基于抗耐药性细菌感染的抗菌肽研究进展

随着抗生素的发现及滥用,耐药细菌感染已威胁到了人们的健康,现有抗生素已不能满足临床治疗的需求。因此,解决这一问题已迫在眉睫。本文针对耐药细菌的耐药机制及抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptides,AMPs)这一新型广谱抗菌药物的研究进展进行了综述。     

分泌型凋亡相关蛋白1的研究进展

分泌型凋亡相关蛋白1（ secreted apoptosis-related protein1,SARP1）,又名分泌型卷曲相关蛋白2（secretedfrizzled—related protein2,SFRP2）,最早报道于1997年。研究者发现其功能与肿瘤及创面修复关系密切,现就SARP1目前的有关研究,在此做一综述。     

Ⅰ期修补腹裂的早期转归(附18例报告)

目的 :评价Ⅰ期修补腹裂的早期转归。方法 :回顾分析我院小儿外科 17年间收治的腹裂病历 18份。结果 :产前诊断 16例 (89% )。全部病婴I期修补腹壁缺损。出生至手术的平均时间 5h(0 .5h～ 17h)。 4例合并肠道畸形和 1例并发肠坏死者需要更多的手术和更长的时间达到完全喂养 (P<0 .0 1)。 3例死亡 (16 .6 % ) ,其中 2例死于感染。结论 :我们的经验提示腹裂的死亡率不超过 16 .6 % ,降低死亡率主要是防治感染并发症 ,Ⅰ期修补可改善早期转归。     

Halogen-free instinct flame-retardant waterborne polyurethanes: composition,performance, and application

Ideal halogen-free instinct flame-retardant waterborne polyurethanes have high flame-retardant efficiency, environmental friendliness, fine compatibility, and good thermostability. Phosphorus flame-retardants are currently widely used in halogen-free instinct flame-retardant waterborne polyurethanes (HIFWPU), especially those with phosphorous–nitrogen co-structures. Phosphorous–nitrogen HIFWPU have become a hotspot because their co-structures provide higher flame-retardance as compared to waterborne polyurethanes. This review introduces three main types of HIFWPU based on composition, performance and application. HIFWPU not only have improved flame-retardance but also satisfy the various requirements for functionality. HIFWPU have been widely developed in textile, furniture, automobile, and aerospace applications.

Ideal halogen-free instinct flame-retardant waterborne polyurethanes have high flame-retardant efficiency, environmental friendliness, fine compatibility, and good thermostability.     

Biomarkers of connective tissue disease‐associated interstitial lung disease in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: A label‐free mass spectrometry‐based relative quantification study

BackgroundThe pathogenesis of connective tissue disease‐associated interstitial lung disease (CTD‐ILD) is unclear. This study aims to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in CTD‐ILD to determine the potential role of these DEPs that may play in the pathogenesis of CTD‐ILD and to offer potential therapeutic targets.MethodsBronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were collected from four patients with CTD‐ILD and four patients without CTD‐ILD. Label‐free mass spectrometry‐based relative quantification was used to identify the DEPs. Bioinformatics were used to determine the potential biological processes and signaling pathways associated with these DEPs.ResultsWe found 65 upregulated DEPs including SFTPD, CADM1, ACSL4, TSTD1, CD163, LUM, SIGLEC1, CPB2, TGFBI and HGD, and 67 downregulated DEPs including SGSH, WIPF1, SIL1, RAB20, OAS3, GMPR2, PLBD1, DNAJC3, RNASET2 and OAS2. The results of GO functional annotation for the DEPs showed that the DEPS were mainly enriched in the binding, cellular anatomical entity, cellular processes, and biological regulation GO terms. The results of KEGG analyses showed that the pathways most annotated with the DEPs were complement and coagulation cascades, metabolic pathways, pathways in cancer, and PPAR signaling pathway. COG analyses further informed the functions associated with these DEPs, with most focused on signal transduction mechanisms; posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones; intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport; amino acid transport and metabolism; and lipid transport and metabolism.ConclusionsDEPs identified between patients with vs. without CTD‐ILD may play important roles in the development of CTD‐ILD and are potential new biomarkers for early diagnosis of CTD‐ILD.     

