鼻腔、软腭、副鼻窦纤维瘤和纤维肉瘤的CT表现(附8例报道)

目的　分析纤维瘤和纤维肉瘤的CT表现 ,为临床的诊治提供依据。方法　对经手术病理证实的硬纤维瘤 6例 (鼻腔 3例、上颌窦 2例、软腭 1例 )和纤维肉瘤 2例 (上颌窦及鼻腔各 1例 )进行回顾性分析 ,CT采用轴位扫描 ,层厚和间隔均为 5mm。结果　纤维瘤CT表现为单发圆、半圆或椭圆形实性软组织肿块 ,密度多均匀 ,边缘清楚、整齐 ,有包膜 ,带蒂或有广基 ,造影后轻 -中度强化 ;肿瘤呈膨胀性生长 ,周围骨质受压变薄或吸收 ,邻近结构受推移。纤维肉瘤则表现为此部位恶性肿瘤共同的CT征象。结论　纤维瘤的CT表现有一些特点 ,可与该部位大多数常见良性病变相鉴别。纤维肉瘤则无法与其他恶性肿瘤相区别 ,二者诊断均需依靠病理     

受精卵原核显微穿刺导入DNA制备转基因兔

目的：受精卵原核显微DNA注射是转基因动物制备的最常用、最可靠的方法．研究技术上更为简易的受精卵原核显微穿刺导入DNA制备转基因兔的可行性．方法：重组转基因载体pCA-CHA,采用细胞原核显微穿刺将DNA导入兔受精卵制备转基因兔，用PCR和Southern Blot方法鉴定转基因兔．结果：转基因处理后获得仔兔92只，以PCR检测结果计算，转基因总效率为1．63%～2．40％，整合率为11．54%～16．13％；以Southern Blot检测结果计算，转基因总效率为0．27％，整合率为1．92％．结论：受精卵原核显微穿刺导入DNA与受精卵原核显微DNA注射制备转基因兔的结果相当．     

The spectrum of antibiotic resistance in human and veterinary isolates of Escherichia coli collected from 1984-86 in northern India.

This study was undertaken to assess the spectrum of drug resistance prevalent in Escherichia coli isolates from human and animal populations in Northern India. Three hundred and two isolates of Escherichia coli isolated from various infections of humans (47 from diarrhoea; 101 from urinary tract infection) and veterinary animals (17 from poultry septicaemia; 75 from bovine diarrhoea; 14 from ovine diarrhoea and 48 from equine metritis) were studied for their susceptibility to ampicillin, cephaloridine, amoxycillin, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. 63.2% of the isolates (37.7%, human; 25.5%, animal) were resistant to one or more drugs, of which about 41% isolates were multiresistant. Resistant isolates had a wide range of MIC values from 12 to 3200 mg/L, irrespective of origin. Most of the isolates (43.5%) were resistant to ampicillin (MIC greater than 16 mg/L) followed by oxytetracycline (MIC greater than 5 mg/L) (36.4%). Only 9.3% isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (MIC greater than 21 mg/L). The E. coli isolated from animals tended to be resistant to fewer antibiotics than those isolated from man. 99% of the isolates from human urinary tract infection were resistant compared to only 48.9% of the isolates from diarrhoea. Most of the resistant isolates from animals were recovered from diarrhoea, followed by septicaemia and metritis. This study shows that a high frequency of multiresistant strains are prevalent in both human and animal bacterial populations of Northern India. Since the exchange of these strains among both populations is possible, they pose a great risk in both the selection and the spread of resistance.     

盆腔自主神经保留对直肠前切除术后排尿及性功能影响的观察

目的 探讨直肠癌前切除术保留盆腔自主神经的适应证、方法及术后排尿功能评价的客观指标。方法 2000年1月至2002年11月对18例男性中低位直肠癌患者行保留盆腔自主神经的直肠前切除术。于术前、术后1周对比尿动力学检查指标，并了解术后性功能情况。结果 18例患者均完全保留盆腔自主神经，术后排尿正常，尿动力学检查指标良好，性功能存在。结论 对60岁以下，Dukes C期以前的男性患者，在实施直肠前切除术的同时保留盆腔自主神经，其排尿和性功能恢复满意。     

普理灵疝装置在股疝无张力修补术中的应用

目的探讨应用普理灵疝装置(Polypropylene-Prolene Hernia System,PHS)行股疝无张力修补的疗效。方法分别应用美国强生公司生产的普理灵疝装置(PHS)和美国巴德公司生产的网塞(PerFix Plug,Plug)作为疝修补材料行股疝修补术,将36例股疝患者随机分为PHS组和Plug组,对2组的手术时间、住院天数、术后并发症和复发率等临床资料进行对比研究。结果随访6- 30个月,PHS组与Plug组手术时间分别为(42±7)min和(41±4)min;住院天数(4．1±1．0)d和(4．4±1．2)d;PHS组术后无复发,1例出现阴囊积液,Plug组复发2例,1例出现皮下血肿。Plug组术后5例有异物感,PHS组0例,差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)。结论普理灵疝装置在股疝无张力修补术中的应用是安全有效的。