Author Keywords: Event-related potentials; females; menstrual cycle 相似文献
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OBJECTIVES: Clinical trials and community-based studies often include the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) as a measure of depression outcome. We compared responses to symptom-related items on the CES-D by depressed stroke and primary-care patients for several purposes: 1) to illustrate the use of Item Response Theory (IRT)-based (Rasch) models for comparing scale functioning across different patient subgroups; and 2) to inform clinicians and outcome researchers about scale functioning and depressive symptomatology in stroke- compared with primary care-based depression. METHODS: Two data sources were analyzed, including 32 depressed patients who were 3 months poststroke, and 366 depressed primary-care patients. Presence of depression was based on a CES-D score 16 or higher. Rasch models were used to assess item fit and compare item hierarchies between depressed primary-care and stroke patients. RESULTS: Item hierarchies were similar for poststroke depression and primary care-based depression. Interpersonal disruption items were the most difficult to endorse for both groups. No items misfit the scale in primary-care depression. Items relating to restless sleep, unfriendliness, and crying slightly misfit the scale in stroke patients, that is, may measure a different trait. Differential item functioning (DIF) between the groups was identified for items relating to appetite, restless sleep, crying, and feeling disliked. CONCLUSIONS: Results generally supported the use of the CES-D as measure of depression outcome, particularly in primary care-based depression. DIF may imply that slightly different clusters of depressive symptoms are reported by depressed stroke patients compared with primary care, but this is conjectural given the small stroke sample size and the same items have been previously associated with bias in studies of large nonstroke samples. This study found Rasch models to be useful tools to investigate scale performance for different clinical applications. 相似文献
83.
Vibrio vulnificus Septicemia After Handling Tilapia Species Fish: A Canadian Case Report and Review.
Donald C Vinh Samira Mubareka Bunmi Fatoye Pierre Plourde Pamela Orr 《The Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases & Medical Microbiology》2006,17(2):129-132
BACKGROUND: Vibrio vulnificus can cause a necrotizing soft tissue infection or primary septicemia; these infections are collectively known as vibriosis. This bacterium is commonly found within molluscan shellfish. Primary septicemia is often fatal, principally affecting persons with chronic liver disease. CASE PRESENTATION: A fatal case of V vulnificus sepsis that developed in a patient with chronic hepatitis B and chronic renal failure is reported. Diagnosis was made by isolation of the pathogen by blood culture. Upon further questioning, the patient's family recounted that the patient had handled and ingested Tilapia species fish in the hours preceding the patient's presentation. Despite treatment with doxycycline and cefotaxime, in conjunction with supportive care in the intensive care unit, the patient died on day 7 from multiple organ dysfunction. CONCLUSION: The present case highlights the need to consider V vulnificus in the microbiological differential diagnosis when a person presents with sepsis and bullous cutaneous lesions. The importance of educating patients with liver disease (and certain other chronic diseases) about the need to be cautious when handling or consuming seafood is underscored. 相似文献
84.
David Salonen M.D. FRCP Donald Resnick M.D. Sabina M. Valentine 《Skeletal radiology》1994,23(6):454-454
85.
Factors associated with hypertension in Nigerian civil servants 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Clareann H. Bunker Ph.D. Flora A. Ukoli M.B.B.S. Martin U. Nwankwo M.B.B.S. Jackson A. Omene M.D. Glenn W. Currier M.D. Linda Holifield-Kennedy Donald T. Freeman Emanuel N. Vergis M.D. Lan Lan L. Yeh Ph.D. Lewis H. Kuller M.D. Dr.P.H. 《Preventive medicine》1992,21(6):710-722
BACKGROUND. Study of hypertension in segments of West African populations in transition toward Westernization may lead to better understanding of the high risk for hypertension among Westernized blacks. METHODS. Five hundred fifty-nine urban civil servants, ages 25-54, were recruited from six ministries of Bendel State, Nigeria. Blood pressure, physical measurements, urinary protein and glucose, fasting blood glucose, and demographic data were collected at the workplace. Subjects were classified as senior staff (professionals or administrators) or junior staff (non-administrators). RESULTS. Among 172 male senior staff, the age-adjusted rate of hypertension (diastolic blood pressure > or = 90 mm Hg, systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mm Hg, or on an antihypertensive medication) was 43% and occurrence rose dramatically from 21 to 63% across age groups 25-34 to 45-54, respectively. Among 266 male junior staff, the age-adjusted rate of hypertension was 23%, and occurrence did not rise with age. Logistic regression showed that body mass index (kg/m2), age, alcohol drinking, and being senior staff were all independently related to hypertension in men. On the other hand, the age-adjusted rate of hypertension in 121 women was 20% and was significantly related only to body mass index. CONCLUSION. Male urban civil servants appeared to have a risk for hypertension similar to that of U.S. black males. Age, body mass index, alcohol drinking, and other unidentified factors related to higher socioeconomic status were strong determinants of hypertension in this population. 相似文献
86.
