眼痒难耐怎么办

眼部瘙痒是眼科门诊最常见的主诉之一,眼部瘙痒的原因多种多样,如果治疗不当会导致病变迁延不愈,甚至加重症状。     

西藏地区影响老年性白内障术后视力改善因素分析

Objective To analyze impact factors for visual acuity improvement of senile cataract surgery in Tibet prospectively. Methods Of 278 cases were included. To study relations of visual acuity improvement between pre- and post-cataract surgery with patient age, nucleus classification, small incision cataract surgery (SICS) or Phacoemulsification (PHACO) and corneal edema. LogMAR chart was used in visual acuity analysis. Results 1. Univariate analysis: There was no significant difference between PHACO group and SICS group on visual acuity improvement (PHACO 0.92± 0.48, SICS 0.83± 0.46, P ＞0.05). Age group for 70- and 80- years-old had less improvement on visual acuity (P ＜0.05). Diffuse corneal edema had much more influence than central corneal edema on visual acuity improvement (0.52± 0.42, 0.70± 0.44, diffuse vs central, respectively). 2. Multivariate analysis: There were significant differences in age and location of corneal edema on visual acuity improvement (P ＜0.05). Conclusions There is no significant difference on visual acuity improvement between PHACO and SICS. Ophthalmologist can choose either PHACO or SICS for better rehabilitation of visual acuity, depending on area economics, his own experience and so on in Tibet. Visual acuity improvement in cataract surgery is significantly affected by the age of the patients. Since medication is deficient in Tebit, screening of cataract in Tibet is very important for detecting and treating cataract as early as possible. Diffuse corneal edema has much more influence than central edema on visual acuity improvement when corneal edema degrees are not different. It's important to avoid corneal endothelium damage in cataract surgery.     

白内障超声乳化吸除术和囊外摘除术初学者玻璃体脱出危险因素分析

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to vitreous loss of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction. Methods The clinical data of the initial continuous 350 cases of pha-coemulsification and 350 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction were reviewed. Vitreous loss rate related to each risk factors (gender, age, laterality of the eye,type of cataract, IOL power,success of capsulorhexis,coordinafion of the patients, etc) were measured. Chi-square and Logistic analysis were used to identify the differ-ence of each rate. Results In the ECCE group, there is no significance among each risk factor. In the Phaco group,type of cataract,IOL power and capsulorhexis successful or not affected the vitreous loss rate. Grade IV nuclear,unsuccessful capsulorhexis, IOL power ≥ 24.5D, IOL power ≤ 15.0D and grade Ⅰ nuclear are the risk factors related to the vitreous loss rate,while grade Ⅱ nuclear is a significant protect factor (p <0.05). Conclu-sion The trainees are suggested to choose patients with emmetropia,cataract with grade n nuclear and relative young age and to perform phacoemulsification with successful capsulorhexis.     

白内障超声乳化吸除术和囊外摘除术初学者玻璃体脱出危险因素分析

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to vitreous loss of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction. Methods The clinical data of the initial continuous 350 cases of pha-coemulsification and 350 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction were reviewed. Vitreous loss rate related to each risk factors (gender, age, laterality of the eye,type of cataract, IOL power,success of capsulorhexis,coordinafion of the patients, etc) were measured. Chi-square and Logistic analysis were used to identify the differ-ence of each rate. Results In the ECCE group, there is no significance among each risk factor. In the Phaco group,type of cataract,IOL power and capsulorhexis successful or not affected the vitreous loss rate. Grade IV nuclear,unsuccessful capsulorhexis, IOL power ≥ 24.5D, IOL power ≤ 15.0D and grade Ⅰ nuclear are the risk factors related to the vitreous loss rate,while grade Ⅱ nuclear is a significant protect factor (p <0.05). Conclu-sion The trainees are suggested to choose patients with emmetropia,cataract with grade n nuclear and relative young age and to perform phacoemulsification with successful capsulorhexis.     

白内障超声乳化吸除术和囊外摘除术初学者玻璃体脱出危险因素分析

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to vitreous loss of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction. Methods The clinical data of the initial continuous 350 cases of pha-coemulsification and 350 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction were reviewed. Vitreous loss rate related to each risk factors (gender, age, laterality of the eye,type of cataract, IOL power,success of capsulorhexis,coordinafion of the patients, etc) were measured. Chi-square and Logistic analysis were used to identify the differ-ence of each rate. Results In the ECCE group, there is no significance among each risk factor. In the Phaco group,type of cataract,IOL power and capsulorhexis successful or not affected the vitreous loss rate. Grade IV nuclear,unsuccessful capsulorhexis, IOL power ≥ 24.5D, IOL power ≤ 15.0D and grade Ⅰ nuclear are the risk factors related to the vitreous loss rate,while grade Ⅱ nuclear is a significant protect factor (p <0.05). Conclu-sion The trainees are suggested to choose patients with emmetropia,cataract with grade n nuclear and relative young age and to perform phacoemulsification with successful capsulorhexis.     

