阿立哌唑治疗难治性精神分裂症的疗效观察

目的观察阿立哌唑治疗难治性精神分裂症的疗效及不良反应。方法48例难治性精神分裂症患者,随机分为两组,分别给予阿立哌唑与氯氮平治疗,疗程8周。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果阿立哌唑组显效率为65．4%,氯氮平组显效率为68．2%。氯氮平药物副反应明显高于阿立哌唑组。结论对难治性精神分裂症阿立哌唑疗效与氯氮平相似,但副反应少。     

万东程控X线机透视电路分析与故障检修

本文就万东程控X线机一例特殊透视故障，系统分析了整机透视电路工作信号流程，并利用机器服务程序和各已知测量点波形综合分析、判断故障点。排除故障。讨论了在处理一些没有显示故障代码的情况下进行检修的一般思路。     

Patient readiness for return to home: Discord between expectations and reality

This study examined the interface between acute hospital care and return to home in relation to elderly patients' perceived ability and preparedness to cope at home. Seventy-six (n = 76) elderly patients aged 60 years and over were randomly recruited from a large Queensland hospital and interviewed prior to discharge about their perceived health, functional status and their ‘readiness’ to cope at home. They were followed up at home 7–10 days post-discharge. Comparisons were made between a number of measures at discharge and post-discharge. Although the majority of patients indicated that they would cope very well upon discharge, a large number of patients reported experiencing considerable difficulty with activities of daily living, particularly instrumental activities of daily living prior to and especially after discharge. The self-reported health status of patients similarly deteriorated between discharge and follow-up. Despite a large number of patients experiencing functional limitations, few were referred to hospital or community-based therapy services. Some policy implications are explored.     

Evaluation of the influence of the aqueous phase bioconstituent environment on the F-19 T1 of perfluorocarbon blood substitute emulsions

Oxygen-sensitive F-19 magnetic resonance imaging of perfluorocarbon compounds requires that fluorocarbon T1 changes correlate with the local Po₂ and not with the composition of the surrounding aqueous phase. The influence of various bioconstituents and paramagnetic ions within the aqueous phase on the F-19 fluorocarbon phase T1 for PFC emulsions was evaluated at 0.14 and 0.66 T. T1 was measured for FC-43, perflubron, and a fluorinated surfactant. Controlled variables introduced in the aqueous phase included annex solution constituents, blood, pH changes, and Gd-DTPA. For a constant Po₂, the F-19 T1s were independent of the emulsion constituents, blood concentration, and pH. For FC-43 and perflubron, F-19 T1 was independent of the Gd-DTPA concentration, while the aqueous phase T1 decreased by more than an order of magnitude. XMO-10 (smallest emulsion particle size) showed a slight decrease in F-19 T1 with increasing Gd-DTPA concentration at 0.66 T.     

Ocular autonomic function in progressive autonomic failure

Ocular autonomic function was assessed in 4 patients with progressive autonomic failure (PAF) and age-matched control subjects, by measurement of the pupil cycle time, and determination of autonomic denervation hypersensitivity of the iris. Pupil cycle time was abnormal in all patients with PAF; sustained pupil cycling was absent in 5 of the 8 eyes tested of the PAF patients, compared with only 16 eyes from 70 control subjects. Pupil constriction in response to 2.5% methacholine, indicative of parasympathetic denervation hypersensitivity, was significantly increased in patients with PAF (p < 0.001), whilst pupil dilation in response to 0.5% phenylephrine, indicative of sympathetic denervation hypersensitivity, was also significantly higher in the PAF patients (p < 0.001). The results suggest that ocular autonomic function may provide a sensitive early indicator of generalised autonomic dysfunction.     

The binding of blood-borne estrogens in normal vegetarian and omnivorous women and the risk of breast cancer

Serial blood samples were taken at two-hour intervals over a 24-hour period from 25 premenopausal vegetarians (12 vegans and 13 ovolactovegetarians) and from 21 omnivorous controls. All members of the former group had been on a vegetarian diet for a minimum of three years. The mean proportion of estradiol unbound to blood proteins was similar in both vegetarians (1.26%) and meat eaters (1.16%). However, the amount bound to albumin was significantly raised in vegetarians (50.1% vs. 43.1%, p less than 0.009), whereas that bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was correspondingly lower (48.7% vs. 55.8%, p = 0.01). Mean levels of SHBG were similar in vegetarians (59.9 nmole/l) and omnivores (62.0 nmole/l), as was the total amount of free fatty acid (0.42 mmole/l for both). Within the vegetarian group, no differences were detected between vegans and ovolactovegetarians.     

Analogical Reasoning Abilities of Recovering Alcoholics

This study investigated analogical reasoning abilities of alcoholics who had been abstinent from alcohol for at least 1 year. Their performance was compared to that of nonalcoholic controls matched as a group for education, age, and gender. Solution times and error rates were modeled using a regression model. Results showed a nonsignificant trend for alcoholics to be faster, but more error prone, than controls. The same componential model applied to both groups, and fit them equally well. Although differences have been found in analogical reasoning ability between controls and alcoholics immediately following detoxification, we find no evidence of differences after extended periods of sobriety.     

1,2-环己二胺柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)及异柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)的合成和抗癌活性

报道了1,2-环己二胺异柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)及1,2-环己二胺柠檬酸铂(Ⅱ)的合成及鉴定方法。抗癌试验表明前者在40及80mg/kg 剂量下对小鼠 L1210、P388及S180均有明显的抑瘤作用,且有部分动物可治愈;后者对 L1210也有明显的抑瘤作用,但较前者为弱。