Nancy Kluck Sean O'Connor Victor Hesselbrock Allan Tasman Donald Maier Lance Bauer 《Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry》1992,16(6):901-911
Nancy Kluck, Scan J. O'Connor, Victor M. Hesselbrock, Allan Tasman and Donald Maier, Lance Bauer: Variation in Evoked Potential Measures Over the Menstrual Cycle: A Pilot Study. Prog. Neuro. Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiat. 1992. 16(6): 901–911.
1. 1. The P3 component of a visual event related potential (ERP) was studied for five consecutive weeks in six women with normal menstrual cycles. Serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone were studied during the same period.
2. 2. Increases in P3 amplitude, although nonsignificant, were noted in the week preceding onset of menses.
3. 3. No significant changes in reaction times to target/nontarget stimuli were noted over the same time period.
87.
88.
89.
Donald R Murphy 《The spine journal》2006,6(4):459-463
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Spinal manipulation applied to the cervical spine is a relatively safe and effective treatment for neck pain and headache. However, complications of this form of treatment have been reported and these can at times be disabling and on rare occasions can be devastating. A postmanipulation complication being treated with a different form of manipulation has not previously been reported. PURPOSE: To report a case of a patient who was treated with manipulation and who developed neck, scapular, and arm pain and arm numbness after the sixth visit, which was later attributed to three herniated discs. The patient was subsequently treated with a nonsurgical approach that included, but was not limited to, a different form of manipulation with apparent resolution of the problem. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: The patient was a 38-year-old banker who began seeing a chiropractic physician for treatment that included cervical manipulation. On the sixth visit, he developed pain immediately after treatment which became severe and was accompanied by numbness in his arm. He saw a neurosurgeon who recommended surgery, but was subsequently seen by a different chiropractic physician and was treated nonsurgically. METHODS: The patient was found to have clinical signs of radiculopathy, including motor loss. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed disc herniations at C3-C4, C4-C5, and C5-C6. RESULTS: The patient was treated by the author with an alternate approach that included non-high-velocity, low-amplitude manipulation and exercise with resolution of the problem. CONCLUSION: This paper reports a case of a patient with radiculopathy secondary to multilevel disc herniations that appeared to be precipitated by cervical manipulation and who was treated nonsurgically with resolution of the problem. It is doubtful that the manipulation actually caused the disc herniations, but it is possible that it caused preexisting asymptomatic disc herniations to become symptomatic. Consideration should be given to nonsurgical referral of patients who have postmanipulative complications but do not need immediate surgery. 相似文献
90.
Heroin use is postulated to act as a cofactor in the neuropathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Astrocytes, integral components of the CNS, are reported to be susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Upon activation, astrocytes release a number of immunoregulatory products or modulate the expression of a number of proteins that foster the immunopathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. However, the role of heroin on HIV-1 infectivity and the expression of the proteome of normal human astrocytes (NHA) have not been elucidated. We hypothesize that heroin modulates the expression of a number of proteins by NHA that foster the neuoropathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. We utilized LTR amplification and the p24 antigen assay to quantitate the effect of heroin on HIV-1 infectivity while difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) combined with protein identification through high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to analyze the effects of heroin on the proteomic profile of NHA. Results demonstrate that heroin potentiates HIV-1 replication in NHA. Furthermore, heroin significantly increased protein expression levels for protein kinase C (PKC), reticulocalbin 1 precursor, reticulocalbin 1, tyrosine 3-monooxgenase/tryptophan 5-monooxgenase activation protein, chloride intracellular channel 1, cathepsin D preproprotein, galectin 1 and myosin light chain alkali. Heroin also significantly decreased protein expression for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, proteasome beta 6 subunit, tropomyosin 3, laminin receptor 1, tubulin alpha 6, vimentin, EF hand domain family member D2, Tumor protein D54 (hD54), ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex and ribosomal protein S14. Identification of unique, heroin-induced proteins may help to develop novel markers for diagnostic, preventative and therapeutic targeting in heroin using subjects. 相似文献