中国广东盲人流行病学研究

1983.9-1984.7我们对广东省657,450人口进行了盲人流行病学调查。盲人诊断标准统一采用WHO 方案,即最佳矫正视力低于0.05或视野在10°以内为失明者。调查的地区包括广州市和农村,调查队由中山医科大学、中山眼科中心组织和领导。调查结果表明:在657,450人口中发现1,421例盲人,总盲人患病率为2.16‰,男性盲人率1.45％。,女性2.86％。,1,421例盲人中男性471人,女性950人,男:女为1∶1.97。四个地区标准化盲人率崖县最高(3.99‰),其余依次是连县2.25‰,新会县(双水区)1.79‰,广州市(0.99‰)。农村与城市盲人率比较,农村明显高于广州(2.78‰-0.99‰)。盲人率随年龄的增长而增加,我们发现50岁以上年龄组患病率为7.04%,25岁组为1.46‰,15岁组为0.45‰,0岁组为0.38‰,出现盲目的年龄以40-80岁年龄组最为多见(77.6%)。失明的主要原因为白内障(36%),眼球萎缩/无眼球(20%),角膜混浊(14%),青光眼(12%)等,盲目病因学以非感染性疾患占多数(80.16%),其中以退行性病变为主(如白内障),农村白内障致盲比率明显高于广州(71.1%-28.9%),农村感染性疾患中以沙眼最为常见(10.9%),其致盲率为广州的6倍(14.6%∶2.4%)。白内障患病率的不同,可能与阳光日射量有关,例如崖县位于我国最南方,日照时间每年为2500小时,白内障致盲的患病率高达3.4‰。1,421例盲人中有77%属于文盲。若按调查结果的数字进行估计,我省约有13万盲人,其中约有4万人属于可治性盲。本文对致盲可能的危险因素亦作了扼要的讨论。     

IL-1ra抑制IL-1α诱导的眼眶成纤维细胞表达ICAM-1

【目的】明确IL-1ra是否对IL-1α诱导的眼眶成纤维细胞表达ICAM-1有抑制作用及生物学意义,探讨表达ICAM-1在IL-1α诱导的外周血单个核细胞与眼眶成纤维细胞黏附中所起的作用。【方法】以IL-1α或/和IL-1ra处理培养的Graves’眼病(GO)患者和正常人眼眶成纤维细胞。用半定量RT-PCR法检测IL-1ra对IL-1α诱导的眼眶成纤维细胞表达ICAM-1 mRNA的影响;用Western blot法和细胞免疫化学法检测IL-1ra对IL-1α诱导的眼眶成纤维细胞表达ICAM-1蛋白的影响;用荧光显微镜检测预先标记的外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)与培养的眼眶成纤维细胞的黏附能力。用抗ICAM-1中和抗体来显示ICAM-1在IL-1α诱导的黏附过程中所起的作用。【结果】IL-1ra抑制IL-1α诱导的GO患者和正常人眼眶成纤维细胞表达ICAM-1 mRNA和蛋白呈剂量依赖性;IL-1ra抑制IL-1α诱导的PBMC与眼眶成纤维细胞的黏附呈浓度及时间依赖性。ICAM-1 mRNA和蛋白被抑制的方式与眼眶成纤维细胞受IL-1ra处理后与PBMC黏附的减弱明显平行。而且,抗ICAM-1单克隆抗体抑制PBMC黏附到眼眶成纤维细胞呈浓度依赖性。【结论】IL-1ra能够在mRNA和蛋白水平抑制IL-1α诱导的眼眶成纤维细胞表达ICAM-1,IL-1ra抑制IL-1α诱导的眼眶成纤维细胞表达ICAM-1可能在减弱IL-1α诱导的PBMC黏附到成     

CLINICAL STUDIES OF PRIMARY ANGLE CLOSURE GLAUCOMA

ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＦＰＲＩＭＡＲＹＡＮＧＬＥＣＬＯＳＵＲＥＧＬＡＵＣＯＭＡＷａｎｇＮｉｎｇｌｉ王宁利，ＺｈｏｕＷｅｎｂｉｎ周文炳，ＹｅＴｉａｎｃａｉ叶天才，ＷｕＺｈｏｎｇｙａｏ吴中耀，ＬｉｕＨｕａ刘华ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＦＰ...     

