Potential contribution of nuclear factor-kappaB to cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits.

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in inflammation, which is involved in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the present study, we assessed the potential role of NF-kappaB in regulation of cerebral vasospasm. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity was measured in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with hemolysate and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 80 micromol/L), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB. Forty-two rabbits were divided into three groups: control, SAH, and PDTC groups (n=14 for each group). The caliber of the basilar artery was evaluated. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules in the basilar artery were measured. Immunohistochemical study was performed to assess the expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). It was observed that NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity was significantly increased by treatment with hemolysate in cultured VSCMs, but this increase was suppressed by pretreatment with PDTC. Severe vasospasm was observed in the SAH group, which was attenuated in the PDTC group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage could induce increases of NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, which were reduced in the PDTC group. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the expression levels of TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, and MPO were all increased in the SAH group, but these increases were attenuated in the PDTC group. Our results suggest that NF-kappaB is activated in the arterial wall after SAH, which potentially leads to vasospasm development through induction of inflammatory response.     

局部亚低温治疗急性脑出血的临床研究

目的观察冰帽加双侧颈动脉区冰敷治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效和探讨最佳治疗时机。方法 174例急性脑出血患者随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,每组 87例。对照组给予常规治疗 ,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上同时给予亚低温治疗 ;治疗组中 46例在发病 3小时内治疗 ,41例在发病 3小时后治疗。观察治疗组与对照组以及治疗组中发病 3小时内与发病 3小时后两组的临床疗效和预后情况。结果亚低温治疗组与对照组比较 ,神经功能改善 (P <0 0 5 ) ,生存率及恢复良好率提高 (P <0 0 5 )。发病 3小时内开始治疗者优于 3小时后开始者 (P <0 0 5 )。结论亚低温治疗能有效减轻急性脑出血后的神经功能缺损 ,降低病死率和致残率 ;最佳治疗时机在发病 3小时以内。     

高师地理学科的环境教育

党的十六大所提出的全面建设小康社会，是一个包括政治、经济、文化、环境乃至国民素质的综合概念。它特别要求国民具有健全的环境意识，良好的环境伦理道德和高尚的环境道德行为。作为担负着提高全体国民环境素质和培养中小学环境教育教师和地方环境建设服务三重使命的高师地理学科，面临着其环境教育的课程设置、教材建设和教师队伍建设等不可回避的课题，有必要进行深入探索。     

参加社会活动和锻炼对冠心病并发抑郁的影响1

目的：研究参加社会活动和锻炼对新兴工业化农村社区冠心病患者并发抑郁的影响。方法：对114例在我院就医、属三角镇户籍常住人口的冠心病（CHD）患者进行Zung量表（SDS量表）检测，同时调查其经济状况、健康习惯、参加社会活动和锻炼情况等。用SPSS13．0版统计软件进行统计分析。结果：抑郁发生率37．7％，女性44．3％（27／61）高于男性30．2％（16／53）。70岁以上者47．6％（30／63）高于70岁以下者25．5％（13／51）。缺少社会活动（几乎不参加社会活动）、缺少锻炼（几乎不锻炼身体）都抑郁发生率高，可能是冠心病并发抑郁的独立预测因素。结论：适度参加社会活动和锻炼对CHD患者并发抑郁可能有预防作用。     

慢性非细菌性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征患者前列腺液中炎症因子差异表达的临床意义

Objective To investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP/CPPS) patients. Methods The 38 cases with CAP/CPPS patients (18 cases of CAP and 20 cases of CPPS) and 20 cases of healthy controls were selected. The differential expressions of 40 kinds of inflammatory cytokines were detec-ted by antibody arrays in prostate fluid. Results The inflammatory cytokines which increased more than 1.5 times expression have been found. There were seven kinds in CAP including monocyte che-moattractant protein (MCP)-1, solution tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ(s TNF R Ⅱ), platelet-de-rived growth faetor-BB (PDGF-BB), interleukin (IL)-β, IL-11、IL-6、MCP-2 and five kinds in CPPS groups including MCP-1、PDGF-BB、MCP-2、s TNF R Ⅱ、It-11 respectively, compared with healthy control group. The cluster analysis results showed that protein expression of Monocyte chemoattrac-tant protein 1 (MCP-1)and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) were significantly increased in CAP (3.47 and 2.07 times) and CPPS (2.25 and 2.19 times) compared with healthy control group and were the final polymerization of inflammatory cytokines. The protein expression of interleukin 1 β (IL-1 β), MCP-1 and soluble tumor necrosis factor Ⅱ (s TNF R Ⅱ) in CAP group was increased more than 1.85,1.55,1.67 times compared with CPPS group. Conclusions Elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in the course of CAP/CPPS disease. The extent of the inflammatory response of CAP was higher than CPPS. The inflammatory factors of MCP-1 and PDGF-BB could serve as a novel diagnostic marker.     