白内障超声乳化吸除术和囊外摘除术初学者玻璃体脱出危险因素分析

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to vitreous loss of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction. Methods The clinical data of the initial continuous 350 cases of pha-coemulsification and 350 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction were reviewed. Vitreous loss rate related to each risk factors (gender, age, laterality of the eye,type of cataract, IOL power,success of capsulorhexis,coordinafion of the patients, etc) were measured. Chi-square and Logistic analysis were used to identify the differ-ence of each rate. Results In the ECCE group, there is no significance among each risk factor. In the Phaco group,type of cataract,IOL power and capsulorhexis successful or not affected the vitreous loss rate. Grade IV nuclear,unsuccessful capsulorhexis, IOL power ≥ 24.5D, IOL power ≤ 15.0D and grade Ⅰ nuclear are the risk factors related to the vitreous loss rate,while grade Ⅱ nuclear is a significant protect factor (p <0.05). Conclu-sion The trainees are suggested to choose patients with emmetropia,cataract with grade n nuclear and relative young age and to perform phacoemulsification with successful capsulorhexis.     

白内障超声乳化吸除术和囊外摘除术初学者玻璃体脱出危险因素分析

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to vitreous loss of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction. Methods The clinical data of the initial continuous 350 cases of pha-coemulsification and 350 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction were reviewed. Vitreous loss rate related to each risk factors (gender, age, laterality of the eye,type of cataract, IOL power,success of capsulorhexis,coordinafion of the patients, etc) were measured. Chi-square and Logistic analysis were used to identify the differ-ence of each rate. Results In the ECCE group, there is no significance among each risk factor. In the Phaco group,type of cataract,IOL power and capsulorhexis successful or not affected the vitreous loss rate. Grade IV nuclear,unsuccessful capsulorhexis, IOL power ≥ 24.5D, IOL power ≤ 15.0D and grade Ⅰ nuclear are the risk factors related to the vitreous loss rate,while grade Ⅱ nuclear is a significant protect factor (p <0.05). Conclu-sion The trainees are suggested to choose patients with emmetropia,cataract with grade n nuclear and relative young age and to perform phacoemulsification with successful capsulorhexis.     

Th1/Th2细胞因子mRNA的表达与角膜缘移植排斥的关系

目的 研究细胞因子（IL-2、IFN-r、IL-4、IL-10）在大鼠角膜缘移植模型中的动态表达,探讨其与移植排斥反应发生的关系.方法 将大鼠随机分为同种异体移植组（BN→Lewis）、同体移植组（Lewis→Lewis）,并以健康大鼠作为正常对照,用实时定量PCR方法,在术后1、3、7、14、30 d分别检测角膜缘组织中细胞因子（IL-2、IFN-r、IL-4、IL-10）mRNA的表达,并观察大鼠眼表变化,判断排斥反应的发生.结果 IL-2及IFN-r在异体移植组的表达较同体移植组明显升高,除术后第1 d外,各时间点差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.术后7 d两组同时达高峰,随后逐渐下降.IL-4及IL-10 mRNA在两组表达量较低,各时间点差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 在大鼠异体角膜缘移植排斥过程中,Th1细胞因子IL-2、IFN-r发挥了重要的作用.     

玻璃体切除术后白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术

目的：探讨玻璃体切除术后的白内障手术技巧及术式的选择。方法：玻璃体腔灌注维持眼内压、行白内障囊外摘除或超声乳化或（和）人工晶体植入术。结果：本文对18例玻璃体除术后白内障患者中,8例行囊外摘除及人工晶体植入术,5例行超声乳化及人工晶体植入术,5例单纯囊外摘除术。13例术后视力≥0.1占72％,8例视力≥0．3占44％,术后视力无改善及下降者5例占27．7％。手术并发症有晶体核脱位至玻璃体腔内1例、玻璃体出血1例。结论：玻璃体切除术后的白内障手术必须应用玻璃体腔体灌注维持及调整眼内压;对于白内障核硬化明显的患者,白内障囊外摘除比超声乳化更适用。     

白内障超声乳化吸除术和囊外摘除术初学者玻璃体脱出危险因素分析

Objective To investigate the risk factors related to vitreous loss of phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction. Methods The clinical data of the initial continuous 350 cases of pha-coemulsification and 350 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction were reviewed. Vitreous loss rate related to each risk factors (gender, age, laterality of the eye,type of cataract, IOL power,success of capsulorhexis,coordinafion of the patients, etc) were measured. Chi-square and Logistic analysis were used to identify the differ-ence of each rate. Results In the ECCE group, there is no significance among each risk factor. In the Phaco group,type of cataract,IOL power and capsulorhexis successful or not affected the vitreous loss rate. Grade IV nuclear,unsuccessful capsulorhexis, IOL power ≥ 24.5D, IOL power ≤ 15.0D and grade Ⅰ nuclear are the risk factors related to the vitreous loss rate,while grade Ⅱ nuclear is a significant protect factor (p <0.05). Conclu-sion The trainees are suggested to choose patients with emmetropia,cataract with grade n nuclear and relative young age and to perform phacoemulsification with successful capsulorhexis.