Multiple oncogenic mutations related to targeted therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Introduction:An increasing number of targeted drugs have been tested for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations have not been fully evalu...     

Combination of circulating tumor cell enumeration and tumor marker detection in predicting prognosis and treatment effect in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Although circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration in peripheral blood has already been validated as a reliable biomarker in predicting prognosis in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), patients with favorable CTC counts (CTC < 5/7.5 ml) still experience various survival times. Assays that can reduce patients'' risks are urgently needed. In this study, we set up a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method to detect epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell gene expression status in peripheral blood to validate whether they could complement CTC enumeration. From January 2013 to June 2014 we collected peripheral blood from 70 mCRPC patients and enumerated CTC in these blood samples using CellSearch system. At the same time, stem cell-related genes (ABCG2, PROM1 and PSCA) and EMT-related genes (TWIST1 and vimentin) were detected in these peripheral blood samples using an RT-qPCR assay. Patient overall survival (OS) and treatment methods were recorded in the follow-up. For patients who received first-line chemotherapy, docetaxel plus prednisone, PSA progression-free survival (PSA-PFS) and PSA response rate were recorded. At the time of analysis, 35 patients had died of prostate cancer with a median follow-up of 16.0 months. Unfavorable CTC enumerations (CTC ≥5/7.5 ml) were predictive of shorter OS (p = 0.01). Also, positive stem cell gene expression indicated poor prognosis in mCRPC patients (p = 0.01). However, EMT gene expression status failed to show any prognostic value in OS (p = 0.78). A multivariate analysis indicated that serum albumin (p = 0.04), ECOG performance status (p < 0.01), CTC enumeration (p = 0.02) and stem cell gene expression status (p = 0.01) were independent prognostic factors for OS. For the 40 patients categorized into the favorable CTC enumeration group, positive stem cell gene expression also suggested poor prognosis (p < 0.01). A combined prognostic model consisting of stem cell gene expression and CTC enumeration increased the concordance probability estimated value from 0.716 to 0.889 in comparison with CTC enumeration alone. For patients who received docetaxel plus prednisone as first-line chemotherapy, positive stem cell gene expression suggested a poor PSA-PFS (p = 0.01) and a low PSA response rate (p = 0.008). However, CTC enumeration and EMT gene expression status did not affect PSA-PFS or PSA response rates. As a result, detection of peripheral blood stem cell gene expression could complement CTC enumeration in predicting OS and docetaxel-based treatment effects in mCRPC patients.     

伴眼球震颤的中高度近视眼准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术的效果

目的 探讨应用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗伴有先天性眼球震颤的近视的疗效.方法 对14例(28眼)伴有眼球震颤的近视施行LASIK治疗,等效球镜度数在-5.00～-12.00 D之间,排除角膜炎症,圆锥角膜等眼科疾病.眼球震颤类型:14例均为水平冲动型眼球震颤,眼震值4～～8 mm,震颤频率2～3次/s,其中轻度代偿头位10例,明显代偿头位4例.结果 术后眼球震颤幅度较术前变小,眼震值3～6 mm,震动频率1～2次/s;术后的裸眼视力与术前最佳矫正视力差异无统计学意义;术前的平均屈光度为(-5.21±0.48)D,术后1年为(-0.32±0.25)D.结论 LASIK治疗伴有眼球震颤的近视疗效确切,安全.     

Btk及NFκB在急性髓系白血病细胞中的表达及其意义

摘要本研究检测Btk及NFκB在急性髓系白血病（AML）患者白血病细胞中的表达,评价其在AML发生、发展中的作用。选取14例AML初诊及治疗达完全缓解患者的骨髓单个核细胞标本,检测Btk、NFκB在mRNA及蛋白质水平的表达。结果表明：在mRNA及蛋白质水平,AML患者细胞中均有Btk、NFκB的表达。Btk、NFκB蛋白在初发AML患者白血病细胞中表达高,达完全缓解后,其表达下降或检测不到（P〈0．05）。结论：Btk、NFκB在AML的发生、发展中可能起重要作用,它们有可能作为AML的潜在治疗靶点及用于预后预测。     

五种石斛的指纹图谱研究

目的：建立密花、马鞭、短棒、鼓槌和金钗等五种石斛的色谱指纹图谱。方法：采用HPLC/UV/MS技术对五种石斛的色谱指纹图谱进行了研究。结果：建立了五种石斛的HPLC/UV指纹图谱,并对其中三种石斛HPLC/MS指纹图谱中的色谱峰进行了解析,共对15个谱峰进行了化学成分的初步归属。结论：所建立的方法可用于石斛指纹图谱的测定,并为其全面质量控制及化学成分研究提供参考。     

巴氨西林的人体药代动力学研究

目的建立正常人血浆中巴氨西林浓度的HPLC测定方法,研究巴氨西林在正常人体内的药代动力学行为.方法采用反相高效液相色谱-紫外检测的方法,测定巴氨西林在人体中的主要代谢产物氨苄西林的血药浓度.流动相11mmol/LKH\\-2PO\\-4(含0.1ml/L冰醋酸)-甲醇(78∶22,v/v).色谱柱为HypersilODS2,5μm,150mm×4.6mmID,紫外检测波长231nm.测定20名男性健康志愿受试者单剂量口服800mg巴氨西林片后血药浓度-时间过程.结果方法的专属性较好,血浆中杂质不干扰样品的测定.方法的回收率大于90%,日间日内变异系数低浓度小于20%,高浓度小于10%,线性范围0.316～20.220μg/ml(r=0.9998,n=5),最低检测浓度0.316μg/ml,符合生物样品分析要求.受试者口服巴氨西林片800mg后,以巴氨西林体内的主要活性代谢产物氨苄西林估算的末端相半衰期(T1/2)1.13±0.31h,峰时间(Tmax)0.81±0.30h,峰浓度(Cmax)10.75±2.53μg/ml,MRT2.01±0.40h,21.25±4.20μg·     

癫痫儿童适应行为特点的对照研究

目的 探讨癫痫儿童与正常儿童在适应行为方面的差异。方法 根据病例对照研究原则,采用１：１配对法,应用儿童适应行为评定量表分别对４２例３～１２岁癫痫儿童及正常儿童进行调查。结果 ①癫痫儿童的适应行为商数明显低于对照组[（８２．９±２７．３）ｖｓ（１０３．０±１４．６）］（Ｐ＜０．０５）。②癫痫儿童适应行为缺损主要表现在感觉运动、语言发展、社会责任、时空定向方面。在独立功能因子、认知功能因子方面与对照组比较差异有显著性(Ｐ＜０．０１或０．０５）。 ③癫痫的严重程度、家庭关系、父母文化程度、年龄及居住环境对癫痫儿童的适应行为有所影响（Ｐ＜ ０．０１或０．０５）。结论 癫痫儿童易出现适应行为缺损,对癫痫儿童进行必要的心理干预有助于提高其生活质量。