卡马西平片体外溶出度与体内吸收相关性

目的：考察卡马西平（ＣＢＺ）片溶出度与体内吸收的相关性。方法：应用ＺＲＳ－４溶出度仪测定卡马西平片的溶出度。４名男性健康志愿性ｐｏ单剂量２００ｍｇＣＢＺ用ＴＤｘ分析仪测定血药浓度，并按照Ｗａｇｎｅｒ－Ｎｅｌｓｏｎ公式计算药物吸收分数。结果：体外溶出度与体内药物吸收分数的相关系数ｒ＝０．９２６１，体外溶出度与体内药物吸收分数的相关系数ｒ＝０．９９７７。结论：ＣＢＺ片体外溶出度与体内吸收有较好的相关性     

手部烧伤后重度虎口挛缩虎口重建术

自１９８９年２月～１９９５年３月，对２３例手部烧伤后重度虎口挛缩行瘢痕切除及虎口开大后，选用带旋髂浅血管蒂的腹股沟皮瓣移植重建虎口，术后均取得了满意效果。虎口挛缩的程度为０°～２５°。虎口开大后达８０°～９０°。虎口区瘢痕切除后皮肤缺损最小８ｃｍ×５ｃｍ，最大１２ｃｍ×６ｃｍ，平均１０ｃｍ×５ｃｍ。皮瓣切取面积最小１４ｃｍ×７ｃｍ，最大１８ｃｍ×８ｃｍ，平均１６ｃｍ×７ｃｍ。术后皮瓣断蒂时间为２～３周，２３例皮瓣均完全成活。对重度虎口挛缩应用带旋髂浅血管蒂的腹股沟皮瓣移植重建虎口是一种简单易行、成功率高的方法。因其具有供区部位隐蔽，皮肤质量好，不损伤肢体重要血管及可早期断蒂等优点，极易被患者接受。     

复方环丙氟哌酸鼻腔膜的研制及临床疗效观察

本文以明胶海绵为衬底,用环丙氟哌酸和氢化考的松、云南白药酊、达克罗宁制备的鼻腔消炎止血药膜,制备简便,质量稳定。临床观察结果证明,具有给药方便、疗效高、疗程短、药物作用持久,无毒副作用等优点。     

重庆地区近五年小儿菌痢菌群变化及耐药状况

我院近五年收治小儿菌痢２０３１例，培养分离出痢杆菌９８５珠，其中福氏９０４株，占９１．７８％，全部为福氏２ａ型，宋内氏８１株，占８．２２％。常见抗菌药物如氨苄青霉素、氯霉素、痢特灵的耐药性均达９５％以上，庆大霉素、吡哌酸、氟哌酸、丁胺卡那霉素、卡那霉素的耐药性逐年升高；头孢噻肟、环丙沙星耐药率也迅速增加。目前重庆地区治疗小儿菌痢宜推荐先锋霉累Ｖ、环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、卡那霉素，待有药敏试验结果后结合临床效果进行调整。     

Chronic Ethanol Inhibits Inositol Metabolism in Specific Brain Regions

Many neurotransmitters and hormones in the nervous system transmit signals through receptors coupled to the poly-phosphoinositide (PI) signaling pathway. In this study, an in vivo protocol with (³H]inositol was used to examine the effect of chronic ethanol administration on inositol metabolism and poly-PI turnover in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum of mouse brain. C57BL/6 mice were given a nutritionally complete liquid diet containing either ethanol (5%, w/v) or isocaloric sucrose for 2 months. Mice were injected intracerebrally with ^rH]inositol; after 16 or 24 hr, they were injected intraperitoneally with lithium (8 mEq/kg body weight) to inhibit the inositol monophosphatase (IP₁) activity. All mice were decapitated 4 hr after lithium injection. Labeled inositol phospholipids accounted for 16 to 23% of total labeled inositol in different regions of control mouse brain, and the percentages in the hippocampus were consistently higher than the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. In control mice, the percentages of labeled IP, after a 4-hr lithium treatment were 11.5%, 9.9%, and 3.7% for cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, respectively. Chronic ethanol feeding resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the percent of labeled IP₁ and inositol phospholipids, and this effect was observed in the cerebral cortex and, to a lesser extent, hippocampus but not cerebellum. When ratios of labeled IP₁ were expressed against labeled inositol phospholipids as an index of the poly-PI turnover activity, significant decreases in IP/lipid ratios were observed in the cerebral cortex, but not the hippocampus or cerebellum. Although mice killed 24 + 4 hr after the last ethanol feeding would have experienced an 8-hr period of ethanol withdrawal, compared with the 16 + 4-hr group, no differences in IP/lipid ratios were observed between the two time groups. These results illustrate regional differences in the effect of chronic ethanol on inositol metabolism in the brain, but no difference in poly-PI turnover in brain due to ethanol withdrawal.     