Electrochemical Evaluation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy Welded Joint in Simulated Deep-Sea Environment

Titanium alloys have high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance and have been applied in deep-sea engineering fields. However, stress corrosion cracking may become one of the biggest threats to the service safety of a high-strength titanium alloy, as well as its weldment. In this work, stress corrosion cracking of a gas-tungsten-arc-welded Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti6321) alloy influenced by the applied potentials in simulated deep-sea and shallow-sea environments was investigated by combining slow strain rate testing with electrochemical measurements. The results showed that the service environment and applied potential have a substantial effect on the stress corrosion cracking behavior of the Ti6321 welded joint. The Ti6321 welded joint exhibited higher stress corrosion susceptibility in a simulated deep-sea environment and at a strong polarization level owing to the diminishing protection of the passive film under passivation inhibition and the enhancement of the hydrogen effect. The fracture of a Ti6321 welded joint in the weld material could be attributed to the softening effect of the thick secondary α within the coarse-grained martensite. The electrochemical evaluation model of stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of a Ti6321 welded joint in a simulated marine environment was established by adding the criterion in the passivation region based on the literature model, and four potential regions corresponding to different stress corrosion cracking mechanisms were classified and discussed. Our study provides useful guidance for the deep-sea engineering applications of Ti6321 alloys and a rapid assessment method of stress corrosion risk.     

过氧化物增殖体活化受体α／γ双重激动剂的研究进展

过氧化物增殖体活化受体（PPAR）是治疗2型糖尿病等人类代谢疾病的新靶点。与单一的PPARγ激动剂相比，PPARα／γ双重激动剂可以产生协同作用，更具有开发潜力，是更好的2型糖尿病药物。现综述α-烷氧基苯基丙酸类、苯氧异丁酸类、苄基丙二酸衍生物类及其它类型的PPARα／γ双重激动剂的研究进展。并提出一些研究思路。     

16th Asian Congress of Surgery and 3rd Chinese Surgical Week

In the case of a previous offspring with trisomy 21, recurrence risk for Down syndrome is about 1%. It may be due to chance, but the possibility of germline mosaicism for trisomy 21 in one of the parents has important implications for the recurrence. Here we report a young healthy mother, who has a second pregnancy of trisomy 21.[第一段]     

重庆地区Ezscan用于筛查糖代谢异常的研究

目的：探索Ezscan在无症状人群中筛查糖代谢异常的能力。方法选取2013年8月至2014年8月进行健康体检的重庆市常驻居民1732例,进行问卷调查、体格检查、空腹血糖（FPG）、葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血脂和Ezscan检测。结果Ezscan高评分人群糖代谢异常患病率高于低评分人群。Ezscan筛查糖代谢异常的受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）为0．616,最佳切点值为24％,灵敏度为67．0％;FPG筛查糖代谢异常最佳切点值为5．5mmol／L,灵敏度和特异度分别为70．5％和61．7％,AUC为0．824;FPG为6．1mmol／L时,筛查糖代谢异常的灵敏度为47．2％。结论重庆地区Ezscan筛查糖代谢异常灵敏度高于经典方法FPG（切点值为6．1mmol／L）检测,在无症状人群中,Ezscan可作为一种有效的糖代谢异常早期筛查技术。     

尿激酶对肺纤维化干预作用及对MMP-9和TIMP-1的影响

目的:探讨尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂(uPA)对肺纤维化的干预作用和对MMP-9/TIMP-1的影响.方法:SD雄性大鼠45只,随机分成3组:干预组(博莱霉素 尿激酶)、模型组(博莱霉素 生理盐水)和对照组.所有大鼠第28天处死.经HE、Masson胶原染色评价肺组织肺泡炎和肺纤维化程度.酶联免疫吸附法( ELISA)检测肺泡灌洗液中MMP-9、TIMP-1含量.结果:(1)肺泡炎程度评价:模型组为(1.7±0.6)分,干预组为(0.9±0.7)分,对照组为(0.2±0.4)分,模型组与干预组、对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).(2)肺纤维化程度评价:模型组为(2.0±0.8)分,干预组为(1.1±0.7)分,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).(3)TIMP-1含量:模型组(1 240.8±90.3) pg/ml,对照组(1 078.3±31.6)pg/ml,干预组 (1 163.6±69.6) pg/ml,模型组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);模型组与干预组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:尿激酶能减轻博来霉素诱导的大鼠肺纤维化,可能是通过抑制TIMP-1途径起作用.