氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物对冠状动脉作用的研究

观察氟哌啶醇季铵盐衍生物对冠状动脉的作用。方法：利用氟哌啶醇所致小鼠锥体外不良反应模型。观察其衍生物（Ｆ３）的作用;利用猪冠状动脉条生物鉴定。观察Ｆ（１０＾－６,１０＾－５ａｎｄ１０＾－４ｍｏＬ／Ｌ＿对ＫＣｌ（１０－４０ｍｍｏＬ／Ｌ）诱导的冠脉条收缩的拮抗作用,阻断由ＫＣｌ（４０ｍｍｏ／Ｌ）诱导的冠脉条的收缩;利用豚鼠离体心脏灌注,观察Ｆ３（１０＾－６,５＊１０＾－６,１０＾－５ｍｏＬ／Ｌ）拮抗脑     

Solute Absorption from the Airways of the Isolated Rat Lung. IV. Mechanisms of Absorption of Fluorophore-Labeled Poly-α,β-[N(2-Hydroxyethyl)-DL-Aspartamide]

The pulmonary absorption kinetics of a single molecular weight distribution (MWD) of fluorophore-labeled poly-,-[N(2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide] (F-PHEA), a hydrophilic and biocompatible synthetic polypeptide, were studied in the isolated, perfused rat lung (iprl) as functions of administered polymer concentration, dose, vehicle, and presence and absence of fluorophore. The MWD was characterized before and after absorption by measurement of weight- and number-averaged molecular weights (M _wand M _n, respectively) using high-performance gel-permeation chromatography. Values for M _w and M _n were 8.6 and 5.3 kD before, and 6.7 and 4.7 kD after, absorption into the perfusate; there was no significant metabolism and the MWD of the absorbed polymer was independent of both dose and sampling time over a 3-hr period. F-PHEA failed to show any evidence of aggregation in solution or changes in dose distribution within the airways as functions of increasing polymer concentration and dose. A concentration ranging study indicated the presence of a saturable, carrier-mediated transport process for F-PHEA with a maximum absorption rate, V _max, of approximately 180 µg or 0.027 µmol/hr. Coadministration of fluorophore-free PHEA was capable of depressing the absorption of F-PHEA. The transport process for F-PHEA appeared to have a molecular weight limit of about 7 kD for this hydrophilic polymer.     

Serotonin involvement in the antitumour and host effects of flavone-8-acetic acid and 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid

The relationship of serotonin (5-HT) receptors to the action of the experimental antitumour drugs flavone-8-acetic acid (FAA) and 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (5,6-MeXAA) was studied. Both FAA and 5,6-MeXAA are known to induce the synthesis of tumour necrosis factor- (TNF) and to stimulate nitric oxide synthesis in vivo, as measured by elevation of plasma nitrate. Serotonin potentiated the effect of a subtherapeutic dose of 5,6-MeXAA (20 mg/kg) as measured both by plasma nitrate increase and by growth delay of s.c. implanted colon 38 tumours. On the other hand, administration of the serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine-2 (T-HT₂) antagonist cyproheptadine (20 mg/kg) inhibited both the plasma nitrate response and, to a lesser extent, the induction of tumour haemorrhagic necrosis by 5,6-MeXAA, FAA and TNF. Reduction of circulating plasma serotonin by pre-treatment withp-chlorophenylalanine and reserpine reduced the plasma nitrate response, but not the tumour necrosis response, to 5,6-MeXAA (30 mg/kg). It is suggested that serotonin is necessary for the induction of nitric oxide synthases and acts, either directly or indirectly, in concert with TNF. Serotonin agonists may have utility in increasing nitric oxide synthesis in response to TNF or to agents that induced TNF as part of their antitumour action.This research was supported by the Auckland Division of Cancer Society of New Zealand and the Health Research Council of New Zealand, by the Health Research Council of New Zealand and by the Ruth Spencer Medical Research Fellowship Trust.     

侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌的作用

用离体豚鼠气管条,探讨侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物对气管平滑肌作用。结果表明,侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物能抑制乙酰胆碱,氯化钾所致气管平滑肌收缩,而且能使乙酰胆碱收缩气管平没肌的量效曲线右移,并抑制最大效应,其作用为剂量依赖性心肌肥厚提示侧柏叶乙酸乙酯提取物松驰气管平滑肌作用机制可能与影响Ｃａ＾２＋的跨膜转运有关。     

新生儿胆红素脑病23例临床分析

１９９５年１月－１９９７年１２月仅三年收治新生儿胆红素脑病２３例,有增长趋势,引起胆红素脑病的病因依次是溶血（６５．２％）低体重（５６．５％）,感染（４７．８％）特别提出必须重视对体重〈２．５ｋｇ,低于胎龄儿生后一周内的管理,医学教育上应把新生儿黄疸,胆红素脑病作为必,必考的课程,对其层从事内儿科,妇产科的医务人员也要进行有关的继续教育。     

