应用射频技术阻断神经纤维的研究

目的　探讨应用射频技术行选择性脊神经后根切断术和验证其阻断神经纤维的可行性。方法　将 4 5只大鼠随机分成 3组 ,以实验确定的射频技术、苯酚注射、切断 3种方法阻断其坐骨神经 ,对阻断前和阻断后不同时间内坐骨神经功能进行评价 ,评价方法采用坐骨神经功能指数和神经组织形态学的轴突通过率。结果　射频组、切断组 2组大鼠的坐骨神经功能指数、轴突通过率差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而苯酚注射组的上述指标与前述 2组差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　直视下应用射频阻断神经 ,可以取得与切断神经相同的效果     

子宫内膜异位症并发不孕患者子宫内膜超微结构观察

目的：探讨子宫内膜异位症（EM）并发不孕患者围着床期子宫内膜的超微结构。方法：选择轻度子宫内膜异位症并不孕患者10例为研究组，已生育妇女7例作为对照组，选择在月经周期第19－22天刮取少量子宫内膜，进行扫描及透射电镜观察。结果：异位症患者围着床期子宫内膜出现超微结构改变，内膜表面腺体开口数少，纤毛再生不全，分泌细胞表面微绒毛极少，子宫内膜着床窗的形态学标记－细胞表面胞饮小泡减少 或缺失；胞质肿胀疏松，有的细胞出现核固醇，结论：异位症患者围着床期在位子宫内膜出现超微结构改变，细胞出现轻度变性，可能是其不孕的原因之一。     

CT扫描及超声内镜术前评价进展期食管癌

目的比较胸部螺旋CT增强扫描及微探头超声内镜 (MPS)检查在评价进展期食管癌中的价值。方法 :32例进展期食管癌术前行CT扫描和MPS检查并与术后病理学比较。结果 :CT扫描能发现 84 .4 %的食管癌病灶 ,但不能准确诊断癌肿浸润深度 ,诊断纵隔结构受侵准确率 75 % ,发现区域淋巴结转移的敏感性90 .9% ,特异性 81.8% ,对纵隔内远处淋巴结转移诊断准确率 80 %。MPS检查能检出所有病例的进展期食管癌病灶 ,癌肿浸润深度诊断准确率 81.3% ,诊断纵隔结构受侵准确率 5 0 % ,诊断区域淋巴结转移敏感性81.8% ,特异性 72 .7% ,而对纵隔内远处转移的淋巴结均未能探及。结论 :CT扫描在评价进展期食管癌纵隔内结构受侵及远处淋巴结转移的意义较大。而MPS检查在判断癌肿管腔浸润深度的准确率较高。     

芦沙坦和苯那普利对高血压大鼠左室肥厚的抑制作用

目的：研究芦沙坦及苯那普利对老龄前期自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）左室肥厚及丝裂素活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）的抑制作用。方法：将老龄前期SHR随机分为SHR对照组，苯那普利（10mg.kg^-1.d^-1）及芦沙坦（30mg.kg^-1.d^-1）治疗组，治疗期为3个月，每月测压一次，治疗结束后处死动物，测定心肌肥厚指标、血中及心肌中内皮素（ET）、血管紧张素AⅡ及MAPK。结果：苯那普利及芦沙治疗后血压、心肌肥厚指标、血中及心肌中内皮素（ET）及MAPK明显低于SHR相对照组（P＜0．01），芦沙坦组血中及心肌中AⅡ无下降。结论：AⅡ、ET及MAPK参与了SHR的血压升高及心肌肥厚的形成。苯那普利及芦沙坦有抑制AⅡ、ET及MAPK的活性，从而达到降压及逆转心肌肥厚的作用。     

哮喘患儿血清嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白改变及其意义

目的：评价变应性哮喘患儿血清嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白（S-ECP）水平改变及其意义。方法：测定25例哮喘发作期患儿糖皮质激素吸入治疗12周前后，及20例未予糖皮质激素吸入治疗的哮喘缓解期患儿S-ECP水平，并对发作期患儿S-ECP水平变化与血嗜酸性粒细胞计数（B-EOS）、肺功能一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、一秒用力呼气量比用力肺活量（FEV1/FVC）及症状评分的关系作相关性分析。结果：哮喘发作组治疗后S-ECP水平较治疗前显著降低，与对照组（健康儿童10名）比较差异无显著性；哮喘缓解组S-ECP水平明显高于发作组治疗后，但明显低于发作组治疗前。哮喘发作组治疗前S-ECP水平变化与B-EOS无相关性，与FEV1、FEV1/FVC呈负相关，与症状评分呈正相关。结论：监测S-ECP水平可作为评价哮喘气道炎症程度、病情预后和指导抗炎治疗的有效指标。     

