实习时间提前对专科护生就业率的影响

目的：避免护生实习与就业在时间上的冲突，提高护生的就业率。方法：将46名护生的临床实习时间由7月1日提前至4月1日，原第4学期课程压缩在前3个学期完成。结：果护生6月底就业率100％。结论：专科护生临床实习时闻提前，可避免临床实习与就业在时间上的冲突，有利于提高就业率。     

泰安市RhD抗原阴性无偿献血者表型结果分析

目的:建立泰安市RhD抗原阴性无偿献血者表型库,保证临床需求.方法:应用微板血型血清学方法对献血者进行RhD抗原筛选,采用试管法进行RhD抗原阴性确认,用分型血清进行RhD阴性表型分型.结果:89 860名献血者中检出RhD抗原阴性者352名,占0.39%,RhD抗原变异者10名,占0.01%.d基因频率为0.062 6,D基因频率为0.937 4,以ccdee所占比例最多,为57.39%,cde基因频率为0.047 4,其次为Ccdee占33.80%,其他表型则少见或罕见,其分布特征为ccdee＞Ccdee＞CCdee＞ccdEe＞CcdEe＞CCdEe＞ccdEE.结论:进行RhD抗原阴性无偿献血者表型分型,对于安全输血具有重要意义.     

Association of the GNAS1 gene variant with hypertension is dependent on alcohol consumption.

The beta-adrenoceptor (beta-AR)-stimulatory guanine nucleotide-binding (Gs) protein system has been shown to play important roles in the cardiovascular system. The gene encoding the alpha-subunit of Gs proteins (GNAS1) is a candidate genetic determinant for hypertension. Because alcohol consumption is known to affect blood pressure partly through the beta-AR-Gs protein system, we examined the possible interaction between GNAS1 T393C polymorphism and drinking status in the association with hypertension in the present study. As a result, a non-significant but reasonable trend supporting the presence of an interaction was shown (p = 0.076). In line with this trend, the T393C polymorphism significantly interacted with drinking status in the association with systolic blood pressure (p = 0.028). Moreover, supporting the presence of an interaction, T allele carriers consistently had a higher probability of hypertension, higher systolic blood pressure, and higher diastolic blood pressure than CC homozygotes in non-drinkers and light drinkers. In contrast, CC homozygotes consistently had a higher probability of hypertension, higher systolic blood pressure, and higher diastolic blood pressure than T allele carriers in moderate to heavy drinkers. The present study also showed a significant interaction between the T393C polymorphism and drinking status in the association with pulse pressure (p = 0.026), reflected by a significant association between the T393C polymorphism and pulse pressure in moderate to heavy drinkers (p = 0.026). These findings may be helpful in conducting further molecular and biological studies on the relationship among the effects of alcohol, the beta-AR-Gs protein system, and hypertension.     

胸骨肿瘤CT诊断(附22例报告)

目的探讨胸骨肿瘤临床CT诊断和检查意义。方法搜集分析经临床病理证实的22例胸骨肿瘤CT资料,其中转移瘤17例(肺癌转移15例;乳腺癌转移2例)、骨髓瘤2例、软骨肉瘤1例、骨肉瘤1例、骨化性纤维瘤1例。结果局部骨质破坏(囊状膨胀性、溶骨性和混合性骨破坏3种),其中囊状膨胀性骨破坏1例(骨化性纤维瘤),溶骨性骨破坏16例(肺癌转移15例、骨肉瘤1例),混合性骨破坏5例(软骨肉瘤1例、骨髓瘤2例、乳腺癌转移2例)。胸骨处软组织肿块18例,胸骨前胸壁肌、皮下脂肪和胸骨后脂肪间隙浸润13例。结论胸骨肿瘤以转移瘤多见,CT检查对胸骨肿瘤有较高的诊断价值。     

Primary amyloidosis of the urinary bladder.

Amyloidosis is a systemic disease that usually occurs in the gastrointestinal tract or in muscular or adipose tissue. Primary amyloidosis of the urinary bladder is a rare disease that can mimic bladder cancer on cystoscopic examination as well as in its clinical presentation of painless gross hematuria. This report describes a 49-year-old male with repeated painless gross hematuria, who underwent transurethral resection of a suspected bladder tumor. Pathologic examination revealed papillary urothelial hyperplasia with vascular ectasia and no signs of malignancy. Massive gross hematuria occurred 2.5 years later. Cystoscopy showed multiple papillary lesions with yellowish-brown submucosal plaques on the posterior bladder wall. A second transurethral tumor resection was performed and histologic examination revealed plasma cell infiltration and eosinophilic amorphous deposits in the subepithelial stroma and vascular wall. The deposits were positive for Congo red and apple-green birefringence under polarized light examination but negative for Masson's trichrome stain, indicating that they were not fibrotic in nature. Hence, the diagnosis of amyloidosis of the urinary bladder was confirmed. Screening for amyloidosis was negative in other organ systems and the patient has remained disease-free up to the last follow-up 4 years after the second transurethral resection. Amyloidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with recurrent hematuria who have symptoms characteristic of bladder cancer but negative pathologic study for malignancy. Correct diagnosis relies on clinical alertness and the use of a special staining technique during pathologic examination.     