人型结核杆菌克隆DNA探针的制备及其应用的研究

用限制性内切酶ＰｓｔⅠ消化人型结核杆菌Ｈ３７ＲｖＤＮＡ,与质粒ｐＵＣ１９ ＤＮＡ连接后转化大肠杆菌,经同位素３２Ｐ标记的人型结核杆菌Ｈ３７Ｒｖ全染色体ＤＮＡ探针筛选出６个阳性克隆（ＭＴ１￣６）,其中克隆ＤＮＡ片段ＭＴ２（４．２Ｋｂ）、ＭＴ４（３．５Ｋｂ）和ＭＴ５（３．０Ｋｂ）标记成探针,检测了２２种分支杆菌标准株和１５侏人型结核杆菌临床分离侏以及２种非分支杆菌,其杂交结果完全相同,与人型结核杆菌及     

异丙酚、咪唑安定、依托咪酯及同芬太尼复合后对大鼠心肌细胞钙离子移动的影响

的　观察麻醉诱导峰浓度的异丙酚、咪唑安定、依托咪酯及同芬太尼复合后,对心肌细胞钙离子移动的影响,研究其对心肌收缩力的作用。方法　用Fluo-3AM钙荧光指示剂染色急性分离的大鼠心肌细胞,在激光共聚焦显微镜下动态观察用药前和使用异丙酚(50μmol/L)、咪唑安定(3μmol/L)、依托咪酯(3μmol/L)及复合芬太尼(20ng/ml)后,KCl诱发的细胞内钙离子荧光强度的变化。结果　异丙酚明显抑制钙离子跨膜内流,细胞内钙荧光强度峰值较对照组下降15.3%(P<0.05),而咪唑安定、依托咪酯虽减慢钙的内流,但最终细胞内钙荧光强度与对照组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。复合芬太尼后,各组细胞内钙荧光强度升高的速度和峰值较单独使用该静脉麻醉药无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论　复合使用芬太尼不会加重异丙酚、咪唑安定、依托咪酯对心肌细胞钙内流的抑制作用     

窥镜下激光治疗前列腺增生症

目的 评价经尿道激光前列腺切除术（ＴＵＬＰ）的疗效及其与前列腺大小的关系。方法 回顾分析了１９８８年至１９９８年１０年,采用ＴＵＬＰ治疗的４６９例前列腺增生症患者对手术技术、手术前后的症关改善情况进行比较,并对２３３例符合条件的患者ＴＵＬＰ手术效果与前列腺大小的相关性进行了研究。结果 ４６９例患者前列腺症状评分（ＩＰＳＳ）平均值由术前的２６．７降到术后的１４．２;最大尿流率平均值由６．２ｍｌ／ｓ上     

B型超声检查对渗出型老年性黄斑变性的诊断价值

目的:探讨渗出型老年性黄斑变性(Age-related macular degeneration,AMD)的B型超声影象特征。方法:采用NIDEKUS-3300型超声诊断仪,对31例(54只眼)渗出型AMD进行了观察。结果:视网膜色素上皮脱离时,眼内后极部出现膜状弧形回声,光带与眼球壁之间,可见一个梭形透声区;渗出或出血未完全吸收阶段,呈混合性回声;渗出或出血逐渐吸收并为瘢痕组织所替代时,可见实体性小隆起物,强回声,形状似凸透镜或三角形,凸起端指向球后,玻璃体腔面平坦。结论:B型超声在渗出型AMD的诊断、治疗随访观察中具有实用价值。眼科学报1999;15:233-235。     

Establishment and characterization of a cytotrophoblast cell line from normal placenta of human origin

A cell line has been established from human placentae at thefirst trimester of normal pregnancy. The cell line was obtainedby culture of purified cytotrophoblast cells in serum-free mediumsupplemented with epidermal growth factor, insulin, dexamethasoneand 0.1% bovine serum albumin. The cells can be subculturedfor >30 passages in one to three splits. All the cells weremononuclear epithelial-like cells positive to cytokeratin 18,gonadotrophin-releasing . hormone (GnRH), neuropeptide Y, neurotensin,leucine-enkephalin, dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine inununo-cytochemicalstaining. The cells secreted GnRH, progesterone and oestradiol(in the presence of testosterone) but little human chorionicgonadotrophin and no -endorphin. The cell line showed humankaryotypes and had a population doubling time of 48 h in serum-freemedium. However, the cells would stop growing in the mediumcontaining fetal bovine serum. A normal cytotrophoblast cellline established in serum-free medium will be particularly usefulin the study of cytotrophoblast cell proliferation and differentiation.