羟基磷灰石/胶原-聚乳酸三维多孔框架材料的制备成形及分析

目的：合成新型的复合生物材料框架作为骨组织工程研究的细胞外基质材料。方法：本研究采用材料学自组装技术的原理，以Ⅰ型胶原蛋白为分子模板，引导钙磷盐在液相中的矿化，制备具有天然骨基质层状结构的羟基磷灰石／胶原复合材料，并以热致分相法制备了羟基磷灰石／胶原-聚乳酸复合三维多孔框架。结果：羟基磷灰石／胶原复合材料具有与天然骨基质相似的成分与结构，加入聚乳酸制备成三维多孔框架，孔隙直径界于50um-300um。结论：羟基磷灰石／胶原-聚乳酸复合三维多孔框架可能作为骨组织工程良好的细胞外基质材料。     

The refined crystal structure of cowpea mosaic virus at 2.8 A resolution

Comoviruses are a group of plant viruses in the picornavirus superfamily. The type member of comoviruses, cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), was crystallized in the cubic space group I23, a = 317 A and the hexagonal space group P6(1)22, a = 451 A, c = 1038 A. Structures of three closely similar nucleoprotein particles were determined in the cubic form. The roughly 300-A capsid was similar to the picornavirus capsid displaying a pseudo T = 3 (P = 3) surface lattice. The three beta-sandwich domains adopt two orientations, one with the long axis radial and the other two with the long axes tangential in reference to the capsid sphere. T = 3 viruses display one or the other of these two orientations. The CPMV capsid was permeable to cesium ions, leading to a disturbance of the beta-annulus inside a channel-like structure, suggesting an ion channel. The hexagonal crystal form diffracted X rays to 3 A resolution, despite the large unit cell. The large ( approximately 200 A) solvent channels in the lattice allow exchange of CPMV cognate Fab fragments. As an initial step in the structure determination of the CPMV/Fab complex, the P6(1)22 crystal structure was solved by molecular replacement with the CPMV model determined in the cubic cell.     

基于边界特征的乳腺肿瘤超声图像识别

通过对乳腺肿瘤边界特征的分析，得到边界的特征量似圆度，面积比率，长宽比组成的特征矢量，最后用反向传播人工神经网络（BP）的算法对经病理证实的119幅乳腺良、恶性肿块超声图像进行分类识别。BP神经网络对良、恶性肿瘤正确识别率分别为89．7％、73．5N。量化后的乳腺超声图像肿瘤轮廓特征结合BP神经网络可以比较有效的用于肿瘤的良、恶性识别。     

中药雾化对慢性单纯性鼻炎鼻腔粘膜微循环血流量的影响

目的:探讨中药雾化吸入对慢性单纯性鼻炎患者鼻腔粘膜微循环血流量的影响。方法:60例患者采用复方丹参、鱼腥草注射液超声雾化治疗3疗程。分别于治疗前后采用吸入性氢气清除法测定鼻粘膜微循环血流量的变化。结果:慢性单纯性鼻炎鼻粘膜微循环血流量较健康对照组明显减低,经雾化治疗后得到明显改善,其差异有极显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论:慢性单纯性鼻炎患者经中药雾化治疗后鼻粘膜微循环血流量明显增加,临床效果较好。     

Analysis of the influence of therapy and viral suppression on high-risk sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted infections among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus in Taiwan

This study examined the effects of certain characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients related to the risks of practising unprotected sex (UPS) among 919 HIV-infected patients who attended the sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic of the Taipei City STD Control Center, Taiwan, during the period January–July 2004. After learning that they were HIV-positive, 517 (56%) subjects had practised UPS, 476 (52%) had a new STD diagnosis, and 106 (12%) had used some form of injected drug. UPS was reported by 76% of homosexual/bisexual males, 19% of heterosexual males and 5% of females, and was reported more often by those individuals with casual sexual partners (p < 0.001). According to multivariate logistic regression analyses, UPS was associated with male-tomale sexual intercourse (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.26–4.86, p < 0.001), with casual sexual partners (OR 2.82; 95% CI 1.62–4.88, p < 0.001), and with an individual's knowledge of his/her HIV status for > 11 years (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.02–4.18, p < 0.05). Although using anti-retroviral therapy to prevent sexual transmission of HIV is rational, the avoidance of at-risk sexual behaviour should also be a priority among HIV-seropositive individuals. Ongoing risk-reduction counselling related to HIV transmission is needed to reduce certain sexual behaviours associated with HIV transmission.     

