愈率平均为81.7%。结论该项目促进了DOTS策略的快速扩展,提高了肺结核患者的发现率和治愈率,产生了明显的社会效益和经济效益。     

妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A与OX40配体共同高表达在急性冠状动脉综合征中的临床意义

目的:探讨急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)患者血清妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A(PAPP-A)水平与可溶性OX40配体(sOX40L)及单核细胞表达OX40L水平之间的相关性.方法:应用双抗夹心酶联免疫测定法(ELISA)分别对冠状动脉造影正常对照组(30例)、稳定型心绞痛(SA)组(60例)、不稳定型心绞痛(UA)组(50例)、急性心肌梗死(AMI)组(30例)患者血清PAPP-A及sOX40L水平进行检测,采用流式细胞术检测患者血单核细胞表达OX40L水平.结果:血清sOX40L、PAPP-A水平UA组[(15.7±4.9)μg/L,(25.4±6.8)mg/L]及AMI组[(17.1±5.3)μg/L,(26.3±5.6)mg/L]明显高于SA组[(3.4±1.4)μg/L, (9.6±2.1)mg/L]及对照组[(3.9±1.3) μg/L,(8.5±2.8)mg/L];循环血单核细胞表达OX40L UA组[(25.6±5.5)MFI]及AMI组[(29.4±6.3)MFI]明显较SA组[(10.6±2.8)MFI]及对照组[(11.1±3.5)MFI]高.ACS患者血清PAPP-A水平与sOX40L及单核细胞表达OX40L呈显著正相关(r1=0.54, r2=0.51; P<0.0001);ACS患者血清PAPP-A、sOX40L水平及单核细胞表达OX40L均与冠状动脉复杂狭窄程度呈正相关(r1=0.56, r2=0.55, r3=0.40; P<0.001).结论:ACS患者血清PAPP-A水平与sOX40L及单核细胞表达OX40L相关,二者共同高表达提示冠状动脉斑块不稳定,可能是ACS活动性标志物.