State and output feedback design for robust tracking of linear systems with rate limited actuators

A design technique (Control of Uncertain Systems with Bounded Inputs, Tarbouriech S, Garcia G, (Eds), Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences, vol. 227 , Springer: Berlin, 1997; 173–186) recently proposed for stabilization of a linear system with rate‐limited actuators is utilized to design feedback laws that cause the system output to track a desired command signal. This design technique combines two design techniques recently developed for linear systems with position limited actuators, piecewise‐linear LQ control (Automatica, 1994; 30 : 403–416) and low‐and‐high gain feedback (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 1996; 41 : 368–378), and hence takes advantage of both design techniques, while avoiding their disadvantages. In the case that only the output is available for feedback, the performance of the state feedback law is preserved by the use of a fast observer. An open‐loop exponentially unstable fighter aircraft is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control design method. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

环孢菌素A和1,2 5(OH)2D3防治实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎的研究

将猪的甲状腺球蛋白（pTG)100μg/只分别于第0d,第14d皮下注入CBA小鼠体内，制作实验性自身免疫性甲状腺炎（EAT）的动物模型。免免疫干预组从0－28d，治疗组从10－38d单独或者联合应用环孢菌素A（CsA,10mg/kg)灌胃和（或）1,25(OH)2D3(0.2μg/kg）腹腔注射，pTG免疫后第28d，第38d处死小鼠，取甲状腺组织作病理学检查，并检测血清中猪的甲状腺球蛋白抗体（pTGAb)、猪的甲状腺微粒体抗体（pTMAb)。免疫干预组和治疗组联合应用小剂量CsA和1，25（OH）2D3分别使EAT发病率降低44．44％和37．50％。严重病例分别降低71．43％和60．32％，免疫干预组的血清pTGAb,pTMAb的值均降低。提示：小剂量免疫抑制剂CsA和1，25（OH）2D2联合防治EAT有效，并具有协同作用。     

异丙酚静脉全麻复合硬膜外腔阻滞麻醉期间CO2气腹对血流动力学和氧耗的影响

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intraperitoneal CO2 insufflation on the hemodynamics, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) during intravenous anesthesia with propofol in combination with epidural block. METHODS: Intratracheal intubation was performed after rapid induction of anesthesia and mechanical ventilation was given. Maintenance of anesthesia was achieved using continuous intravenous propofol infusion (2 mg/kg/h) ?N2O inhalation and intermittent epidural administration. Indices of hemodynamics and respiratory function were collected 5 min before induction, 1 min before CO2 insufflation, and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min after the start of insufflation and 5 min after the termination of insufflation. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), end-tidal PCO2 (P(ET)CO2), VO2 and VCO2 1 min before insufflation were markedly reduced(P<0.01), compared with those recorded before induction. MAP and HR did not undergo any conspicuous changes during CO2 insufflation and 5 min after insufflation termination. Compared with that 1 min before insufflation, PETCO2 was significantly increased 20 min after the start of insufflation (P<0.01), and subsequently carried on the increase though of a lesser scale. VO2 and VCO2 gradually rose after the start of insufflation, and VO2 presented a significantly elevation (P<0.01) 10 min after the insufflation while VCO2 did not show this marked increase(P<0.05) till 20 min after the insufflation in comparison with the levels before insufflation. Subsequently, VO2 continued to rise and VCO2 also retained the increase but of smaller magnitude. CONCLUSION: Intravenous propofol anesthesia combined with epidural block assisted by well-managed excessive ventilation before insufflation can alleviate the adverse effects of CO2 insufflation on respiratory and circulatory systems.     

慢性老年精神分裂症患者认知功能及其与日常生活能力的比较研究

目的 :了解慢性老年精神分裂症患者认知功能和日常生活能力状况 ,探讨此类患者在额叶执行功能和记忆方面的神经心理功能障碍及其特征。方法 :采用简易智力状态检查 (MMSE)、日常生活能力量表 (ADL)、威斯康星卡片分类测验 (WCST)及韦氏记忆量表 (WMS)对 31例慢性老年精神分裂症和 31例正常对照组进行比较研究。结果 :慢性老年精神分裂症组MMSE得分明显低于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;而该组ADL总分明显高于正常对照组(P <0 .0 5 )。除非持续错误外 ,慢性老年精神分裂症患者的威斯康星卡片分类测验和韦氏记忆量表的各项测验成绩均差于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :慢性老年精神分裂症患者认知功能的障碍决定了患者日常生活能力的减退 ;这类患者有明显的额叶执行功能障碍和记忆障碍