Therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell on Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in a rat model by modulating Th17/Treg cell balance

Abstract

The autoimmune condition Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is a disease wherein lymphocytes mediate the autoimmune damage and destruction of the thyroid gland. There are currently no effective means of treating HT, with the primary strategies of thyroid hormone therapy, surgery, or immunomodulatory therapy being associated with serious risks and side effects. There is thus a clear and urgent need to identify novel treatments for HT. In this study, we utilize female SD rats induced HT to evaluated the ability of transplanted MSCs to regulate Th17/Treg interactions in a rat Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) model system. The results showed that Rats in the HT model group exhibited increased thyroid autoantibody levels consistent with successful model development, whereas these levels were lower in rats treated with MSCs. There were also fewer thyroid lesions and less lymphoid infiltration of the thyroid in MSC-treated rats relative to HT model rats, as well as fewer Th17 cells and more Treg cells – an observation consistent with the cytokine analyses. All of these showed that MSCs can regulate Th17/Treg interactions in a rat Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) model system. It suggested that transplanted MSCs could be a potential immunotherapy strategy for the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.     

Claims in total hip arthroplasty: analysis of the instigating factors,costs and possible solution

Over the years, the number of total hip replacements has been steadily increasing. Despite the improvement in surgical results, the number of claims for malpractice is higher. The primary endpoint of this work is to provide an analysis of litigation after hip replacement, to outline what are the instigating causes and costs. The secondary endpoint is to propose a possible preventive strategy for an improved care and a reduction in legal proceedings. The data of this study were collected from medical and legal files and from professional liability insurance of our institution from January 2005 to December 2016. Out of a total of 4770 THA, 40 claims were received. Peripheral nerve injuries represent the first cause of litigation (37%), followed by infectious complications, leg length discrepancy, metallosis, dislocations of the implant and a case of deep vein thrombosis. From the analysis of the past trial judgment, complications such as nerve lesions and infections are almost always recognized, as a medical error, with a high percentage of claims settled. This study shows the necessity of preventive strategies to reduce the higher number of claims for malpractice in total hip arthroplasty. Some complications such as nerve injuries and infection are frequently considered directly dependent on physician’s errors. Litigations can be reduced providing evidence of a diligent execution of the surgical procedure and of a proper postoperative management: the correct compilation of a specific informed consent and adequate doctor–patient communication.     

SWIM技术治疗后循环大血管闭塞所致急性缺血性卒中的有效性和安全性观察

目的 观察SWIM技术治疗后循环大血管闭塞所致急性缺血性卒中的有效性及安全性。 方法 回顾性分析2017年2月-2018年11月于大连市中心医院采用SWIM技术治疗的后循环大血管闭 塞所致急性缺血性卒中患者的临床资料，评价该技术的疗效和安全性，并分析影响患者预后的因素。 观察指标为术后即刻成功再通（mTICI≥2b）、90 d良好预后（mRS评分≤2分），以及术后24 h任何颅内 出血、90 d全因死亡。 结果 共纳入35例患者，平均年龄66.1±12.1岁，男性26例（74.3%），基线NIHSS评分22（15～34）分。 术后即刻成功再通率为94.3%（33/35），90 d良好预后率为45.7%（16/35），24 h颅内出血率为17.1% （6/35），90 d全因死亡率为37.1%（13/35）。单因素分析显示，基线NIHSS评分较低（P =0.001）、基 线后循环ASPECTS评分较高（P =0.016）、发病至到院时间较短（P =0.039）、发病至再通时间较短 （P =0.047）、血管成功再通率较高（P =0.036）以及饮酒比例较低（P =0.042）与良好预后相关。 结论 使用SWIM技术治疗后循环急性缺血性卒中相对安全、有效。     

Classification and cyclic fatigue evaluation of new kinematics for endodontic instruments

This study evaluated the effect of new motions of the motor TriAuto ZX2 on the cyclic fatigue of endodontic instruments. Vortex Blue 35.06 instruments were divided into four groups (n = 10) and tested for fatigue in a curved artificial canal (90° and 2 mm radius) using the following motions: continuous rotation (CR), Optimum Torque Reverse (OTR) set at 180° and the Optimum Glide Path (OGP), which was tested at 90° and 240°. The time to fracture (TTF) and the lengths of the fractured fragments were recorded. The mean TTF was significantly different among the groups (anova , P < 0.05): OGP 90° (213.39 ± 27.45), OTR 180° (121.24 ± 17.03), OGP 240° (45.24 ± 5.61) and CR (8.43 ± 1.27). Weibull analysis confirmed the shortest life expectancy for CR and the longest survival for OGP at 90°. The resistance to fatigue was affected by motions and pre‐set angles. The proprietary movements that are currently available for endodontic instruments were classified according to their kinematics.     