Allelic loss in human papillomavirus-positive and -negative vulvar squamous cell carcinomas

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) is a biologically and morphologically diverse disease, consisting of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and -negative tumors that differ in their morphological phenotypes and associated vulvar mucosal disorders. This study analyzed the frequencies of allelic loss (loss of heterozygosity (LOH)) in HPV-positive and -negative VSCCs to identify potential targets for the study of preinvasive diseases, to determine whether HPV status influenced patterns of LOH, and to determine whether these patterns differed from HPV-positive tumors of another genital site, cervical squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC). DNA extracted from microdissected archival sections of two index tumors, one each HPV negative and positive, was analyzed for LOH at 65 chromosomal loci. Loci scoring positive with either sample were included in an analysis of 14 additional cases that were also typed for HPV. Frequencies of LOH at loci were computed in a panel of HPV-positive and -negative VSCCs. Twenty-nine loci demonstrated LOH on the initial screen and were used to screen the remaining 14 tumors. High frequencies of LOH were identified, some of which were similar to a prior karyotypic study (3p, 5q, 8p, 10q, 15q, 18q, and 22q) and others of which had not previously been described in VSCC (1q, 2q, 8q, 10p, 11p, 11q, 17p, and 21q). With the exception of 5q and 10p, there were no significant associations between frequency of LOH and HPV status in VSCC. LOH at 3p and 11q were frequent in both VSCC and CSCC; however, allelic losses at several sites, including 5q, 8q, 17p, 21q, and 22q, were much more common in VSCC. VSCCs exhibit a broad range of allelic losses irrespective of HPV status, with high frequencies of LOH on certain chromosomal arms. This suggests that despite their differences in pathogenesis, both HPV-positive and -negative VSCCs share similarities in type and range of genetic losses during their evolution. Whether the different frequencies of LOH observed between VSCC and CSCC are real or reflect differences in stage and/or tumor size remains to be determined by further comparisons. The role of these altered genetic loci in the genesis of preinvasive vulvar mucosal lesions merits additional study.     

B超心脏图象轮廓的自动检测

本文提出若干应用横向决策过程的动态规划及序贯模式识别的新方法，充分利用帧间心脏轮廓的动态信息，从超声图象中自动检测、分离心脏的内壁和外壁。     

110例癫痫患者24hAEEG临床应用报告

目的对１１０例癫痫患者的２４ｈ动态脑电图（ＡＥＥＧ）的应用价值进行了初步探讨。方法使用英国的ＯｘｆｏｒｄＭｅｄｉｌｏｇ９２００型８导磁带记录仪进行２４ｈ描记后作离线回放分析，并与普通ＥＥＧ相比较。结果１１０例中ＡＥＥＧ异常６２例（５６．４％），９８例中ＥＥＧ发现异常３２例（３２．７％）。ＥＥＧ正常而ＡＥＥＧ异常３０例，ＥＥＧ异常而ＡＥＥＧ正常９例。结论ＡＥＥＧ明显优于ＥＥＧ，但有时ＡＥＥＧ也不能捕获到间歇期的发作波。分析ＡＥＥＧ记录必需注意将睡眠Ⅰ、Ⅱ期出现的高幅顶尖波、纺锤波与痫样波区分开来，以免导致错误诊断。ＡＥＥＧ对颞叶和额叶底面的致痫灶反应较差，需补做特殊电极的ＥＥＧ，如蝶骨电极。     

HLA-B40, B18, B27, and B37 allele discrimination using group-specific amplification and SSCP method

We developed a system for discriminating HLA-B40, B18, B27, and B37 alleles using a two-step PCR method followed by SSCP analysis. Fragments (0.8 kb) including exon 2, intron 2, and exon 3 were amplified in the first PCR. We used two sets of primers, one specific for HLA-B60-related alleles and the other specific for HLA-B6l-related, B18, B27, and B37 alleles. No amplifications of other class I genes or pseudogenes were observed. In the second PCR, exon 2 and exon 3 were amplified separately, using diluents of the first PCR products as templates. HLA-B6l-related, B18, B27, B37, and B60-related alleles were clearly discriminated in the SSCP analysis of the second PCR products. In a population study in which B6l alleles were analyzed, B^*4003 was detected in two Japanese individuals in addition to two B6l alleles previously reported to occur in Japanese, B^*4002 and B^*4006. The relative frequencies of B^*4002, B^*4006, and B^*4003 in Japanese were 58, 35, and 6%, respectively. The individuals having B^*4003 are the first non-South Americans in whom this allele has been detected. The SSCP banding patterns of 18 HLA-B60-positive Japanese population samples were identical to those of a B^*40012 sample for both exon 2 and exon 3. We also demonstrated that the B37 allele occurring in some Japanese is B^*3701.     

Two dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms at the D8S1442 and D8S1443 loci

Two polymorphic dinucleotide (CA) repeat clones were isolated from cosmids, cCI8-1121 and cCI8-1199, mapped to chromosome 8p11.2-p12.