贵州省12家医院手术室洁净环境现状调查

摘要 目的 了解贵州省医院手术室环境洁净现状。方法 采用现场监测,根据国家标准对贵州省12家医院71间手术室进行尘埃粒子、沉降菌、静压差、温度、湿度、最小换气次数、风速、照度和噪声的静态检测。结果 除Ⅰ级手术室手术区和周边区的沉降菌指标合格率均为100.00%,Ⅱ、Ⅲ级手术室手术区沉降菌指标合格率（100.00%、86.67%）均高于周边区合格率（92.86%、84.44%）;Ⅰ、Ⅲ级手术室手术区的尘埃粒子数合格率高于或等于周边区合格率;Ⅰ、Ⅱ级手术室的温度和相对湿度,以及Ⅰ级手术室的照度合格率均为100.00%;Ⅲ级手术室相对湿度、温度和照度合格率较高,合格率分别均为93.33%、91.11%和91.11%;噪声是各级手术室超标率最高的指标,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级手术室的合格率分别为75.00%、64.29%和77.78%。结论 贵州省医院洁净手术室管理整体较规范,但仍存在部分指标不达标的情况,需要加强监督管理和日常监测。     

2016版压力性损伤指南在妇科腹腔镜截石位手术中的应用效果观察

[目的]探讨妇科腹腔镜截石位手术压力性损伤的危险因素及护理对策。[方法]检索中国知网腹腔镜截石位手术妇科病人压力性损伤相关情况,根据检索结果分析压力性损伤发生危险因素,结合2016版压力性损伤最新指南制定针对性护理干预措施,应用于2017年7月—2017年12月腹腔镜截石位手术妇科病人,观察病人压力性损伤发生情况及对手术室护理工作满意情况。[结果]2017年7月—2017年12月腹腔镜截石位手术妇科病人未发生压力性损伤,病人对护理工作满意度为98.3%。[结论]针对妇科腹腔镜截石位手术压力性损伤危险因素实施针对性干预措施,有助于降低压力性损伤的发生率,提高手术室护理服务满意度。     

基于粒计算的模糊神经建模方法在电能输出预测中的应用

准确地预测电厂的电能输出可以节约成本从而获得最大利润,因此建立一个模型来预测电厂的满载电功率输出是非常重要的。粒计算(Granular Computing, GrC)是一种新型的数据挖掘方法,它将具有类似特性的对象组合在一起,通过选择合适的粒度提取核心信息,减少冗余,降低问题求解的复杂度。本文使用GrC方法,从复杂多维数据集中以信息粒的形式建立初始的模糊推理系统,再通过模糊神经网络学习方法对系统参数进行优化。这种基于GrC的模糊神经(Granular Computing based Neuro-Fuzzy, GrC-NF)建模方法,不仅可以降低问题求解的复杂度,而且可以保持模糊逻辑系统的可解释性,将其与模糊神经网络的结合又提高了建模精度。本文将该方法用于建立电功率输出的预测模型,通过其预测精度的比较表明了该方法的优越性。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

流行性脑脊髓膜炎并发肝功损伤及腹水一例

患者　男 ,3岁。主因发热头痛 3天 ,昏迷 1天入院。查体 :体温 38 3℃ ,呼之不应 ,对强刺激有反应。周身未见出血点、瘀点、瘀斑。左眼向右凝视 ,双瞳孔约 1mm ,对光反应弱 ,颈项强直 (+++) ,右侧Babinski征 (+) ,双侧Kering征 (+)。血常规WBC 16 8× 10 9/L、Lym 6 %、Mon 10 2 %、GRA83 8%、Plt 175× 10 9/L。脑脊液 :外观呈毛玻璃样浑浊 ,细胞数 16 0 0× 10 6 /L ,Pandy(++) ,蛋白质 0 8g/L、糖 (- )、氯化物 12 6mmol/L ,镜检呈中性粒细胞反应 ,革兰氏染色细胞浆内找到 3对G- 双球菌。诊断 :流行性脑脊髓膜炎 (爆发性脑膜…     

以社区为基础的静脉吸毒人群共用注射器具行为特征研究

目的 了解凉山彝族自治州某地静脉吸毒人群共用注射器具的行为特征。方法 以社区为基础调查静脉吸毒人群人口学和共用注射器具吸毒行为情况。结果 在静脉吸毒的379人中，曾经共用注射器具的247人(65．2％)；近3个月使用别人用过的注射器具吸毒的166人(43．8％)。本人静脉注射转变到与他人共用注射器具吸毒的平均时间为363．73天，其中87人(35．2％)首次静脉注射吸毒即与他人共用注射器具。彝族吸毒人群从本人静脉吸毒转变到与他人共用注射器具吸毒的时间短，与他人共用注射器具吸毒的次数，以及近3个月使用别人用过的注射器具吸毒的次数，高于其他吸毒人群。低文化水平吸毒人群从本人静脉吸毒转变到与他人共用注射器具吸毒的时间短，与他人共用注射器具吸毒的次数，以及近3个月使用别人用过的注射器具吸毒的次数，高于其他吸毒人群。结论 针对彝族和低文化水平吸毒人群开展干预，以改变共用注射器具静脉吸毒的高危行为。     

卡托普利辅助治疗婴幼儿肺炎并发心力衰竭的疗效观察

婴幼儿重症肺炎易并发心力衰竭(下称心衰)，病死率为20％～30％。2002年3月至2003年4月，我们应用卡托普利辅助治疗婴幼儿肺炎心衰，取得满意疗效。现报告如下。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.