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991.
992.
Karatas E Aud MD Baglam T Durucu C Baysal E Kanlikama M 《International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology》2011,75(9):1123-1126
Objectives
To study the best electrically stimulation in cochlear implant surgery with round window (RW) and Promontory cochleostomy approaches with electrically evoked stapedius reflex thresholds (ESRT) intraoperatively.Methods
Thirty-nine children underwent CI surgery were included for this study. The surgical procedures consisted of RW and Promontory cochleostomy. ESRT for each 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th electrodes (E) were determined. Statistical evaluation was done for the comparison of the thresholds and duration times for both groups.Results
The duration times of ESRT for E1, E3, E6 and E12 electrodes was shorter in RW group compared with the Promontory group (p < 0.05). The statistical evaluation of ESRT measurements of E1, E3, E6 found p < 0.001 and E12 electrode p < 0.05 in RW group. ESRT measurements were recorded at lower threshold in the RW group compared with the Promontory group.Conclusion
The duration of electrically stimulation thresholds were shorter in RW group. ESRT measurements were recorded at lower threshold in the RW group compared with the Promontory group. RW insertion offers best electrically stimulation relative to electrode insertion via a promontory cochleostomy. 相似文献993.
994.
Güleç AT Demirbilek M Seçkin D Can F Saray Y Sarifakioglu E Haberal M 《Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology》2003,49(2):187-192
BACKGROUND: Renal transplant recipients are predisposed to superficial fungal infections caused by graft-preserving immunosuppressive therapy. Reports have documented a wide range of prevalence rates for superficial fungal infections in this patient group. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical and mycological features of superficial fungal infections in renal transplant recipients at our center. METHODS: One hundred two consecutively registered renal transplant recipients (34 women, 68 men) and 88 healthy age- and sex-matched persons acting as controls (30 women, 58 men) underwent screening for the presence of superficial fungal infection. Skin scrapings and swabs were obtained from the dorsum of the tongue, upper part of the back, toe webs, and any suspicious lesions. Nail clippings were also collected. All samples were examined by direct microscopy and were stained with calcofluor white. The samples were cultured in Sabouraud dextrose agar, mycobiotic agar, and dermatophyte test medium. Candida species were identified on the basis of germ-tube production, spore formation in cornmeal agar, and results of biochemical testing. Dermatophytes were identified on the basis of colonial and microscopic morphologic features in conjunction with results of physiologic evaluation (in vitro hair perforation test, urease activity, temperature tolerance test, and nutritional test). RESULTS: Sixty-five (63.7%) of the 102 renal transplant recipients had cutaneous-oral candidiasis, dermatophytosis, or pityriasis versicolor, whereas only 27 (30.7%) of controls had fungal infection. Pityriasis versicolor was the most common fungal infection in the patient group (36.3%), followed by cutaneous-oral candidiasis (25.5%), onychomycosis (12.7%), and fungal toe-web infection (11.8%). Pityriasis versicolor and oral candidiasis were significantly more common among the renal transplant recipients, whereas the frequency of dermatophytosis in patients and controls was similar. Candida albicans was the main agent responsible for oral candidiasis, and Trichophyton rubrum was the most common dermatophyte isolated. Analysis showed that age, sex, and duration of immunosuppression did not significantly affect the prevalence of superficial fungal infection. Cyclosporine treatment and azathioprine therapy were identified as independent risk factors for superficial fungal disease. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of opportunistic infections with Pityrosporum ovale and C albicans is increased among renal transplant recipients, probably owing to the immunosuppressed state of this patient population. However, renal transplant recipients are not at increased risk of dermatophytosis. 相似文献
995.
Taşcilar ME Bilir P Akinci A Köse K Akçora D Inceoğlu D Fitöz SO 《The Turkish journal of pediatrics》2011,53(1):27-33
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) therapy is used in idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) worldwide. It has also been shown that during this therapy, body mass index (BMI) increases slightly as a side effect. We investigated the side effects of GnRHa treatment in ICPP on body composition and insulin resistance (IR). Twenty girls (7.55 +/- 1.02 y) with ICPP were treated with GnRHa (leuprolide) for an average of 20.83 +/- 4.8 months. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) was used to measure the body's fat balance. Nine patients out of 20 (45%) had significant gain weight. We showed a significant elevation in trunk fat mass compare to baseline values (p < 0.01). These nine patients had high homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR and low glucose/insulin (G/I) index. This study showed a slight increase in BMI, moderate increase in total body fat, and exaggerated elevation in trunk fat mass and IR in GnRHa-treated ICPP children. 相似文献
996.
Gunes T Akin MA Canoz O Coban D Ozcan B Kose M Ozturk MA Kurtoglu S 《European journal of pediatrics》2011,170(10):1257-1262
There have been several studies confirming an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and low birth weight.
The detrimental effect of nicotine exposure beginning in fetal life continues during lactation, in infancy and in the early
childhood period. In our previous studies, we found increased aortic intima–media thickness (aIMT) as a preatherosclerotic
lesion in neonates with intrauterine growth restriction and in infants of smoking mothers. We aimed to evaluate histopathologically
the effect of nicotine exposure during pregnancy and lactation period on fetal growth and aIMT at postnatal 45 days of age
(end of the mid-adolescent period) in rat pups living in the same conditions. Gravid rats were assigned into three groups.
In nicotine A, pregnant rats received 6 mg/kg/day nicotine intraperitoneally during pregnancy from 1 to 21 days of gestation
and lactation (until postnatal day 21). Nicotine B received 3 mg/kg/day nicotine for the same period. Control pregnant rats
received only saline intraperitoneally. Abdominal aIMT was studied histopathologically at postnatal 45 days of age. Nicotine
exposure resulted in decreased birth weight and pregnancy weight gain. The mean aIMT values of the rat pups exposed to nicotine
in both nicotine A and B groups were higher than those of the control group (103.78 ± 21.33 μm, 99.11 ± 30.12 μm, and 62.56 ± 7.18 μm,
respectively). In conclusion, the detrimental effect on birth weight of nicotine exposure that began in fetal life is dose
dependent. Nicotine exposure during intrauterine life and the lactation period causes increased aIMT in rat pups. 相似文献
997.
998.
Yildiran A Yurdakul E Guloglu D Dogu F Arsan S Arikan M Cengiz L Tezcan S Ikinciogullari A 《Indian journal of pediatrics》2011,78(10):1234-1238
Objective
To evaluate whether the mode of delivery (vaginal versus C-section) influences the levels of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg cells in cord blood and maternal peripheral blood and also to examine its relationship with plasma cortisol levels. 相似文献999.
Objective
To evaluate genetic variations of innate immune system such as mannose binding lectin (MBL), Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), CD14, LY96 (MD2) and Uroplakin 1B (UPK1B) genes in children with recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). 相似文献1000.