深圳市全人口结核病控制实施效果评价

目的　研究深圳市实施包含非户籍人口在内的全人口结核病控制模式。方法 在全人口中推行以发现和彻底治疗传染性肺结核病为主的现代结核病控制和监测策略。结果 从1993年至2001年,登记涂阳肺结核8483例,治愈率96.3%。肺结核疫情明显下降,深圳市户籍人口涂阳患病率下降55.9%,非户籍人口涂阳患病率下降38.6%。结论 实施全人口结核病控制是必要的、可行的和科学的。     

含左氧氟沙星及卷曲霉素方案治疗耐多药肺结核近期疗效分析

目的　观察和评价含左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素联合化疗方案在耐多药肺结核 (MDR PTB)治疗中的疗效。方法　将 177例MDR PTB患者分为治疗组 88例和对照组 89例。化疗方案 :治疗组以左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素为主 ,联合利福喷汀、异烟肼、对氨基水杨酸钠、吡嗪酰胺 ;对照组用链霉素、乙胺丁醇 ,联用药物同治疗组 ,疗程均为 2 1个月。结果　共有 16 1例患者完成化疗疗程 ,治疗组 82例 ,痰菌阴转率 83% ;对照组 79例 ,痰菌阴转率 5 8% ;痰菌阴转率治疗组明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗组病灶显效率 5 0 % ,空洞闭合率 6 3% ,治疗组优于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;治疗组的药物不良反应率为 31% ,对照组为 35 % ,两组比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　含左氧氟沙星和卷曲霉素的方案治疗MDR PTB ,有助于痰菌阴转和病变吸收好转 ,药物不良反应低 ,值得在临床上推广应用     

Analyzing and shaping human attentional networks.

In this paper we outline a conception of attentional networks arising from imaging studies as connections between activated brain areas carrying out localized mental operations. We consider both the areas of functional activation (nodes) and the structural (DTI) and functional connections (DCM) between them in real time (EEG, frequency analysis) as important tools in analyzing the network. The efficiency of network function involves the time course of activation of nodes and their connectivity to other areas of the network. We outline landmarks in the development of brain networks underlying executive attention from infancy and childhood. We use individual differences in network efficiency to examine genetic alleles that are related to performance. We consider how animal studies might be used to determine the genes that influence network development. Finally we indicate how training may aid in enhancing attentional networks. Our goal is to show the wide range of methods that can be used to suggest and analyze models of network function in the study of attention.     

bevacizumab治疗乳腺癌的基础和临床研究

分子靶向药物bevacizumab是针对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的重组人源化单克隆抗体,在多种恶性肿瘤的治疗中显示了临床效果。现就bevacizumab的作用机制及其在乳腺癌治疗中的临床研究进展作一综述。     

庆大霉素对豚鼠前庭上皮IGF-1及其受体表达的影响

目的：研究庆大霉素对豚鼠前庭上皮胰岛素样生长因子-1（insulin-like growth factor-1，IGF-1）及其受体（insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor，EGF-1R）表达的影响，并探讨其生物学特性。方法：采用免疫组织细胞化学方法，以抗IGF-1及IGF-1R抗体为标记物，检测庆大霉素损伤后豚鼠前庭上皮自发修复期IGF-1及IGF-1R的表达变化和分布特点；采用Brdu体内标记和抗Brdu抗体免疫组化染色，检测庆大霉素损伤后豚鼠前庭上皮增殖的变化。结果：IGF-1及IGF-1R在正常成年豚鼠前庭上皮细胞中有低水平表达，庆大霉素损伤后，其表达增多。在1d组IGF-1及IGF-1R表达最强，其后逐渐减少。在正常对照组中无Brdu阳性细胞。各实验组均观察到Brdu阳性细胞，7d组最多。结论：庆大霉素损伤后，豚鼠前庭上皮IGF-1及IGF-1R表达增强，其时程变化与细胞增殖活动密切相关。IGF-1在豚鼠前庭上皮损伤后的细胞增殖中可能起重要信号转导作用。     

缺血再灌注脑组织病理形态及脂质过氧化的动态观察

目的:探讨缺血再灌注脑组织病理形态及丙二醛含量变化的关系.方法:阻断双侧颈总动脉和椎动脉结合低血压法复制兔脑完全性缺血再灌注模型,观察心脉龙对脑组织病理形态变化及脂质过氧化的影响.结果:心脉龙能抑制膜脂质过氧化作用,且缺血再灌注脑组织丙二醛含量变化与其病理形态改变具有一致性.结论:动态观察血液丙二醛,可作为评价脑缺血性疾病治疗和预后的检测指标.     

Determination of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

We report a reliable method for determining DOPA levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The method is based on complete conversion of DOPA to dopamine and quantification by HPLC-ECD of the dopamine formed. Lower limit of detection was 0.5 nmol/l. No differences in plasma DOPA levels were found between normal children (0-15 yr, n = 60), normal adults (n = 39) and patients with essential hypertension (n = 40) or Parkinson's disease (no DOPA therapy, n = 30). In normal individuals and in patients with essential hypertension venous plasma levels were higher than arterial levels (10.2 vs 9.3 nmol/l, p less than 0.001, V/A ratio 1.11 (SD 0.08), n = 15). Sympathetic stimuli (standing, tilting, bicycle exercise, tyramine) did not influence DOPA levels. In untreated depressed patients (n = 10) and in non-parkinsonian neurological patients (n = 12) cerebrospinal fluid levels of DOPA were 4.5 (SD 2.4) and 5.2 (SD 1.3) nmol/l respectively. A direct method for the measurement of DOPA by HPLC-ECD after deproteinization of plasma is also described and compared with the conversion method. Good agreement was found when plasma DOPA levels exceeded 0.25 mumol/l (y(conversion method) = 0.943x (direct method) + 0.118; n = 60; r = 0.985). The direct method, because of greater simplicity and the possibility of simultaneous measurement of the DOPA metabolite 3-O-methyldopa, is the method of choice with plasma samples from DOPA-treated patients. In non-DOPA treated individuals the conversion method is superior and has proved to be an accurate and sensitive method for the determination of DOPA levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.