后Pilon骨折的诊治现状与进展

后Pilon骨折是一种新近报道的Pilon骨折的特殊模式,其特征是累及后外踝和后内踝.在过去由于后Pilon骨折没有得到充分的认识,常被误诊为后踝骨折,也导致这类患者功能恢复不良.因此是否能作出正确诊断至关重要,只有熟悉后Pilon骨折的各种影像学特征并了解合并损伤的机制,才能及时、准确地诊断后Pilon骨折,并改进这种具有挑战性骨折的术前计划和临床结果.本文着重介绍了后Pilon骨折的损伤机制,现有的分类方案,并讨论了目前使用的各种手术方法.     

颗粒松质骨压紧植骨全髋关节置换术治疗创伤性髋关节炎的疗效

目的探讨颗粒松质骨压紧植骨全髋关节置换术(THA)治疗髋臼骨折继发创伤性髋关节炎的疗效。方法1998年12月-2005年5月,对15例髋臼骨折继发创伤性髋关节炎患者行颗粒松质骨压紧植骨THA,所有患者髋臼假体均采用骨水泥固定,颗粒骨均取自体骨,术后24h后开始被动活动,3个月后开始全负重锻炼。临床随访采用Harris髋关节评分(HSS)系统评分,对任何原因引起髋臼假体翻修均视为临床失败。根据Conn等影像学评价法观察颗粒骨长人情况,根据DeLee的三区法测量臼杯、骨水泥与移植骨间的界面宽度,臼杯的移位程度则依据其相对于泪点间线的距离而定。结果14例患者获得平均4．3年(1．0-7．5年)随访,HHS评分由术前平均42分(10-62分)提高到随访结束时平均84分(58-98分)。1例髋部有轻度疼痛,无患者行翻修手术。大部分髋部恢复了其正常的旋转中心,仅有2例高出对侧0．8 mm。大多数患者影像学表现稳定,2例在Ⅰ区和Ⅲ区出现进行性增宽的透亮带,1例在Ⅲ区出现非进行性增宽的透亮带。1例臼杯假体在术后7年出现明显移位(6 mm),但并没有行翻修手术。结论颗粒骨压紧植骨技术作为一种生物学髋臼重建方法,其联合THA治疗髋臼骨折后继发创伤性关节炎伴髋臼缺损的疗效令人满意,能够恢复髋关节的正常解剖和功能活动。     

A rapid and reliable procedure to localize subdural electrodes in presurgical evaluation of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a novel method for localization of subdural electrodes in presurgical assessment of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy. METHODS: We studied eight consecutive patients with posterior epilepsy in whom subdural electrodes were implanted for presurgical evaluation. Electrodes were detected on post-implantation brain CT scans through a semiautomated procedure based on a MATLAB routine. Then, post-implantation CT scans were fused with pre-implantation MRI to localize the electrodes in relation to the underlying cortical structures. The reliability of this procedure was tested by comparing 3D-rendered MR images of the electrodes with electrode position as determined by intraoperative digital photography. RESULTS: In each patient, all electrodes could be correctly localized and visualized in a stereotactic space, thus allowing optimal surgery planning. The agreement between the procedure-generated images and the digital photographs was good according to two independent raters. The mean mismatch between the 3D images and the photographs was 2 mm. CONCLUSIONS: While our findings need confirmation on larger samples including patients with anterior epilepsy, this procedure allowed to localize subdural electrodes and to establish the spatial relationship of each electrode to the underlying brain structure, either normal or damaged, on brain convessity, basal and medial cortex. SIGNIFICANCE: Being simple, rapid, unexpensive, and reliable, this procedure holds promise to be useful to optimize epilepsy surgery planning.     

Sensitive skin: correlation with skin surface microrelief appearance

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Sensitive skin is a condition associated with reduced tolerance to environmental factors and/or the application of topical products, such as cosmetics. Its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated and few data are available on its prevalence. The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlation between objective sensitivity and skin surface microrelief. METHODS: During an epidemiological survey conducted for a campaign promoted by International Society of Plastic Dermatology in Italy, 243 adult healthy subjects of both sexes with no evident dermatological disorder but positive to the lactic acid stinging test, were submitted to cyanoacrylate stratum corneum stripping from the volar forearm for the determination of the irregularity of the skin surface microrelief (irregularity skin index (ISI)). RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between intensity of symptoms in stingers and ISI (r(s)=-0.47; P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Sensitive skin is common in the healthy population. ISI can contribute towards the identification of subjects with sensitive skin and the development of more specific skin treatments for this prevalent condition.