颅内血肿导致双侧瞳孔散大的观察及护理

本文总结1993－1997年我科治疗颅内血肿致双侧瞳孔散大患者72例。其中，未手术16例，均死亡；手术56例，死亡32例。现将治疗及护理体会总结如下。l临床资料本组男59例，女13例，年龄8～73岁。其中，GCS3～5分sl例，6～8分ZI例；脑挫裂伤伴项内血肿29例，硬膜外血肿23例，弥漫性轴索损伤3例，脑血管病变及其它17例；双膜散大至手术时间：＜于30minll例，30～60min27例，＞60minis门。双侧瞳孔散大静脉满注甘民醉后一侧瞳孔缩小者18例。2临床观荣本经病人均为GCS评分8分或8分以下的病人，病情危重，愈后较差。根据实验证明，双侧瞳孔散大…     

地方病调查中随机数字表的应用

在地方病抽样调查过程中,为了获取有代表性的样本,常采用随机化的方法.在实际工作中若调查总体不大的情况下,常通过随机数字表来实现.作者以吉林省克山病病情调查为例介绍随机抽样中随机数字表的使用方法,为地方病现场调查提供参考.     

微创穿刺治疗脑出血62例的护理

脑出血发病突然,病情凶险,常迅速昏迷、窒息以至死亡,以往用常规开颅血肿清除术,术前准备复杂,术中出血多,术后并发症、后遗症多,恢复慢。近几年来我院采用颅脑穿刺治疗,该类手术具有损伤微小,操作简便,安全有效等特点[1,2]。现将护理体会总结如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料均经CT确诊为急性脑出血患者62例,男39例,女23例,年龄18～75岁(平均56.2)岁。高血压脑出血54例,脑动脉瘤5例,脑动脉畸形2例,脑静脉畸形1例。1.2方法根据CT片定位选定穿刺点,常规消毒皮肤,利多卡因局麻,钻孔,选用合适长度的YL-型粉碎针刺入血肿腔,用10ml注射器抽吸,用生…     

黑龙江省克山病病区内外环境硒水平及人群柯萨奇B组病毒感染现况调查

目的 了解黑龙江省克山病病区内外环境硒水平及柯萨奇B组病毒(CVB)人群感染情况,为采取有针对性的防治措施提供依据.方法 在克山病病区设立病区病例组和病区对照组,在非病区设立非病区对照组,采集血液样品用于检测血硒及CVB IgM抗体,同时采集病区和非病区土壤、粮食用于硒测定;硒的测定采用氢化物发生原子荧光光度法.CVB IgM抗体采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测.结果 病区土壤、玉米、小麦、大豆含硒量[(0.092±0.011)、(0.003±0.001)、(0.005±0.003)、(0.006±0.001)mg/kg]均低于非病区[(0.198±0.016)、(0.012±0.004)、(0.037±0.007)、(0.037±0.008)mg/kg],二者比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为17.007、8.551、15.842、12.109,P<0.01).病区病例组血硒[(34.803±13.302)μg/L]低于病区对照组[(41.235 ±13.571)μg/L],二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);病区病例组、病区对照组、非病区对照组的CVB感染阳性率分别为90.0%(36/40)、68.3%(41/46)、45.8%(22/48),病区和非病区CVB感染的比值比(OR)为3.957,95%可信区间为1.898～8.246;病区病例组和病区对照组CVB感染的OR值为4.171,95%可信区间为1.298～13.404;CVB感染组与未感染组血硒水平比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.179,P>0.05).结论 黑龙江省克山病病区仍存在低硒及CVB感染情况.     

克山病患者抗氧化能力测定

Objective To explore the relationship between myocardial damage and antioxidant capacity in vivo of Keshan disease patients and to analyze the possible pathogenesis. Methods In the period from 2005 to 2006, 41 chronic and latent Keshan disease cases were chosen as the case group from such serious endemic areas as Yongjin Village, Xinfa Village of Fuyu County, Fuan Village of Shangzhi County, Xinghuo Village of Wudalianchi County, 61 healthy people from the same area as internal controls, 48 healthy people from Xianglansan Village of Wangkui County, an un-endemic area, as external control. Fasting peripheral venous blood was collected from all the people. And blood selenium, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and suporoxide dismutase.(T-SOD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were examined. Results Blood selenium level of the patient group [(34.80±13.30) μg/L], GSH-Px[(104.10±34.19)U/L]and T-SOD[(92.16±17.98)×103 U/L]actives were significantly lower than the internal control group [(41.24±13.57)μg/L, (118.57±25.49)U/L, (104.82±13.56)×103 U/L]and the external control group [(48.33±16.51)μg/L, (155.00±24.01)U/L, (108.48±12.73)×103 U/L], respectively, with a statistically significant difference(all P < 0.05). MDA level of the patient group[(7.12± 1.37)μmol/L]was higher than that in the internal control group[(5.36±1.18)μmol/L]and the external control group[(5.22±0.83)μmol/L]with a statistically significant differences(both P < 0.05). The blood selenium level, GSH-Px activity of internal control group was resoectively lower than that in the external control group, the differences being statistically significant(beth P < 0.05). Conclusions Selenium deficiency may lead to reduced antioxidant capacity and enhanced oxidative damage in Keshan disease patients in vivo. There may be a certain relationship between oxidative stress disorder and myocardial damage of Keshan disease.     