端粒酶抑制剂对葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞生长的抑制作用

Objective To study the restrain effects of two telomerase inhibitors included IFN-α2b (interferon-α2b)and CDDP(cisplatin;cis-dichlorodiamine platinum)to uveal melanoma cells of human eyes,and to provide theory bases for chemotherary of uveal melanoma.Methods Applied IFN-α2b and CDDP to the primary cultured uveal melanoma cells of human eyes individually with different concentration and duration,and compared with control group.Morphological changes were observed by inverted optical and electronic microscope,and the restrain effects were detected by MTT.Results More and more morphological changes of restraint and apoptosis of cells were observed with the increasing concentration and duration of IFN-α 2b and CDDP.When action durations were 72 h.the cells were inhibited with the concentration more than 500 IU/ml(IFN-α 2b)and 1.00 mg/L(CDDP)respectively.The cells restrain rates were(66.1±4.7)%and(74.0+3.3)%with the concentration more than 5000 IU/ml(IFN-α2b)and 10 mg/L (CDDP),and the rates were higher than before(P<0.001).When concentrations were 5000 IU/ml(IFN-α2b)and 10.00 mg/L(CDDP),cells were inhibited at 48 h and the restrain rates were(67.9±8.1)%and(76.5±1.61%at 72 h,respectively,(P相似文献   

端粒酶抑制剂对葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞生长的抑制作用

Objective To study the restrain effects of two telomerase inhibitors included IFN-α2b (interferon-α2b)and CDDP(cisplatin;cis-dichlorodiamine platinum)to uveal melanoma cells of human eyes,and to provide theory bases for chemotherary of uveal melanoma.Methods Applied IFN-α2b and CDDP to the primary cultured uveal melanoma cells of human eyes individually with different concentration and duration,and compared with control group.Morphological changes were observed by inverted optical and electronic microscope,and the restrain effects were detected by MTT.Results More and more morphological changes of restraint and apoptosis of cells were observed with the increasing concentration and duration of IFN-α 2b and CDDP.When action durations were 72 h.the cells were inhibited with the concentration more than 500 IU/ml(IFN-α 2b)and 1.00 mg/L(CDDP)respectively.The cells restrain rates were(66.1±4.7)%and(74.0+3.3)%with the concentration more than 5000 IU/ml(IFN-α2b)and 10 mg/L (CDDP),and the rates were higher than before(P<0.001).When concentrations were 5000 IU/ml(IFN-α2b)and 10.00 mg/L(CDDP),cells were inhibited at 48 h and the restrain rates were(67.9±8.1)%and(76.5±1.61%at 72 h,respectively,(P相似文献   

甲状腺相关眼病患者血清中抵抗素水平的测定

目的检测甲状腺相关眼病（TAO）患者血清中抵抗素的表达水平。方法 TAO患者血清样本来自有典型临床症状且近3个月内未服用糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂的TAO患者35例,按CAS临床活动度评分标准将其分为2组：非活动期（CAS〈4）18例和活动期（CAS≥4）17例,另外选取正常对照组15例。使用ELISA法检测血清中抵抗素蛋白的表达情况。结果活动期与非活动期TAO患者血清中抵抗素水平分别为（12.103±5.042）mg/L和（13.470±3.749）mg/L,差异无统计学意义（t=0.906,P=0.371）;正常对照组血清抵抗素水平为（21.894±10.589）mg/L,非活动期、活动期TAO组血清抵抗素水平分别为（12.103±5.042）mg/L和（13.470±3.749）mg/L,均较正常对照组明显下降（t=3.074,P=0.004;t=3.485,P=0.001）。男女患者血清中抵抗素水平分别为（13.175±4.483）mg/L和（12.335±4.511）mg/L,差异无统计学意义（t=0.552,P=0.585）。随着年龄的增加,血清中抵抗素水平逐渐升高,各年龄组间比较差异有统计学意义（F=24.978,P=0.000）。结论 TAO患者血清中抵抗素水平低于正常人,说明影响血清中抵抗素水平的仍是甲状腺激素,并且血清中抵抗素水平随年龄的增加而升高。     

