STRESS FRACTURES: EFFECT OF PRIOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY,SPORTS PARTICIPATION AND MILITARY TRAINING

A study was carried out to find out the effects of prior physical activity, sports participation and prior military training on the incidence of stress fractures among Gentlemen Cadets (GC''s) undergoing military training at Indian Military Academy (IMA). One thousand and fourteen GC''s were followed up for a period of 12 weeks. Thirty-seven GC''s developed stress fractures during the study period. The incidence of stress fractures was significantly higher in GC''s without any prior military training (p=0.0009). They were compared with 100 healthy controls drawn from the study population to study the influence of the other mentioned factors. There was no significant association between prior physical activity and stress fractures (OR=0.74, 95% CL=0.26 to 2.05, p=0.688). There was also no significant relationship between sports participation and stress fractures (OR=0.79. 95% CCL=0.35 to 1.81, p=0.684).KEY WORDS: Risk factors, Stress fractures     

The reliability of catheter-tip transducers for the measurement of intrauterine pressure in the third stage of labour

In order to assess the reliability of intrauterine pressure measurements in the third stage of labour, catheter-tip transducers were used in 20 women randomly allocated into two groups of 10. In each case in the first group two catheters were tied together and introduced transcervically into the uterine cavity after delivery of the placenta. In each case in the second group two catheters were inserted independently into the same uterine cavity. The active and cumulative active pressures recorded from the pairs of catheters within each uterine cavity were compared. Comparison of individual active pressure readings from separate transducers revealed good agreement whether the catheters were tied together or were seperate. Cumulative active pressure was very similar when assessed by each catheter in the same uterus. Intrauterine catheter-tip transducers can be used reliably to measure uterine activity in the third stage of labour although there may be minor contraction by contraction differences in recordings of individual active pressures.     

安国地产黄芪及混淆品种子的蛋白质电泳鉴别

目的：鉴定安国地产黄芪及混淆品种子。方法：对种子蛋白质进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析。结果：4种种子的蛋白质电泳图谱具有明显差异。结论：该方法可用于安国地产黄芪及混淆品的种子鉴别。     

The screening for active ingredient against morphine -induced Physical dependence in Salvia miltiorrhiza and its preliminary mechanism

The root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge has been used widely in China to treat coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, neurasthenic insomnia and other diseases. It has many kinds of pharmacological effects with low toxicity. Therefore, the study on the function of Salvia miltiorrhiza has become one of the hottest fields in the world. As is shown in our early studies, Salvia miltiorrhiza can attenuate the withdrawal symptoms precipitated by naloxone in morphine-dependent mice.     

A comparison of patient-controlled epidural analgesia following gynaecological surgery with and without a background infusion

We conducted a randomised, controlled study to investigate the effect of adding a background infusion to patient-controlled epidural analgesia for postoperative pain relief. Forty-two patients scheduled for elective lower abdominal gynaecological surgery received patient-controlled epidural analgesia postoperatively using a mixture of 0.2% ropivacaine and 2.0 microg x ml-1 fentanyl. Patients in group B (n = 20) were given a background infusion of 5 ml x h-1, whereas those in group N (n = 21) were not. There was no difference in pain scores or patient satisfaction scores between the two groups. Patients in group B had a higher total drug consumption (156.8 +/- 34.8 ml vs. 89.5 +/- 41.0 ml; p < 0.0001) and incidence of side-effects (71.4% vs. 30.0%; p = 0.007). Motor blockade during the 24-h study period was also greater in group B (median [range] area under the curve 7.5 [0.0-39.0] h vs. 3.0 [0.0-36.0] h; p = 0.035). We conclude that the addition of a background infusion to patient-controlled epidural anaesthesia is not recommended as it confers no additional benefits.     

