髋臼钛板加颗粒植骨治疗髋臼严重骨缺损

[目的]探讨髋臼钛板加颗粒植骨治疗髋臼严重骨缺损的临床效果。[方法]应用该技术治疗27例患者，髋臼骨缺损分型（AAOS分类）Ⅰ型6例，ⅡC型4例，Ⅲ型17例；术前髋关节Harris评分平均37分，术后根据临床及x线进行评估。[结果]所有患者均采用该方法重建髋臼，术后假体脱位1例，原因是重建钛板前倾过多与大粗隆发生撞击，经凿去部分粗隆骨质消除撞击因素后治愈。其余病例无并发症，平均随访3a，Harris评分平均87分。X线无1例患者的髋臼骨床、移植骨、重建钛板和聚乙烯内衬交界面出现透亮带。[结论]髋臼钛板加颗粒植骨可有效修复髋臼骨缺损，为假体提供坚强的初始固定，具有恢复髋关节旋转中心的作用。     

扩散张量成像和三维脑白质束示踪在多发性硬化中的临床应用

目的 探讨多发性硬化（MS）患者的MS斑块、斑块旁脑白质和T2WI上表现为正常的脑白质区（NAWM）的扩散张量成像（DTI）特点，并探讨DTI和三维脑白质束示踪技术对MS的应用价值。方法 对32例MS患者和32名与MS患者年龄性别配对的正常人进行头部DTI检查，生成表观扩散系数图（ADC）和部分各向异性图（FA），分别选取MS斑块、斑块旁脑白质区、NAWM区和对照组正常人相应脑白质区测量ADC值和FA值，并使用示踪技术做出三维脑白质束图像。结果 MS斑块、斑块旁脑白质区、NAWM区和对照组的ADC平均值分别为（1．233±0．119）、（0．973±0．098）、（0．748±0．089）×10^-3mm^2／s和（0．620±0．094）×10^-3mm^2／s，FA平均值分别为0．225±0．052、0．311±0．050、0．421±0．070和0．476±0．069。对MS斑块、斑块旁脑白质、NAWM数据进行随机区组方差分析最小显著差法检验，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。MS斑块、斑块旁脑白质、NAWM分别和对照组配对t检验，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。用三维脑白质束图像可以观察到MS斑块。结论 使用DTI检查生成的ADC图和FA图可以有助于评价MS中各部位脑白质的改变。通过三维脑白质束示踪图像可以立体直观地显示MS斑块区白质束的异常。     

腹腔镜在体表未触及隐睾诊治中的应用(附1例报告并文献复习)

目的探讨腹腔镜在体表未触及隐睾诊治中的应用。方法通过对1例术前双侧均未触及睾丸的隐睾患者行腹腔镜检查和治疗并结合文献复习。结果对于在体表未触及的隐睾均可以通过腹腔镜达到明确诊断和治疗。结论腹腔镜诊治腹腔型隐睾是一种临床适用性较强的手术方法,在很大程度可以代替开放的剖腹探查术,具有较高的临床推广应用价值。     

小骨窗前纵裂入路显微手术切除巨大颅咽管瘤(17例报告)

目的评价小骨窗前纵裂入路在颅咽管瘤手术中的应用价值及并发症。方法经小骨窗前纵裂入路切除巨大颅咽管瘤17例,对手术技术及结果进行总结。结果本组全切除15例、近全切除2例,无手术死亡病例。由于术中直视下处理肿瘤在垂体漏斗部位的粘连,可较好保护垂体柄、下丘脑结构及局部穿支血管,13例患者超过2年的随访未见肿瘤复发及再生长。结论经小骨窗前纵裂入路可直视下处理肿瘤鞍内、鞍上及三脑室前部分,是鞍上生长位置较高的大型颅咽管瘤安全有效的手术入路之一。     

Intravenous fluid tonicity: effect on intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow, and cerebral oxygen delivery in focal brain injury.

An investigation into the role of intravenous fluid tonicity in determining intracranial pressure (ICP) after brain injury is described. The authors compare the results of infusion of a hypotonic fluid (Ringer's lactate, 270 mOsm/liter) to those of a hypertonic fluid (hypertonic sodium lactate, 500 mOsm/liter) in a porcine model of focal cryogenic brain injury. Hemodynamic parameters (ICP, regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), and oxygen delivery) and serum osmolarity were measured every 3 hours for 24 hours after injury. At sacrifice, the water content of the lesioned and nonlesioned cortex was determined by specific gravity. The cryogenic injury produced a significant increase in ICP and a significant decrease in CBF in all experimental groups. Maintenance infusion of hypertonic sodium lactate for 24 hours resulted in significantly lower ICP, higher CBF and oxygen delivery, and higher serum osmolarity than Ringer's lactate infusion. Cortical water content in the area of the lesion was similar in both groups, but in the uninjured hemisphere it was significantly lower in the hypertonic group. These data suggest that hypertonic maintenance fluid improves intracranial compliance by dehydrating uninjured cortex. Improved CBF in the hypertonic group may be due to dehydration of cerebrovascular endothelium and erythrocytes. By reducing ICP and improving CBF, hypertonic fluid administration may thus reduce secondary brain injury after head trauma.     

Extraction, purification and ascertainment of anti-hepatoma active principles for targeted preparation of radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii]

The extraction, purification, pharmacological experiments and chemical analysis of anti-hepatoma active principles of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii have been studied. The results show that the medicinal material Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii is efficacious in inhibiting hepatoma, and the active principles are mainly made up of poisonous ester alkaloids. The liver targeting delivery system will be the first choice for its anti-hepatoma preparation, and the effective component AY3a is fit for the preparation of targeted microspheres.     

冠心病患者低密度脂蛋白中甘油三酯异常特征

本文检测了不同年龄健康人和冠心病（ＣＨＤ）患者血脂及各脂蛋白组分中甘油三脂（ＴＧ）、胆固醇（ＣＨ）水平，结果示总ＴＧ、低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ）－ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ－ＴＧ／ＬＤＬ－ＣＨ比值升高，为ＣＨＤ最为显著的脂质异常特征。分析了ＣＨＤ患者ＬＤＬ脂质构成异常的特征及成因，认为高ＬＤＬ－ＴＧ／ＬＤＬ－ＣＨ比值为冠心病的危险因素。     

Clinical Experience in Application of the Point Zhaohai

Zhaohai (KI 6) is a point on the Kidney Channel of Foot Shaoyin, and it is one of the eight confluent points, connecting with the Yinqiao Channel. It is located in the depression of the lower border of the medial malleolus, indicated for the disorders along the distributing courses of the Foot Shaoyin Channel and Yinqiao Channel. Connecting with the kidney and bladder collaterally, it gives the effect of reinforcing the kidney and strengthening qi, and promoting the function of the bladder.