角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

卵磷脂络合碘在外伤性玻璃体出血的临床应用

目的探讨口服卵磷脂络合碘（沃丽汀）治疗外伤性玻璃体出血的疗效。方法对2005年2月至2005年7月在中山眼科中心就诊的门诊及收住院治疗的48例（48只眼）外伤性玻璃体出血患者,给予口服卵磷脂络合碘为主的药物治疗,并对伴有不同眼前段合并症及并发症的患者分别予必要的手术及辅之以地塞米松、甘露醇静脉滴注或皮质类固醇口服。结果本组病例中治愈32例,好转10例,无明显变化6例,总有效率为87.5%,治疗时间最短的为一个月,最长的为半年,对所有患者进行最终观察3个月到半年,均未发生继发性出血,有轻度玻璃体条索形成4例,遗留有轻度飞蚊症者6例,视力48例病人中42例病人提高至0.2以上。在应用卵磷脂络合碘过程中,未发现有因用药本身所致的不良反应。结论口服卵磷脂络合碘治疗外伤性玻璃体出血疗效可靠,且给药方便,患者较易接受。     

高度远视白内障患者人工晶状体屈光度数计算公式的选择

目的 比较Haigis、SRKⅡ、Hoffer Q、Hollady、SRK/T公式的准确性,以期为高度远视白内障患者植入的人工晶状体(IOL)屈光度数计算提供参考.方法 比较性研究.分析了24例(31只眼)行超声乳化白内障吸除联合后房型人工晶状体植入术的高度远视白内障患者,术前分别应用A超和IOL Master测量眼轴长度,计算人工晶状体度数,术后验光获得实测屈光度数.比较应用IOLMaster测量时Haigis、SRKⅡ、Hoffer Q、Hollady、SRK/T公式预测植入人工晶状体屈光度数的准确性,以及两种生物测量方法对各公式预测误差的影响.两种测量方法间的比较采用配对t检验.结果 (1)应用IOL Master测量时,Haigis公式的平均预测误差最小(0.37±0.14),随后依次为Hoffer Q、Hollday、SRK/T、SRK Ⅱ公式,分别为-0.70±0.12,-0.97±0.15,-1.25±0.14,-1.46±0.13.Haigis公式引起轻度的过矫,而其他公式则产生不同程度的欠矫.(2)A超的预测误差偏向正值,而IOL Master的预测误差却偏向负值.在A超测量眼轴时,Hoffer Q公式较为精确(-0.39±0.16),而在使用IOL Master时,Haigis更为精确(0.37±0.14).结论 高度远视白内障患者选择IOL屈光度数的计算公式,使用IOL Master测量时,建议选择Haigis公式,而采用A超测量时,选择Hoffer Q公式则能获得较为准确的IOL屈光度数.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

角膜和全眼高阶波前像差的特点及年龄相关性变化的研究

Objective To investigate age-related changes in corneal and ocular monochromatic high-er-order aberrations and elucidate the distribution of corneal primary spherical in Chinese. Methods Using Traeey-iTrace visual function analyzer (EyeSys corneal topography combined with a ray-tracing aberrometer),113 normal eyes of 59 Chinese,mean age of 33.81+20.50 years (range,5-73 years),were evaluated for corneal and ocular monochromatic total higher-order aberrations (HOAs), primary spherical aberration (Z40),total spherical (TS),total coma (TC),and total trefoil aberration (TT) in the central 6mm diameter. Correla-tion analysis was also performed to assess the association between age and both corneal and oeular higher-order aberrations. Results The mean Zemike coefficient of Z40 was (0.27±0.07) ?m (range,0.130～0.451). Al-though corneal Z40 increased slightly with age,the correlation was small and insignificant (r =0.172,p =0.069 ). However, ocular Z40 had a positive correlation with age (r =0.545,p =0.000 ). Analyzer showed positive correlations with age for both corneal (r=0.499,p =0.000) and ocular (r=0.427,p =0.000) HOAs. Positive correlations were also observed between age and both corneal (r=0.149,p =0.021 ) and ocular (r=0.253,p =0.007) TC. Corneal and ocular TT (r =0.344,p =0.000; r=0.185,p =0.050,respectively) were increased with age. No significant correlation was found between corneal TS and age (r =0.180,p =0.057 ), but TS of the whole eye in-creased with age (r =0.560,p =0.000). There was a positive correlation between corneal and ocular HOAs (r =0.327,p=0.000),TC (r=0.233 ,p=0.013),and TT (r=0.481 ,p=0.000) aberration. Conclusions These re-suits also suggest that the ocular HOAs,TC,and TT increase with age,mainly because of the increase in corneal HOAs,TC,and TT; and the ZAO aberration increases with age,mainly because of the increase in Z40 in the internal optics. Individual variability in corneal primary spherical aberration was observed in Chinese.Therefore, preoperative measurement of corneal Z40 is crucial to the selection of aspheric IOL.     