Carotid endarterectomy with internal carotid artery segmental resection, temporary shunt and vein patch angioplasty: early and mid-term results.

AIM: The authors report an alternative procedure to carotid endarterectomy with internal carotid artery (ICA) segmental resection and end-to-end anastomosis associated with temporary shunt and venous patch angioplasty. Design: prospective cohort study. METHODS: Between May 1995 and December 2004, 192 patients underwent 200 primary CEAs for significant ICA stenosis. There were 131 men and 61 women with a mean age of 72.4+/-8.4 years. The indications for CEA were asymptomatic lesions in 51.5%, transient ischemic attack in 27.5% and stroke in 21%. RESULTS: The combined early morbidity and mortality rate was 2%. Two patients died, one due to fatal intracerebral hemorrhage and the second patient died of acute mesenteric ischemia. Neurological complications occurred in 2 patients, including 1 TIA and 1 nondisabling cerebrovascular accident. Non-neurological complications occurred in 26 patients (13.5%). Seventeen patients (8.8%) developed hypertension, 3 neck hematomas (1.5%) required surgical evacuation, 1 patient had reversible supraventricular arrhythmia (0.5%) and 1 patient had pneumonia (0.5%). Furthermore, 1 asymptomatic carotid occlusion was identified (0.5%) and 3 patients suffered permanent cranial nerve injury (1.5%). Mean follow-up was 45.7 months and there were 41 late deaths (21.8%). Survival rates at 1 and 5 years were 96.7+/-1.2% and 73.58+/-4.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: CEA with ICA shortening and reanastomosis is a safe and reliable procedure without any increase in morbidity or mortality.     

手部皮肤套脱伤的治疗

目的探讨手部皮肤套脱伤的治疗方法。方法2002年4月-2004年11月，治疗22例手部皮肤套脱伤患者，其中19例分别通过吻合血管、套脱皮肤修薄回植及多切口引流等方法进行修复。另有3例，因无法行套脱皮肤回植而采用腹部带蒂皮瓣修复。结果术后随访3个月-1年。19例套脱皮肤原位回植患者中，13例皮肤完全成活，4例有部分皮缘坏死，经中药换药后愈合，2例行切痂植皮术后治愈。手功能按ATN功能评分评定：优9例，良7例，中3例，优良率为84％，患者对手外形及功能满意。3例腹部皮瓣修复者，皮瓣全部成活。术后随访5个月-1年，手外形及功能明显差于皮肤原位回植者。结论尽可能地回植手部套脱皮肤，对手功能及外形的恢复具有重要意义。     

急性脑血管病患者血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的检测及临床意义

目的 探讨血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTn-I)对急性脑血管病(ACVD)后心肌损伤的诊断价值.方法 检测160例ACVD患者入院后24h内、3d、7d的血清cTn-I和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB),比较不同病程、不同类型、不同病情程度ACVD患者血清cTn-I和CK-MB的测定结果,观察预后与cTn-I、CK-MB的关系.结果 病后24h内和7d血清cTn-I较CK-MB的阳性率高;脑出血和重症患者病后7d cTn-I仍增高;病后30d内死亡者的cTn-I和CK-MB增高比例高于存活者.结论 血清cTn-I对ACVD后心肌损伤的检测具有比CK-MB更高的敏感性、特异性和更宽的诊断窗口.     

处女膜修补手术及麻醉方法的改进

目的；增大处女膜粘膜瓣的接触面，减少因麻醉造成的处女膜粘膜水肿，提高修复手术的成功率。方法：手术全部采用1％的卡因行粘膜表面麻醉。53例采用瓦合粘膜瓣法，3例用瓦合粘膜瓣联合阴道粘膜瓣修复法。结果：56例术后一月随访，53例处女膜孔径为一指，成功率94．64％。结论：采用1％的卡因粘膜表面麻醉，瓦合粘膜瓣法及瓦合粘膜联合阴道粘膜瓣修复法对处女膜修复是行之有效的。