Identification of MEN1 gene mutations in sporadic carcinoid tumors of the lung

Lung carcinoids occur sporadically and rarely in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). There are no well defined genetic abnormalities known to occur in these tumors. We studied 11 sporadic lung carcinoids for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the locus of the MEN1 gene on chromosome 11q13, and for mutations of the MEN1 gene using dideoxy fingerprinting. Additionally, a lung carcinoid from a MEN1 patient was studied. In four of 11 (36%) sporadic tumors, both copies of the MEN1 gene were inactivated. All four tumors showed the presence of a MEN1 gene mutation and loss of the other allele. Observed mutations included a 1 bp insertion, a 1 bp deletion, a 13 bp deletion and a single nucleotide substitution affecting a donor splice site. Each mutation predicts truncation or potentially complete loss of menin. The remaining seven tumors showed neither the presence of a MEN1 gene mutation nor 11q13 LOH. The tumor from the MEN1 patient showed LOH at chromosome 11q13 and a complex germline MEN1 gene mutation. The data implicate the MEN1 gene in the pathogenesis of sporadic lung carcinoids, representing the first defined genetic alteration in these tumors.      

Paramagnetic macrocyclic complexes as contrast agents for MR imaging: proton nuclear relaxation rate enhancement in aqueous solution and in rat tissues

Paramagnetic macrocyclic chelates show promise as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agents due to stability and relaxivity comparable to those of DTPA-type chelates. For the three copper and manganese macrocyclic complexes studied in aqueous solution, T1 and T2 relaxivities ranged from 0.14 to 5.88 mM-1sec-1 at 6.25 MHz. In rats, the intravenous administration of 16 mumol/kg of Mn(cyclam) caused the liver T1 relaxation rate to double at 15 minutes after injection. T1 measurements by pulsed MR imaging and manganese analyses on excised tissue showed that both relaxation rate (1/T1) and manganese content of liver and kidney increase linearly with the dosage of Mn(cyclam). The linear relationship between 1/T1 and manganese content can be considered an "in tissue" relaxivity plot for the agent. The resulting relaxivity is 54 mM-1sec-1 in liver, compared with 3.1 mM-1sec-1 in aqueous solution. Although this work is preliminary, the implication for medical MR imaging applications is that macrocyclic contrast agents can be effective at approximately one-tenth the current typical dose used for gadolinium DTPA.     

The Effects of Sleep Quality and Resilience on Perceived Stress,Dietary Behaviors,and Alcohol Misuse: A Mediation-Moderation Analysis of Higher Education Students from Asia,Europe, and North America during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the already high levels of stress that higher education students experience. Stress influences health behaviors, including those related to dietary behaviors, alcohol, and sleep; yet the effects of stress can be mitigated by resilience. To date, past research studying the connections between dietary behaviors, alcohol misuse, sleep, and resilience commonly investigated singular relationships between two of the constructs. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationships between these constructs in a more holistic manner using mediation and moderation analyses. Methods: Higher education students from China, Ireland, Malaysia, South Korea, Taiwan, the Netherlands, and the United States were enrolled in a cross-sectional study from April to May 2020, which was during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic for most participants. An online survey, using validated tools, was distributed to assess perceived stress, dietary behaviors, alcohol misuse, sleep quality and duration, and resilience. Results: 2254 students completed the study. Results indicated that sleep quality mediated the relationship between perceived stress and dietary behaviors as well as the relationship between perceived stress and alcohol misuse. Further, increased resilience reduced the strength of the relationship between perceived stress and dietary behaviors but not alcohol misuse. Conclusion: Based on these results, higher education students are likely to benefit from sleep education and resilience training, especially during stressful events.     

