Effect of aldosterone and ACTH administration on fluctuation of 5-HT content of the brain and pentobarbital anesthesia in adrenalectomized rats]

The present study was undertaken to determine whether or not adrenalectomy influences anesthesia and increase in brain 5-HT induced by pentobarbital and if such is the case, whether or not aldosterone or ACTH inhibit the effect of adrenalectomy. Male Wistar rats were adrenalectomized or sham-operated and injected with aldosterone (20mug5hg i.p.), ACTH (5.0 mg/kg i.p.) or the vehicle (1.0 ml/kg i.p.) everyday for 1 week after a postoperative interval of 3 days. These rats ware given a normal diet and 1% saline approximately 5% glucose solution. Animals were injected with pentobatbital (50 mg/kg i.p.) 18 hr after the last injection of each hormone. It was found that adrenalectomy enhanced "pentobarbital-anesthesia", although there was no such effect in the adrenalectomized rats pretreated with each hormone. Adrenalectomy inhibited an increase of 5-HT in the brain after pentobarbital, but the hormone pretreatment to those rats did not antagonize the inhibition of the 5-HT increase.     

Genetically Diverse Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1/H5N8) Viruses among Wild Waterfowl and Domestic Poultry,Japan, 2021

Genetic analyses of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 subtype viruses isolated from the Izumi Plain, Japan, revealed cocirculation of 2 genetic groups of clade 2.3.4.4b viruses among migratory waterfowl. Our findings demonstrate that both continuous surveillance and timely information sharing of avian influenza viruses are valuable for rapid risk assessment.     

Association between maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels in 8‐year‐old children: The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy‐related complications; it is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and metabolic disorders in offspring, consistent with the concept of the developmental origins of health and disease. This cohort study of women without diabetes (n = 761), who were part of the Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, aimed to explore the associations between maternal GDM and their offspring’s level of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), a biomarker of inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. We analyzed the associations between GDM and the offspring’s hsCRP levels using a multiple logistic regression model. A mother with GDM significantly increased the risk for high hsCRP level by 4.07‐fold (≥2.0 mg/L) in the child. As such, maternal GDM was significantly associated with increased serum hsCRP levels in 8‐year‐old children.     

An experimental study on transplantation of articular cartilage

Summary Behaviour and fate of the transplanted articular cartilage were studied in 180 adult rabbits, using the scanning electron microscope, histological staining and autoradiographic examination.The junction between the host cartilage and the transplanted cartilage was covered with thin connective tissue layers which extended from the edges 4 weeks after transplantation.After the 24th week of transplantation the cartilage tissue appeared to be degenerating at the periphery of the graft.However, in the middle portion of the graft surviving cartilage cells were observed using ³⁵S autoradiography.

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Résumé Comportement et évolution du cartilage articulaire transplanté ont été étudiés chez 180 lapins adultes par microscopie électronique, colorations histologiques et autoradiographies.Quatre semaines après la transplantation, une fine couche de tissue conjonctif qui s'étend depuis les bords recouvre la jonction entre le cartilage du receveur et le cartilage transplanté.Vingt-quatre semaines après la transplantation, le tissu cartilagineux commence à dégénérer à la périphérie du greffon. Cependant, à la partie centrale de celuici, des cellules cartilagineuses survivantes peuvent être mises en évidence grâce à l'autoradiographie au S³⁵.

     

Primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma in a woman after renal transplantation: report of a case

In contrast to malignant lymphomas or skin cancer, smooth muscle tumors including leiomyosarcoma are rarely associated with transplant recipients. We herein present a 33-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease who received a transplant at 27 years of age. Four years after the transplantation, at age 31, she underwent a mastectomy because of primary right breast cancer, which was found to be a 5-mm-sized mucinous carcinoma with no regional lymph node metastasis. Six years after the transplantation, a liver tumor was unexpectedly discovered. An explorative laparotomy revealed a well-encapsulated tumor occupying the posterior portion of the right lobe of the liver. The patient underwent a posterior segmentectomy. Histologically, the tumor possessed intermingling fascicles of spindle cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongated nuclei. Based on an immunohistochemical examination, the tumor cells were positive for the muscle-associated antibody. In addition, RNA probes for Epstein-Barr virus were negative based on in situ hybridization. The histologic, immunohistochemical findings were considered to be diagnostic for leiomyosarcoma, which is a low-grade malignancy. Two years after surgery, the patient is doing well with no recurrence of liver tumors or breast cancer. Received: April 16, 2001 / Accepted: September 11, 2001     

Ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm complicated by acute aortic dissection and aortic valve regurgitation; report of a case

An 87-year-old man was found loss of consciousness after falling. He was found in a state of shock. Computed tomography showed rupture of aneurysm of the ascending aorta and aortic arch with acute aortic dissection. Echocardiography revealed aortic valve regurgitation and cardiac tamponade. As the result of emergency operation, a large hematoma in the mediastinum and pleural cavity as well as massive serous pericardial effusion were found. The dissection was seen in aneurysm of the ascending aorta and aortic arch with an intimal tear located in the aortic arch. After aortic valve replacement was performed, the ascending aorta and aortic arch were replaced, and reconstruction of 3 cervical vessel branches was performed under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest with selective cerebral perfusion. Despite the complex clinical state and serious condition in the elderly patient, emergency surgery saved the life of the patient without complications.