肺切除术影响围手术期右心功能

Objective To investigate the changes of perioperative right ventricular function after pulmonary resction. Methods 45 cases of pulmonary resection were divided into four groups.Group Ⅰwas wedge resection(n = 10), GroupⅡ was lobectomy(n = 19), Group Ⅲ was double lobectomy(n=7)and Group Ⅳ was pneumonectomy(n=9). The changes of CVP, PAMP, PEP/ET, Sa, VTIs, RVSP, Ea/Aa, and Tel were evaluated by traditional ultrasonic and tissue Doppler ultrasonic techniques at different time inter- vals (pre-operation, 5-7 days orland 1 month post-operation), Results Compared with the pre-operation CVP, the indexes of all groups have no significant changes post-operatively. Wedge resection didn' t obviously influence right cardiac after load and systolic function/diastolic function. No evidet changes detected in Tei pre-and post-operatively. However, the indexes (PAMP, RVSP and PEP/ET ratio) reflecting right cardiac afterload evidently increased at post-pneumonectomy or lobectomy group5- 7 days post-opera- tive. All these reflect the decrease of Tei, which was more obvious in pneumonectomy than in lobectomy group. Right cardiac after- load, systolic/diastolic function and Tel index recovered to pre-operative level 1 month post-operation in single lobectomy group. But the above indicators, especially the Tel, were still high in double lobectomy and pmeunonectomy groups 1 morth post-operation.Tei index is positively correlated with PAMP and is weakly correlated with PET/ET ratio and Ea/Aa ratio. Conclusion Pulmonary wedge resection doesn't evidently influence right cardiac function. However, right cardiac diastolic function evidently decreases temporarily at lobectomy group. The systolic function and diastolic funetions decrease after double-lobectomy and pneumonectomy and it's more evident in pneumonectomy group. Though the right cardiac afterloads of lobectomy, double lobectomy and pneumonectomy groupa all increase significantly post-operativlye, only the former recover to pre-operative level 1 month after surgery.     

前后路联合手术治疗髋臼双柱骨折疗效分析

目的:探讨前后路联合手术治疗髋臼双柱骨折的效果并分析影响疗效的相关因素。方法:2007年8月至2009年7月收治髋臼双柱骨折患者19例,男13例,女6例;年龄27～52岁,平均39.6岁。高位双柱骨折11例,低位双柱骨折8例,双柱骨折累及骶髂关节1例。受伤至手术时间4～11 d,平均5.8 d。患者均采用前后联合入路手术,重建钢板和螺钉内固定。结果:除1例死亡外本组全部获随访,随访时间12～18个月,平均13.6个月。关节功能根据Harris评分标准,术后功能优9例,良7例,可2例。结论:经前后路联合切开复位内固定治疗髋臼双柱骨折疗效满意。     

中药湿热敷辅助治疗周围性面瘫效果观察及护理

目的 观察周围性面瘫患者中药湿热敷的治疗效果.方法 将80例周围性面瘫患者随机分为对照组和观察组各40例.对照组采取常规药物治疗及护理,观察组在此基础上加用中药湿热敷治疗,观察两组治疗效果.结果 观察组治疗效果显著优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 中药湿热敷辅助治疗周围性面瘫患者效果好,且操作简便安全,无任何不良反应,适用于各期周围性面瘫患者.     

胃食管连接部腺癌淋巴结转移规律

目的 探讨胃食管连接部腺癌淋巴结转移的规律,总结该处淋巴结清扫的范围.方法 回顾手术治疗198例胃食管连接部腺癌患者的手术方式、Siewert分型、病理分期及各组淋巴结转移情况,探讨淋巴结转移的规律.结果 198例患者均行胸、腹两野淋巴结清扫术,淋巴结转移度为27.99％,淋巴结转移率为66.67％.淋巴结逐站转移130例,占98.48％(130/132例),跳跃式淋巴结转移1.52％(2/132例),分别转移置胃左动脉及腹腔干周围和隆凸下区.Ⅰ、Ⅱ型各组淋巴结转移率分别为:隆凸下淋巴结(6.25％、3.33％)、胸下段食管旁及下纵隔淋巴结( 25.00％、14.67％)、贲门右淋巴结(47.92％、52.00％)、贲门左淋巴结(31.25％、36.67％)、胃小弯淋巴结(43.75％、43.33％)、胃大弯淋巴结(27.08％、22.00％)、胃左动脉旁及腹腔干周围淋巴结(27.08％、30.00％).T1 +T2期者淋巴结转移率40.43％,T3+T4期者淋巴结转移率74.83％,两者间差异有统计学意义.Siewert Ⅰ型纵隔淋巴结转移率(27.08％)显著高于SiewertⅡ型者(14.67％),两者腹腔淋巴结转移率差异无统计学意义.结论 Siewert Ⅰ、Ⅱ型胃食管连接部腺癌有明显的胸、腹双向转移的趋势,应行胸、腹两野淋巴结清扫术,改良左胸切口能满足手术需要.     

腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎169例次临床分析及转归

目的探讨腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的致病菌和耐药性,及其与转归之间的关系。方法回顾性分析169例次腹膜透析相关性腹膜炎的临床资料、致病菌与耐药性,探讨其与转归的联系。结果116例次培养阳性,培养总阳性率达68．6％,近5年高达87．7％。致病菌中G^＋球菌占58例次（50％）,G^-杆菌45例次（38．8％）,真菌6例次（5．2％）,G^＋杆菌、G^-球菌及混合感染7例（6％）。G^＋球菌中最常见为葡萄球菌（56．8％）;G^-杆菌中大肠杆菌阳性率最高（62．2％）。从耐药性看,G^-杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高（76．7%）,对阿米卡星和哌拉西林／他唑巴坦的耐药率较低（2．9%、3．4％）。G^＋球菌对万古霉素均敏感,对利福平和哌拉西林／他唑巴坦的耐药率较低（2．1％、7．9％）。腹膜炎致持续非卧床腹膜透析（CAPD）退出率为10．1％（17／169）,以真菌腹膜炎为主。结论近5年本中心培养阳性率较高,及时采用血培养瓶留取标本很关键。G^-杆菌对阿米卡星和哌拉西林／他唑巴坦较敏感,而万古霉素、利福平和哌拉西林／他唑巴坦宜作为抗G^＋球菌的经验用药。真菌性腹膜炎是导致腹膜透析退出的主要原因。     

过氧化脂质体增生剂激活受体γ与腹膜透析相关性腹膜纤维化

终末期肾衰竭每年以5％～6％速度增加,目前我国依靠透析生存的患者已逾10万。腹膜透析是利用患者腹膜作为半透膜清除毒素和水分,为这类患者提供了有效治疗手段,与血液透析相比,具有费用低、操作易掌握、设备简单、对血流动力学影响较小、较好地保护残余肾功能等优势,因而越来越多的患者选择腹膜透析。但因腹膜透析液的生物不相容性和腹膜透析相关的腹膜炎的发生,