聚氯乙烯／聚丙烯酸丁酯／白泥纳米复合材料的研究

通过多步交换反应及扩散－聚合的方法,使聚丙烯酸丁酯被嵌入到改性层状结构的白泥层间,得到白泥－聚丙烯酸丁酯纳米复合物的微米粒子;然后将聚氯乙烯与白泥－聚丙烯酸丁酯进行熔融共混,制得具有一一特性的有机－无机纳米复合材料,并对复合材料的缺口冲击强度及动态力学性能进行了研究,结果表明,白泥－聚丙烯酸酯含量为5．0wt％时,复合材料的力学性能最佳;聚氯乙烯与高含量的白泥－聚丙烯酸丁酯（分别为25．0wt%和50．0wt%）形成的复合材料,在聚氯乙烯的玻璃化转变温度之前,储能模量出现先降低而后增加的过程。     

婴儿期心内直视术45例分析

随着心脏手术技巧和体外循环技术的不断提高 ,婴儿期心脏手术日益增多。笔者于 1997年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月共进行了 45例婴儿心内直视手术 ,效果满意。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　本组男性 34例 ,女性 11例 ,年龄 7.1± 3.2月 (2 4天～ 12月 ) ,体重 6 .8± 2 .3kg(3.5～ 8.5 kg)。病种 :继发孔房间隔缺损 (ASD)并动脉导管未闭 (PDA) 1例 ;室间隔缺损 (VSD) 33例 ,其中合并 ASD2例 ,PDA4例 ;法洛三联症 2例 ;法洛四联症 (TOF) 5例 ,其中合并肺动脉瓣闭锁(PA) 2例、PDA 4例 ;先天性二尖瓣关闭不全 1例 ;部分型心内膜垫缺损 (ECD…     

颌骨肿瘤的X线、二维及三维CT影像对比研究

[目的]对比研究常规X线、二维CT和三维CT对颌骨肿瘤显示的优缺点。[方法]对51例颌骨肿瘤患者行常规X线、二维CT和三维CT检查,比较分析三种检查方法对颌骨肿瘤晃示的特征,并与手术病理结果相对照。[结果]对下颌骨肿瘤三种检查方法均能有交地显示,以三维CT显示得最为直观明了。对上颌骨肿瘤,三维CT通过旋转与切割,能够立体直观地显示肿瘤的部位、大小、形状及毗邻关系,尤其对腭板、眶下壁以及颅底骨质破坏的显示更具成越性;二维CT对肿瘤的囊性或实性改变、肿瘤的软组织成份以及颅内受侵情况的显示最为有利;常规X线对肿瘤区牙根周围的改变显示得最为清楚。[结论]常规X线、二维CT和三维CT对颌骨肿瘤的显示各有优缺点,三者结合能提高肿瘤显示的准确性,对颌骨肿瘤的诊断和治疗具有重要作用。     

缺血预处理结合心麻痹液保护未成熟兔心肌的效果

目的 探讨缺血预处理（IPC）结合心麻痹液对未成熟兔心肌的保护作用。方法 采用体外左心作功模型,比较缺血5min再灌注5min的缺血预处处理加ST.ThomasⅡ液（IPC组）和仅ST,ThomasⅡ液（对照组）对幼兔（3-4周）心脏缺血再灌注后心脏功能,冠脉微循环、能量代谢及超微结构的影响。结果 IPC组心脏收缩功能、冠脉流量及阻力恢复更佳,冠脉流出液中的一氧化氮含量较高而内皮素较低,能量物质含量高,心肌细胞超微结构的影响。结果 IPC组心脏收缩功能、冠脉流量及阻力恢复更佳,冠脉流出液中后 氧化氮含量较高而内皮素较低,能量物质含量高。心肌细胞超微结构损害轻,结论 缺血预处理结合心麻痹液对未成熟兔心肌提供更佳的保护。     