维生素 D_3对大鼠的免疫调节作用研究

观察多次注射维生素 D_3对大鼠的免疫调节作用,结果证明维生素 D_3对抗体产生有双相调节作用,并可增强单核巨噬细胞的分泌功能。连续使用大剂量维生素 D_3可使 T 细胞数量减少。     

左室肥厚对急性心肌梗塞时心肌酶的影响

通过２０例有左室肥厚和２３例无左室肥厚患者发生急性心肌梗塞时ＣＰＫ值的比较，发现在梗塞部位相同的情况下，心肌肥厚组的酶值水平高于非心肌肥厚组（１３．２±４．８比９．０±４．６Ｕ／ＬＰ＜０．０１），这可能与肥厚组酶活力增强和心肌梗塞体积增大有关。     

肉鸡对不同形态锰源的生物利用率研究

目的 :　研究肉仔鸡对不同形态锰源的相对生物学利用率。方法 :　将 62 4只 1日龄肉公鸡随机分为 1 3组 ,分别饲不添加锰的基础饲粮 (对照组 )或以不同锰化合物添加 60、1 2 0、1 80 mg/ kg锰的试验饲粮 2 1 d。结果 :　肉鸡生长性能各指标和腿病发生率以及肉鸡的跖骨灰锰含量、心肌细胞线粒体中 Mn SOD活性均未受到添加锰源以及锰源与锰水平互作的显著影响 ,但受到添加锰水平的显著影响。肉鸡心肌含锰量和 Mn SOD m RNA水平均未受到添加锰源与锰水平互作的显著影响 ,但受到添加锰源及添加锰水平的显著影响。其中中等和强络合强度有机锰源的生物学利用率明显高于无机硫酸锰和弱络合强度有机锰源。结论 :　中等和强络合强度的复合氨基酸锰对肉仔鸡的生物学利用率明显优于无机硫酸锰和弱络合强度的蛋氨酸锰     

大豆皂甙和神经肽Y在下丘脑后核引起的心血管效应中的关系

微量注射大豆皂甙（Ｔｓ）到下丘脑后核（ＰＨＮ）能引起平均动脉压（ＭＡＰ）升高，心率加快，其效应与向ＰＨＮ内注入神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）相似。分别注入不能引起血压、心率发生明显变化的微量Ｔｓ、ＮＰＹ，如果合并注入ＰＨＮ则可引起血压、心率的显著变化，表明二者互有加强作用。Ａｔｒｏｐｉｎｅ可以对抗Ｔｓ、ＮＰＹ或Ｔｓ＋ＮＰＹ同时注入ＰＨＮ的升压效应，提示ＮＰＹ是通过激活脑内Ｍ受体而实现升压效应的，而Ｔｓ的心血管效应又可能是经过脑内ＮＰＹ介导和加强的。     

双相气道内正压呼吸机在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病康复期和急性肺水肿患者中的临床应用

应用双相气道内正压呼吸机（ＢｉＰＡＰ）对９例慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）康复期和呼吸衰竭稳定期进行临床观察发现，治疗后动脉血氧分压与治疗前相比显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；肺活量及用力肺活量轻度升高；１例３次发生急性左心衰、急性肺水肿致急性呼衰患者治疗后，病情很快改善；１例阻塞性夜间睡眠呼吸暂停综合征者应用效果满意。该机应用简便、安全，对心率血压无明显影响，为ＣＯＰＤ康复期、急性左心衰兼肺水肿的治疗提供了新途径。