神经根撕脱后3种鼠类脊髓运动神经元的再生反应

背景臂丛撕脱损伤脊髓运动神经元的程度存在种属差异,神经元型一氧化氮合酶(Neuronal nitric oxide synthase,nNOS)基因与运动神经元的死亡密切相关.目的研究臂丛撕脱诱导受损运动神经元nNOS基因表达的种属差异.设计完全随机设计,对照实验研究.地点和材料中山大学动物实验中心提供实验所需SD大鼠、Hamster金黄地鼠、BALB/C小鼠各20只.干预3组动物分别行右侧臂丛撕脱术,2周后取C7段脊髓进行nNOS免疫细胞化学、NADPH-d酶组织化学和中性红活细胞染色.主要观察指标三种动物损伤侧脊髓前角nNOS阳性和存活的运动神经元数目.结果臂丛撕脱后2周,SD大鼠和金黄地鼠损伤侧前角都可见大量强阳性的nNOS运动神经元,而BALB/C小鼠却没有此反应.统计分析显示三组动物间nNOS阳性运动神经元数目有显著差异(F=501.502,P＜0.001)SD大鼠多于金黄地鼠(55.59%与42.26%,t=5.940,P＜0.001),多于BALB/C小鼠(55.59%与0%,t=51.651,P＜0.001),金黄地鼠多于BALB/C小鼠(42.26%与0%,t=21.452,P0.001);三组动物间存活的运动神经元数目也有显著差异(F=110.588,P＜0.001)SD大鼠多于金黄地鼠(87.29%与76.01%,t=5.252,P＜0.05),多于BAL/C小鼠(87.29%与57.38%,t=19.561,P<.001),金黄地鼠多于BALB/C小鼠(76.01%与57.38%,t=7.996,P＜0.001).结论臂丛撕脱后大鼠、金黄地鼠和小鼠nNOS表达的差异与损伤运动神经元死亡的种属差异密切相关,提示损伤诱导的nNOS基因表达可能参与受损运动神经元的再生反应.     

卵磷脂络合碘治疗外伤性玻璃体出血48例临床分析

目的 探讨口服卵磷脂络合碘治疗外伤性玻璃体出血的疗效。方法 对2005年2～7月在中山眼科中心就诊的门诊及收住院治疗的48例（48只眼）外伤性玻璃体出血患者，给予口服卵磷脂络合碘为主的药物治疗，并对伴有不同眼前段并发症及并发症的患者分别给予必要的手术及辅之以地塞米松、甘露醇静脉滴注或皮质类固醇口服。结果本组病例中治愈32例，好转104例，无明显变化的6例，总有效率为87．5％，治疗时间最短的1个月，最长的半年，对所有患者进行最终观察3个月到半年，均未发生继发性出血，有轻度玻璃体务索形成者为4例，遗留有轻度飞蚊症者6例，视力48例病人中42例病人提高至0．2以上。在应用卵磷脂络合碘过程中，未发现有因用药本身所致的不良反应和副作用。结论 口服卵磷脂络合碘治疗外伤性玻璃体出血疗效可靠，且给药方便．患者较易接受。     

医学人工智能通识课程的效果评估

目的:分析医学人工智能通识课程"眼科人工智能的研发与应用"的开展效果,为相关医学人工智能通识课程的开展提供参考和借鉴.方法:纵向观察性研究.观察分析2020年秋季学期眼科人工智能的研发与应用通识课程学生人群,课程考核结果以及学生对课程的整体评价.结果:共有118名本科生同学参与了课程学习.其中大部分为低年级临床医学专业...     

Reconstruction of orbital defect in rabbits with composite of calcium phosphate cement and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2

PURPOSE Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a biocompatible and osteoconductive bone substitute, and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has strong osteoinductibility, therefore we developed a composite bone substitute with CPC and rhBMP-2 and evaluate its reconstruction effect in rabbit orbital defect. METHODS Thirty-six rabbits were randomly divided into two groups and a 5mm×5mm×2mm bone defect in the infraorbital rim was induced by surgery in each orbit (72 orbits in all). The orbital defects were treated with pure CPC or composite of CPC and rhBMP-2. The osteogenesis ability of different bone substitute was evaluated by gross observation, histological examination, histomorphometrical evaluation, compressive load-to-failure testing, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS Gross observation showed that both bone substitutes were safe and effective for reconstruction of orbital defect. However, histological examination, histomorphometrical evaluation and SEM showed that CPC/rhBMP-2 group had faster speed in new bone formation and degradation of substitute material than CPC group. Compressive load-to-failure testing showed that CPC/rhBMP-2 group had stronger compressive strength than CPC group at every stage with significant difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Composite of CPC/rhBMP-2 is an ideal bioactive material for repairing orbital defect, with good osteoconductibility and osteoinductibility.     

碱烧伤后角膜新生淋巴管的实验研究

目的动态检测大鼠角膜碱烧伤后的角膜新生淋巴管和血管的变化,并阐明二者之间的关联。方法制备大鼠角膜碱烧伤模型,于碱烧伤后1周、2周行角膜组织电镜检查,检测角膜新生淋巴管与新生血管。5’核苷酸酶-碱性磷酸酶(5’-nase-alkaline phos-phatase,5’-NA-ALP)双重酶组织化学染色及全角膜免疫荧光染色分别检测碱烧伤后6h、1d、3d、1周、2周、3周、4周、5周、6周、7周、8周的角膜新生淋巴管和新生血管的动态变化,并进行淋巴管计数(lymphatic vessels counting,LVC)和血管计数(blood vessels counting,BVC)比较。结果电镜观察结果:角膜碱烧伤后1周,角膜基质层出现新生血管,未见淋巴管;碱烧伤后2周,新生血管和新生淋巴管均出现。酶组织化学染色结果显示:碱烧伤后6h有新生血管,1周时角膜基质层存在新生淋巴管,2周时LVC和BVC均达到高峰,分别为(16.41±1.00)个和(50.40±1.56)个;以后逐渐下降,5周时LVC为(0.33±0.50)个,BVC为(12.52±2.51)个;8周时均为0。碱烧伤后,新生淋巴管和新生血管呈显著性正...