虹膜睫状体肿物的超声生物显微镜检查

目的 探讨超声生物显微镜（ultrasound biomicroscope, UBM）在虹膜睫状体肿物诊断治疗中的应用价值。 方法 对34例怀疑虹膜睫状体肿物的患者的35只患眼以UBM（Humphrey 840型，扫描频率50 MHz，扫描深度范围5 mm×5 mm）检查，17例行眼科专用B型超声或彩色超声检查,5例行CT检查，并对21只患眼手术切除的病变组织作病理组织学检查。 结果 35只患眼虹膜睫状体肿物可被UBM发现并确定其起始部位。其中UBM诊断前房虹膜囊肿6只眼,病理诊断虹膜植入性囊肿3只眼;UBM诊断虹膜后囊肿13例14只眼,病理诊断虹膜后囊肿3只眼;UBM诊断虹膜睫状体肿物15只眼,病理诊断睫状体黑瘤7只眼，虹膜睫状体转移癌4只眼，睫状体神经鞘瘤1只眼，平滑肌瘤1只眼，睫状体黑色素细胞瘤1只眼，色素上皮腺癌1只眼。 结论 UBM检查能发现虹膜睫状体部位的肿瘤并提供其大小、范围和结构信息，有助于了解病变的位置、性质，有助于手术设计和肿物的完全切除。 (中华眼底病杂志, 2002, 18: 128-130)     

视网膜母细胞瘤的生存率和预后因素研究

目的研究视网膜母细胞瘤(Rb)的生存率及预后因素。方法随访1997～2001年102例Rb患者的生存状况,进行Rb的生存率和相关预后因素分析。结果随访102例Rb患者,平均随访时间为45.2个月。81例存活(79.4%),21例死亡(20.6%);1、3、5年的生存率分别为87.25%、81.37%和78.79%。单眼、双眼患者生存率分别为84.52%和54.55%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);病程≤6个月的生存率为85.36%,病程>6个月的生存率为58.33%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);12例眶组织侵犯,存活5例,死亡7例,生存率为41.67%,眶组织未受侵犯组生存率为83.78%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);10例进行眼球保守治疗,5例成功;93例Ⅰ期行眼球摘除术的患者中,84例行Ⅰ期义眼座植入术,其中73例(86.9%)存活,11例(13.1%)死亡。结论 102例Rb患者42个月后生存率达到78.72%。双眼患者、病程>6个月和眶组织侵犯者预后较差,生存率低。Rb患者有一定的保守治疗成功率,Rb患者行眼球摘除术时,可选择联合行Ⅰ期义眼座植入。     

端粒酶抑制剂对葡萄膜黑色素瘤细胞生长的抑制作用

Objective To study the restrain effects of two telomerase inhibitors included IFN-α2b (interferon-α2b)and CDDP(cisplatin;cis-dichlorodiamine platinum)to uveal melanoma cells of human eyes,and to provide theory bases for chemotherary of uveal melanoma.Methods Applied IFN-α2b and CDDP to the primary cultured uveal melanoma cells of human eyes individually with different concentration and duration,and compared with control group.Morphological changes were observed by inverted optical and electronic microscope,and the restrain effects were detected by MTT.Results More and more morphological changes of restraint and apoptosis of cells were observed with the increasing concentration and duration of IFN-α 2b and CDDP.When action durations were 72 h.the cells were inhibited with the concentration more than 500 IU/ml(IFN-α 2b)and 1.00 mg/L(CDDP)respectively.The cells restrain rates were(66.1±4.7)%and(74.0+3.3)%with the concentration more than 5000 IU/ml(IFN-α2b)and 10 mg/L (CDDP),and the rates were higher than before(P<0.001).When concentrations were 5000 IU/ml(IFN-α2b)and 10.00 mg/L(CDDP),cells were inhibited at 48 h and the restrain rates were(67.9±8.1)%and(76.5±1.61%at 72 h,respectively,(P相似文献   

重组人抵抗素对甲状腺相关眼病患者眼眶前脂肪细胞增殖的影响

通过旁分泌影响眼眶内前脂肪细胞的增殖,从而参与TAO的发病过程.