HPLC法测定口服5—氨基水杨酸制剂后血浆和尿中的药物及其代谢物

目的建立测定血浆和尿样中5-氨基水杨酸(5-ASA)及代谢物乙酰-5-氨基水杨酸(Ac-5-ASA)浓度的HPLC方法,并进行5-ASA缓释片Pentasa的人体药动学研究.方法使用荧光检测器,以丙酰-4-氨基水杨酸为内标,用衍生化法使样品中的5-ASA丙酰化,甲醇沉淀蛋白后上清液直接进样.色谱柱为PhenomenexLunaTMC18,流动相为0.1mo1/L乙酸溶液乙腈三乙胺(460400.4,V/V/V)的混合液.测定6位健康志愿者口服1000magPentasa后血药浓度和尿药浓度.结果血浆中5-ASA及代谢物的线性范围为0.01～10μg/ml,尿样中为0.2～200μg/ml,血浆和尿中药物与代谢物的回收率在95.3%～106.2%之间,日内日间相对标准差均在052%～9.22%范围内.Pentasa口服后5-ASA和Ac-5-ASA的血药浓度在3～4h内达到峰值,分别为1.55和3.11μg/rl,AUC分别为6.90和26.32μg/(ml@h),60h内尿中排泄了口服剂量37.1%的药物.结论方法简便,灵敏度和准确度高,可用于5-ASA制剂的药物动力学研究.     

Directional screening and identification of potential cytotoxic components from Achnatherum inebrians by a combination of surface palsmon resonance and chromatography

Objective: To establish a method for directional screening of the cytotoxic components from the medicinal herb of Achnatherum inebrians by a combination of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor and chromatographic isolation technology. Methods: Under the guidance of bioactive assessment based on binding abilities between objects and the α-Mannosidase (α-Man) target, the active components from different solvents extracts, different polar extraction parts and fractions were screened orderly and directionally using SPR. Components with a high binding ability to α-Man can be precisely oriented in a narrower fractions range and are easy to isolate. Three human cancer cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of component with the highest affinity to α-Man. Results: Eight compounds were isolated and identificated from A. inebrians for the first time. Deoxyvasicinone possessed the highest affinity to α-Man among them. Moreover, deoxyvasicinone showed good effects on inhibited proliferation of human hepatoma cells HepG2 (IC50 = 5.7 μmol/L), human breast cancer cells MCF7 (IC50 = 7.21 μmol/L) and human lung cancer cells HCC827 (IC50 = 0.75 μmol/L), respectively. In particular, its inhibitory effect on HCC827 was stronger than the positive drug gefitinib (IC50 = 1.65 μmol/L). Conclusion: A comprehensive strategy of directional screening potential cytotoxic components from herb based on biomolecular interaction and chromatography was established. Deoxyvasicinone as an effective anti-cancer component was initially isolated from A. inebrians. It is expected that this screening strategy could provide new perspectives for rapid screening and identification of active components from natural plants with the complex matrix.     

筋骨痛消丸联合塞来昔布治疗膝骨关节炎临床研究

目的：观察筋骨痛消丸联合塞来昔布对膝骨关节炎（KOA） 的临床疗效。方法：将86 例KOA 患 者随机分为研究组和对照组各43 例。对照组应用塞来昔布治疗,研究组在对照组基础上加用筋骨痛消丸治 疗。用药2 个月后,评估2 组临床疗效,比较2 组治疗前后中医证候积分、疼痛数字评价量表（NRS） 评分、 膝关节屈曲与伸直最大角度、血清白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-7（IL-7）、成纤维细胞生长因子- 2（FGF-2） 水平。结果：治疗后,研究组总有效率为93.02%,对照组为67.44%,2 组比较,差异有统计学意 义（P＜0.05）。治疗后,2 组中医证候积分、NRS 评分均较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,且研究组中医证候积分、 NRS 评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。治疗后,2 组血清IL-1β、IL-7 水平均较治疗前降低（P＜0.05）,FGF-2 水平均较治疗前升高（P＜0.05）;且研究组IL-1β、IL-7 水平低于对照组（P＜0.05）,FGF-2 水平高于对照 组（P＜0.05）。治疗后,2 组膝关节屈曲、伸直最大角度均较治疗前增大（P＜0.05）,且研究组膝关节屈曲、 伸直最大角度均大于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论：筋骨痛消丸联合塞来昔布治疗KOA 疗效优于单用塞来昔布治 疗,能显著改善患者临床症状,下调炎症因子水平,减轻关节损伤。