急性脑血管病与代谢紊乱的关系

目的　探讨急性脑血管病与代谢紊乱的关系。方法　对 2 72名上海地区正常人及 92 3例急性脑血管病 (5 0 3例脑梗死、4 2 0例脑出血 )患者住院的基线资料进行分析。结果　① 5 0 3例脑梗死、4 2 0例脑出血患者的年龄、体重指数 (BMI)、血压、血糖、低密度脂蛋白 (LDL)值均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。②脑梗死、脑出血患者中 ,伴高血压者分别为 95 .0 %、97.1% ;伴高血糖者分别为 4 4 .0 %、39.7% ;伴高三酰甘油 (TG) /低高密度脂蛋白 (HDL)分别为 34.8%、38.1% ;③脑梗死、脑出血患者中 ,合并代谢综合征者分别占 14 .7%、16 .7% ;合并 2种代谢紊乱者分别占 4 6 .9%、4 3.1% ;合并 1种代谢紊乱者分别占 36 .0 %、38.8% ;无代谢紊乱者仅分别占2 .4 %、1.4 %。④脑梗死、脑出血患者中 ,除代谢紊乱者血压均显著高于对照组及无代谢紊乱者外 ,合并 2种以上代谢紊乱患者中BMI、血糖、TG均高于对照组及无代谢紊乱者 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　急性脑血管病患者多伴有多种代谢紊乱 ,因而 ,有效控制代谢紊乱与预防脑血管病的发生、发展及其预后有关     

纤维连接蛋白在膀胱癌丝裂霉素化疗药物耐受中的作用

目的 :探讨纤维连接蛋白 (FN)在膀胱癌化疗药物耐受中的作用。方法 :将T2 4膀胱肿瘤细胞分别接种于包被FN、牛血清蛋白 (BSA)的培养板上孵育 2 4h ,加入不同浓度的丝裂霉素C(MMC)作用 2h ,用MTT比色法检测作用后不同时间肿瘤细胞的存活率 ,用ANNEXINⅤ流式细胞分析仪检测不同时间肿瘤细胞的凋亡率。结果 :FN黏附的膀胱肿瘤细胞在不同浓度MMC作用 2h、12h和 2 4h后的平均存活率为 6 8.3%、4 5 .7%及 5 9.1% ,与BSA黏附的膀胱肿瘤细胞平均存活率 4 5 .0 %、2 1.3%、2 6 .6 %比较 ,差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。FN黏附的膀胱肿瘤细胞在不同浓度MMC作用 2h和 12h后平均凋亡率分别为 1.4 %和 1.0 % ,而BSA组的细胞平均凋亡率为4 .9%和 8.2 % ,两组比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :与FN黏附后的膀胱肿瘤细胞对化疗药物MMC的敏感性下降 ,细胞存活率增高 ;FN能抑制MMC引起的膀胱肿瘤细胞凋亡 ,产生药物耐受。     

超声检查在男性创伤性尿道狭窄诊断中的价值

目的探讨超声检查对男性创伤性尿道狭窄的诊断价值。方法对21例男性创伤性尿道狭窄患者进行超声检查,14例同时联合尿道造影检查,结果与术中所见进行对比分析。结果21例超声结果与术中所见一致。14例联合检查中,造影检查有2例前尿道狭窄漏诊,2例狭窄近侧结石未发现,2例正常后尿道误诊为狭窄,2例后尿道狭窄长度不能估计;2例会阴部瘘管造影清晰显示而超声显示不佳。结论超声在狭窄定位、长度测量、瘢痕范围估测及显示继发结石等方面优于造影,造影显示瘘管清晰,必要时两者应联合应用。     

葡萄籽多酚对多药耐药的逆转作用及其机制

目的：探讨葡萄籽多酚(GSPs)逆转多药耐药的作用及其对多药耐药相关蛋白GSTπ、TopoⅡ α表达的影响。方法：以人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞及其耐药株MCF-7／ADR细胞作为实验对象，用MTT法观察GSPs对多药耐药的逆转作用，免疫细胞化学技术观察GSPs对GSTπ、TopoⅡα等多药耐药相关蛋白表达的影响。结果：GSPs在1．2、2．4mg／L浓度时对细胞无毒性作用，并且均能逆转MCF-7／ADR细胞的多药耐药性，逆转倍数分别为5．77和9．79倍；GSPs可使MCF-7／ADR细胞GSh表达下降，但对TopoⅡ α表达无影响。结论：体外试验证实GSPs具有多药耐药逆转作用，其机制可能与降低肿瘤细胞内GSTπ的表达有关，提示GSPs是一种潜在的肿瘤化疗增敏剂。     

Reactivity of hydroxybenzoic acids in the hydrogen-isotope exchange reaction.

The hydrogen-isotope exchange reaction (T-for-H exchange reaction) between tritiated water vapor (HTO vapor) and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (and it's analog; 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) were observed at 50 and 70 degrees C in a gas-solid system to reveal the reactivity of a functional group in an aromatic compound having two substituents in the aromatic ring. Further, it was shown that (a) the reactivity of the compounds used in this work follows the Hammett's rule, and (b) the reactivity of trisubstituted aromatic compound could be analyzed by applying the additive property of the Hammett's rule even if the compound contains a substituent at the ortho-position.