Detection of genetic alterations in primary bladder carcinoma with dual-color and multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization

Cytogenetic studies of bladder cancer have shown several nonrandom aberrations. Numerical aberrations of both sex chromosomes were investigated in 32 primary bladder tumors with bicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Loss of chromosome Y and overrepresentation of chromosome X were observed in subgroups of male patients. Chromosome X was represented normally in female patients. Two of the above primary bladder tumors, a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and an adenocarcinoma, were further analyzed with both multiplex FISH (24-color M-FISH) and G-banding. Both cases exhibited 1) common breakpoints on 5q11 approximately q12 and 15q24; 2) involvement of the pericentromeric area of chromosome 13; 3) structural abnormalities of chromosomes 8 and 17, with loss of material on the short arm; 4) structural abnormalities involving chromosome 11; and 5) loss of chromosome Y. The TCC case also exhibited structural abnormalities of chromosome 9, resulting in loss of 9q. The combined G-banding and M-FISH findings could help reveal regions potentially involved in bladder tumorigenesis.     

Expression of Cytochrome P450nor in Escherichia coli , Purification and Preparation of Polyclonal Antibodies

The term “cytochrome P450” was characterized of aunique 450 nm optical absorption peak of its carbon mon oxide bound form. Cytochrome P450s constitute a super gene family of heme containing proteins that are involvedin the metabolism of a variety o…     

雌激素对氧化型低密度脂蛋白诱导的血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响

目的：观察雌激素（１７β－雌二醇）对氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ｏｘＬＤＬ）诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞（ＨＵＶＥＣ）凋亡的影响。方法 以ＨＵＶＥＣ为对象,观察不同浓度的１７β－雌二醇（１,１０和１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对ｏｘＬＤＬ（４μｇ／Ｌ）诱导的凋亡的影响。结果 不同剂量的１７β－雌二醇对使用ｏｘＬＤＬ诱导的ＨＵＶＥＣ凋亡减少７０％￣９３％,其抑制呈明显的正向量效应关系,１７β－雌二醇１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ组细胞凋亡占     

Diverticulum of the stomach

Gastric diverticula are very rare and usually asymptomatic diseases. Clinical symptoms may include haemorrhage, mild discomfort and pain in upper abdomen. They are most frequently diagnosed incidentally during X-Ray examinations. In symptomatic diverticulum of gastric fundus was diagnosed roentgenographically and endoscopically and was successfully cured surgically.     

Antitumor activity of the polyamine analog N(1), N(11)-diethylnorspermine against human prostate carcinoma cells

BACKGROUND: Recent studies indicate that N-terminally bis-ethylated-polyamine analogs have significant antitumor activity in several human solid-tumor models. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo antitumor potential of the polyamine analog N(1), N(11)-diethylnorspermine (DENSpm) in human prostate carcinoma cells was examined. METHODS: The antiproliferative and biochemical effects of DENSpm were tested in four human prostate cancer cell lines, i.e., PC-3, TSU-pr1, DU-145, and JCA-1. The in vivo antitumor potential was explored in two groups of nude mice bearing small or more developed xenografts of the DU-145 cell line. The mice were treated with 40 mg/kg DENSpm, three times per day for two cycles of 6 days, on days 1-6 and 8-13. RESULTS: In vitro studies showed that all four tested human prostate carcinoma cell lines were sensitive to DENSpm in micromolar concentrations. In tumor-bearing mice, DENSpm clearly prevented tumor growth in both size groups, which became significant after day 17. Treatment with DENSpm evoked intracellular accumulation of the analog and various regulatory responses, e.g., downregulation of the polyamine biosynthesis, the induction of the catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT), and the depletion or decrease of natural polyamines. The cellular sensitivity to growth inhibition by DENSpm only correlated with the degree of ODC inhibition and SSAT induction. CONCLUSIONS: DENSpm has sustained inhibitory effects on the growth of human prostate carcinoma cells in vitro as well in vivo. This polyamine analog may provide a new tool in the chemotherapy of prostate cancers with various phenotypes.     

Diffuse splenic and visceral hemangiomas complicated by chronic consumption coagulopathy

Abstract The case of a 7-year-old girl with a 2 year history of easy bruising associated with thrombocytopenia is reported. On admission she presented with ecchymoses, abdominal distention and splenomegaly. Hemostasis investigation revealed a consumption coagulopathy. Several radiological studies failed to confirm the diagnosis of diffuse splenic and visceral hemangiomatosis, which was eventually estasblished by an explorative laparotomy. Platelet count and the other coagulation abnormalities progressively returned to normal after splenectomy, although the remaining hemangiomas were extensive.     

PrP fragment 106-126 is toxic to cerebral endothelial cells expressing PrP(C)

A hydrophobic, fibrillogenic peptide fragment of human prion protein (PrP106-126) had in vitro toxicity to neurons expressing cellular prion protein (PrP(C)). In this study, we proved that primary cultures of mouse cerebral endothelial cells (MCEC) express PrP(C). Incubation of MCEC with PrP106-126 (25-200 microM) caused a dose-dependent toxicity assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase release, bis-benzimide staining for nuclear morphology, and trypan blue exclusion test. Pentosan polysulphate (50-100 microg/ml), a drug effective in scrapie prophylaxis, dose-dependently attenuated the injury. MCEC cultures from mice homogenous for the disrupted PrP gene were resistant to the toxicity of PrP106-126. In conclusion, cerebral endothelium expressing PrP(C) may be directly damaged during spongiform encephalopathies.     

腹腔镜联合纤维胆道镜胆总管探查82例

目的 探讨腹腔镜联合纤维胆道镜胆总管探查术的方法及临床应用价值。方法 回顾分析我院应用腹腔镜联合纤维胆道镜施胆总管探查取石术82例临床资料。结果 82例手术均获成功，胆总管切开取石T管引流术64例，胆总管Ⅰ期缝合18例，平均手术时间110min，Ⅰ期缝合后胆漏1例，T管引流术后第21天拔T管出现胆漏1例，术后结石残留3例。结论 腹腔镜联合纤维胆道镜胆总管探查术治疗肝内外胆管结石是安全、可行的，治疗效果肯定，微创意义明显。     

药品降价和采购调控对我院抗感染药物利用的影响

目的 :探讨药品降价和采购调控对医院抗感染药物利用的影响。方法 :采用回顾性方法对5次降价期间我院抗感染药物的应用情况进行分析。结果 :抗感染药物销售额占药品总销售额的比例逐年下降 ,但抗感染药物总体限定日费用逐年上升 ,各类抗感染药物的用药频度和总体限定日费用呈不同的变化趋势。结论 :宏观的药品降价对抗感染药物的合理应用起到了积极的干预作用 ,但效果远未达到最佳 ;微观的采购调控手段正发挥着不可替代的作用。