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71.
Manco M Castagneto M Nanni G Guidone C Tondolo V Greco AV Gasbarrini G Mingrone G 《Obesity surgery》2005,15(2):286-289
Background. The HAIR-AN syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder in women, that consists of hyperandrogenism (HA), insulin resistance (IR) and acanthosis nigricans (AN). The IR is likely due to a primary defect of the insulin receptor. Methods: We report the case of a 42-year-old Caucasian
woman with HAIR-AN syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), mild hyperlipemia, and hypertension, who underwent biliopancreatic
diversion (BPD). Results: Within 24 months follow-up after BPD, impaired glucose tolerance, mild hyperlipemia, and hypertension
completely reversed. Although insulin sensitivity, estimated by the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, did not improve, signs
and symptoms of hyperandrogenism and acanthosis nigricans resolved fully. Conclusion: In HAIR-AN syndrome, malabsorptive bariatric
surgery is effective in improving hyperandrogenism and acanthosis nigricans, with noteworthy esthetic consequences. BPD was
followed by disappearance of co-morbidities of the syndrome, such as IGT, hypertension and hyperlipemia. 相似文献
72.
The mechanism of diabetes control after gastrointestinal bypass surgery reveals a role of the proximal small intestine in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
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Rubino F Forgione A Cummings DE Vix M Gnuli D Mingrone G Castagneto M Marescaux J 《Annals of surgery》2006,244(5):741-749
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Most patients who undergo Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) experience rapid resolution of type 2 diabetes. Prior studies indicate that this results from more than gastric restriction and weight loss, implicating the rearranged intestine as a primary mediator. It is unclear, however, if diabetes improves because of enhanced delivery of nutrients to the distal intestine and increased secretion of hindgut signals that improve glucose homeostasis, or because of altered signals from the excluded segment of proximal intestine. We sought to distinguish between these two mechanisms. METHODS: Goto-Kakizaki (GK) type 2 diabetic rats underwent duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB), a stomach-preserving RYGB that excludes the proximal intestine, or a gastrojejunostomy (GJ), which creates a shortcut for ingested nutrients without bypassing any intestine. Controls were pair-fed (PF) sham-operated and untreated GK rats. Rats that had undergone GJ were then reoperated to exclude the proximal intestine; and conversely, duodenal passage was restored in rats that had undergone DJB. Oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), food intake, body weight, and intestinal nutrient absorption were measured. RESULTS: There were no differences in food intake, body weight, or nutrient absorption among surgical groups. DJB-treated rats had markedly better oral glucose tolerance compared with all control groups as shown by lower peak and area-under-the-curve glucose values (P < 0.001 for both). GJ did not affect glucose homeostasis, but exclusion of duodenal nutrient passage in reoperated GJ rats significantly improved glucose tolerance. Conversely, restoration of duodenal passage in DJB rats reestablished impaired glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that bypassing a short segment of proximal intestine directly ameliorates type 2 diabetes, independently of effects on food intake, body weight, malabsorption, or nutrient delivery to the hindgut. These findings suggest that a proximal intestinal bypass could be considered for diabetes treatment and that potentially undiscovered factors from the proximal bowel might contribute to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. 相似文献
73.
L. Rubaltelli R. Stramare A. Tregnaghi E. Scagliori E. Cecchelero M. Mannucci E. Gallinaro V. Beltrame 《Journal of Ultrasound》2009,12(3):93-100
Sonoelastography is an imaging technique that provides information on tissue elasticity. Its use as a diagnostic procedure is based on the premise that pathological processes like cancer alter the physical characteristics of the involved tissue. Ultrasonographic studies of the neck can reveal the nonpalpable thyroid nodules, but the nature of these lesions generally has to be established on the basis of FNAB findings. In our hands, sonoelastography displayed a diagnostic accuracy of 86.2% in identifying thyroid nodule malignancy, with positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of 64% and 94.5%, respectively. In the study of cervical lymph nodes, the results were less impressive (sensitivity 75%, specificity 80%, accuracy 77%, PPV 80%, NPV 70%), but the information obtained with this technique can in our opinion be a useful adjunct to sonographic findings. Indeed, in 5 lymph nodes with sonographic features consistent with malignancy, sonoelastography revealed diffuse elasticity that was indicative of benign disease, which was confirmed by pathological studies. Other nodular lesions of the neck can also be evaluated with sonoelastography, including enlarged parotid glands, but the data in the literature are too limited to allow hypotheses on the role of this imaging modality in this field. Sonoelastography is rapid and simple to perform, and it appears to be a potentially useful tool for the differential diagnosis of neck nodules. This is particularly true of thyroid nodules. Our experience with these lesions indicates that diffuse elasticity is strongly correlated with benign disease. If this finding is confirmed in larger studies, sonoelastography might be used to identify thyroid nodules that do not require immediate biopsy. 相似文献
74.
Rebelos E Muscelli E Natali A Balkau B Mingrone G Piatti P Konrad T Mari A Ferrannini E;RISC Study Investigators 《Diabetes》2011,60(7):1938-1945