克山病患者抗氧化能力测定

Objective To explore the relationship between myocardial damage and antioxidant capacity in vivo of Keshan disease patients and to analyze the possible pathogenesis. Methods In the period from 2005 to 2006, 41 chronic and latent Keshan disease cases were chosen as the case group from such serious endemic areas as Yongjin Village, Xinfa Village of Fuyu County, Fuan Village of Shangzhi County, Xinghuo Village of Wudalianchi County, 61 healthy people from the same area as internal controls, 48 healthy people from Xianglansan Village of Wangkui County, an un-endemic area, as external control. Fasting peripheral venous blood was collected from all the people. And blood selenium, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and suporoxide dismutase.(T-SOD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were examined. Results Blood selenium level of the patient group [(34.80±13.30) μg/L], GSH-Px[(104.10±34.19)U/L]and T-SOD[(92.16±17.98)×103 U/L]actives were significantly lower than the internal control group [(41.24±13.57)μg/L, (118.57±25.49)U/L, (104.82±13.56)×103 U/L]and the external control group [(48.33±16.51)μg/L, (155.00±24.01)U/L, (108.48±12.73)×103 U/L], respectively, with a statistically significant difference(all P < 0.05). MDA level of the patient group[(7.12± 1.37)μmol/L]was higher than that in the internal control group[(5.36±1.18)μmol/L]and the external control group[(5.22±0.83)μmol/L]with a statistically significant differences(both P < 0.05). The blood selenium level, GSH-Px activity of internal control group was resoectively lower than that in the external control group, the differences being statistically significant(beth P < 0.05). Conclusions Selenium deficiency may lead to reduced antioxidant capacity and enhanced oxidative damage in Keshan disease patients in vivo. There may be a certain relationship between oxidative stress disorder and myocardial damage of Keshan disease.     

克山病病区普通人群心电图结果分析

克山病是一种地方性心肌病。自有记载以来已有70多年历史。20世纪50年代克山病多以急型、亚急型发病为主要表现,而目前克山病患者以潜在型或慢型多见,临床表现多不典型。但病区内     

2006年黑龙江省富裕县克山病病情监测分析

目的了解2006年富裕县克山病监测点富金监测村(44号)、龙山监测村(40号)克山病患病和发病情况。方法按照"克山病监测方案"及《克山病诊断标准》(GB17021-1997),对监测点区居民进行检诊。结果2006年2个点区共检诊432人,检出克山病病例10例,总检出率2.3%,其中潜在型6例,慢型4例,检出率分别为1.4%、0.9%,富金村(44号)有2例慢型克山病病例死亡,新检出3例潜在型,1例慢型病例。结论在历史轻病区有新检出的克山病病例和病例死亡出现,说明克山病区仍有致病因子的作用,必须坚持进行克山病监测,并提高现有病人的生活质量,加强克山病防治知识的宣传等。     

心先安治疗充血性心力衰竭20例临床观察

<正> 心先安化学名称为环磷酸腺苷葡甲胺,为新型的环磷腺苷酸类药,国内外报道静脉注射心先安具有促进心肌收缩,增加冠脉流量,改善心输出量,降低心肌耗氧量,降低外周血管阻力等作用。我们于1997年11月至1998年9月应用心先安注射液治疗充血性心力衰竭20例,取得了满意疗效,结果如下。     

地方病调查中随机数字表的应用

在地方病抽样调查过程中,为了获取有代表性的样本,常采用随机化的方法.在实际工作中若调查总体不大的情况下,常通过随机数字表来实现.作者以吉林省克山病病情调查为例介绍随机抽样中随机数字表的使用方法,为地方病现场调查提供参考.