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51.
Close Carolina Elek Elvira Roberts Cheryl A. Dunlap Laura J. Graham Phillip W. Scaglione Nichole M. Palen Lori-Ann Clarke Thomas 《Prevention science》2021,22(8):1071-1085
Prevention Science - This prospective cost analysis addresses a gap in the prevention literature by providing estimates of the typical real-world costs to implement community interventions focused... 相似文献
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Carolina Tisnado Garland Line Guénette Edeltraut Kröger Pierre-Hugues Carmichael Rachel Rouleau Caroline Sirois 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2021,22(1):141-147
ObjectivesAssess the impact of a new pharmaceutical care model on (1) polypharmacy and (2) potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in long-term care facilities (LTCFs).DesignPragmatic quasi-experimental study with a control group. This multifaceted model enables pharmacists and nurses to increase their professional autonomy by enforcing laws designed to expand their scope of practice. It also involves a strategic reorganization of care, interdisciplinary training, and systematic medication reviews.Setting and ParticipantsTwo LTCFs exposed to the model (409 residents) were compared to 2 control LTCFs (282 residents) in Quebec, Canada. All individuals were aged 65 years or older and residing in included LTCFs.MeasuresPolypharmacy (≥10 medications) and PIM (2015 Beers criteria) were analyzed throughout 12 months between March 2017 and June 2018. Groups were compared before and after implementation using repeated measures mixed Poisson or logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounding variables.ResultsOver 12 months, for regular medications, polypharmacy decreased from 42% to 20% (exposed group) and from 50% to 41% (control group) [difference in differences (DID): 13%, P < .001]. Mean number of PIMs also decreased from 0.79 to 0.56 (exposed group) and from 1.08 to 0.90 (control group) (DID: 0.05, P = .002).Conclusions and ImplicationsCompared with usual care, this multifaceted model reduced the probability of receiving ≥10 medications and the mean number of PIMs. Greater professional autonomy, reorganization of care, training, and medication review can optimize pharmaceutical care. As the role of pharmacists is expanding in many countries, this model shows what could be achieved with increased professional autonomy of pharmacists and nurses in LTCFs. 相似文献
53.
ngela Arenas Massa Marilú Budinich Villouta Carolina Riveros Ferrada 《Health and human rights》2021,23(1):251
This paper analyzes the Inter-American Court of Human Rights’ ruling in the case of Poblete Vilches et al. v. Chile. Poblete Vilches, a senior citizen, died in February 2001 due to septic shock and bilateral bronchopneumonia after being treated in a public hospital in Chile. The ruling held the state of Chile responsible for a number of human rights violations. The paper evaluates the interpretation of the American Convention on Human Rights as carried out by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. It concludes that the sentence explicitly developed criteria in relation to informed consent as a derivation of the right to health and implicitly recognized, from a gerontological perspective, a manifestation of structural abuse toward older persons and their supportive environments. The gerontological gaze brings new challenges for the development of older persons’ rights. The ruling is unique in the inter-American human rights system, as recognized by the court itself. 相似文献
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Costa Davidson Ribeiro Pessoa Diego Rodrigues Seefeldt Vanessa Borelli Costa David Ribeiro Maia Daniel Tineu Leite dos Santos Maciel Thiago Mota Brenda Barros Magalhães Delpasso Carolina Alves Ribeiro Camila Alves Delpasso Nicolau Renata Amadei 《Lasers in medical science》2021,36(8):1681-1689
Lasers in Medical Science - This study compared the effects of LED therapy associated with occlusal splint (OS) on the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). In this randomized,... 相似文献
56.
Marysol Luna Jason D Guss Laura S Vasquez-Bolanos Macy Castaneda Manuela Vargas Rojas Jasmin M Strong Denise A Alabi Sophie D Dornevil Jacob C Nixon Erik A Taylor Eve Donnelly Xueyan Fu M Kyla Shea Sarah L Booth Rodrigo Bicalho Christopher J Hernandez 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2021,36(9):1823-1834
Modifications to the constituents of the gut microbiome influence bone density and tissue-level strength, but the specific microbial components that influence tissue-level strength in bone are not known. Here, we selectively modify constituents of the gut microbiota using narrow-spectrum antibiotics to identify components of the microbiome associated with changes in bone mechanical and material properties. Male C57BL/6J mice (4 weeks) were divided into seven groups (n = 7–10/group) and had taxa within the gut microbiome removed through dosing with: (i) ampicillin; (ii) neomycin; (iii) vancomycin; (iv) metronidazole; (v) a cocktail of all four antibiotics together (with zero-calorie sweetener to ensure intake); (vi) zero-calorie sweetener only; or (vii) no additive (untreated) for 12 weeks. Individual antibiotics remove only some taxa from the gut, while the cocktail of all four removes almost all microbes. After accounting for differences in geometry, whole bone strength was reduced in animals with gut microbiome modified by neomycin (−28%, p = 0.002) and was increased in the group in which the gut microbiome was altered by sweetener alone (+39%, p < 0.001). Analysis of the fecal microbiota detected seven lower-ranked taxa differentially abundant in animals with impaired tissue-level strength and 14 differentially abundant taxa associated with increased tissue-level strength. Histological and serum markers of bone turnover and trabecular bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) did not differ among groups. These findings demonstrate that modifications to the taxonomic components of the gut microbiome have the potential to decrease or increase tissue-level strength of bone independent of bone quantity and without noticeable changes in bone turnover. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). 相似文献
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Albright Christopher A. Kimball Devon Brady John P. Luna Issabella Brown Tiffany Calzo Jerel P. Pennesi Jamie-Lee Blashill Aaron J. 《Archives of sexual behavior》2022,51(5):2523-2533
Archives of Sexual Behavior - Sexual minority men (SMM) remain disproportionately burdened by sexually transmitted infections. Although gay community involvement has been theorized to be protective... 相似文献