The effect of the addition of ropivacaine or bupivacaine upon pruritus induced by intrathecal fentanyl in labour

Sixty patients in early labour were randomly allocated to one of three groups. The control group received intrathecal fentanyl 25 microg, the ropivacaine group received intrathecal fentanyl 25 microg and ropivacaine 2.5 mg while the bupivacaine group received intrathecal fentanyl 25 microg and bupivacaine 2.5 mg. The incidence of pruritus was 100% in controls, compared with 85% in the ropivacaine group (not significant) and 75% in the bupivacaine group (p = 0.003). The severity of pruritus was significantly less in the ropivacaine (p = 0.006) and bupivacaine (p = 0.001) groups. Most patients developed pruritus by 30 min. Pruritus above the abdomen was not reduced in patients receiving local anaesthetics. There were no significant differences in the mean pain visual analogue score, systolic blood pressure, maternal heart rate and upper level of reduced pin-prick sensation in the first 30 min. Intrathecal ropivacaine and, more so, intrathecal bupivacaine reduce the incidence and severity of pruritus from intrathecal fentanyl for labour analgesia.     

p,p′-DDE对离体培养的大鼠睾丸支持细胞MAPK通路的影响

目的　研究p ,p′ DDE对离体培养大鼠睾丸支持细胞内信号转导通路的影响。方法　从大鼠睾丸组织中分离支持细胞进行离体原代培养 ,以SABC方法来检测细胞内p ERK的表达。结果　发现支持细胞细胞内p ERK随p,p′ DDE剂量的增高而染色加深 ,而且胞浆胞核都表达。结论　p ,p′ DDE可导致支持细胞内ERK磷酸化 ,诱导ERK下游通路的激活 ,从而影响到基因的转录和表达。     

0～6岁儿童骨密度与血清锌、铜、血铅关系的研究

【目的】　探讨 0～ 6岁儿童低骨密度与血清锌、铜、血铅的关系 ,为临床儿童低骨密度的预防提供依据。　【方法】　在本院儿保门诊 ,随机抽取己排除影响骨代谢性疾病的 0～ 6岁儿童 2 0 4名 ,用超声骨密度仪测胫骨中段骨密度 ,根据同年龄、同性别骨密度值的百分位数分成低骨密度组与正常对照组 ,同时测定血清锌、铜及全血铅。　【结果】　低骨密度组平均血清锌水平 ( 12 70 .5± 14 6.0 ) μmol/L低于对照组 ( 13 2 2 .1± 166.0 ) μmol/L ,差异有显著性(P <0 .0 5 ) ;锌缺乏患病率 ( 3 0 %)高于对照组 ( 18%) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;低骨密度组平均血清铜值 ( 14 98.6±2 16.8) μmol/L ,稍低于对照组 ( 15 3 4.4± 2 3 0 .6) μmol/L ,但差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;两组铜缺乏患病率、血铅值、铅中毒患病率差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。　【结论】　 0～ 6岁儿童低骨密度的发生与锌缺乏有关 ,应加强儿童锌缺乏症的预防和治疗 ,以降低儿童低骨密度的发生。     

Invasive middle ear cholesterol granuloma involving the basal turn of the cochlea with profound sensorineural hearing loss.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective surgical case review. SETTING: A tertiary-care, university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: The authors describe a unique case operated on for a middle ear cholesterol granuloma, which had invaded the cochlea and vestibule causing profound sensorineural deafness. INTERVENTIONS: Extended radical mastoidectomy and labyrinthectomy with musculofascial seal. RESULTS: Successful postoperative outcome with no recurrence seen after 2 years of follow up. CONCLUSION: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a primary middle ear cholesterol granuloma with direct invasion into the cochlea. Such invasion of the otic capsule by cholesterol granulomas is rare and presents a diagnostic challenge to the attending otologist and radiologist. Salient points of the case history, pathogenesis, imaging studies, histopathology, and management are presented with a review of the current literature.     

选择性冠状动脉内支架置入术围手术期的配合与护理

目的 :探讨合理配合与正确护理在冠状动脉内球囊成形 (PTCA)及支架置入术中的作用。方法 :冠心病病人184例经冠状动脉造影确诊后 ,根据冠状动脉血管狭窄程度行PTCA加内支架置入术 ,术中除配合操作医师完成介入手术及监护外 ,同时对病人进行心理护理 ,术后康复指导。结果 :184例病人置入1个支架者107例 (58 % ) ,2个支架者62例 (33 % ) ,3个支架者12例 (6 % ) ,4个支架者3例 (约占1 6 % ) ,手术成功率达到99 %。结论 :围手术期的合理配合与正确护理对提高PTCA的成功率 ,减少并发症具有重要的意义