Celiac artery stenting: a new strategy for patients with pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm associated with stenosis of the celiac artery

We report a new strategy—celiac artery stenting—to relieve stenosis of the celiac arterial root. This was performed in two patients with pancreaticoduodenal artery (PDA) aneurysm associated with a stenotic celiac arterial root. The first patient was a 66-year-old man complaining of abrupt onset of upper abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a huge retroperitoneal hematoma behind the duodenum, and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) angiography demonstrated an aneurysm arising from inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery and celiac arteriography showed a stenotic celiac arterial root. Transcatheter embolization of the aneurysm was tried, but failed. Because of his unstable hemodynamics, emergent laparotomy with resection of the aneurysm was performed. Fourteen days after the operation, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with celiac arterial stenting was done. The patient was discharged 2 days later, and has had no further bleeding episode for 3 years. The second patient was a 46-year-old woman, who also complained of acute upper abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography disclosed a huge retroperitoneal hematoma, and selective SMA angiography demonstrated an aneurysm arising from the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, and celiac arteriography showed a stenotic celiac arterial root. Because angiography showed no active bleeding from the aneurysm, percutaneous transluminal angioplastic stenting of the stenotic celiac artery was performed. She was discharged 5 days later and has had no further bleeding episode for 2 years. Celiac arterial stenting, as shown in our two patients, could be easily and safely employed in patients with PDA aneurysm associated with a stenotic celiac arterial root to release the stenosis of the celiac arterial root and to prevent further possible bleeding.     

支气管腔内放疗治疗肺癌的疗效

目的：探讨支气管腔内后装近距离腔内放疗的方法、剂量和疗效。方法：用导丝导入法行支气管腔内放疗，可达亚段支气管。参考点20mm，单次剂量6-7GY，5-7日/间隔，2-4次/人。治疗中央型肺癌（均侵犯支气管）76例212人次。结果：病灶消失22例，缩小39例，稳定12例，进展3例，总有效率85.5％。起效时间均短于3周。结论：支气管腔内后装放疗是治疗腔内肿瘤及缓解伴随症状的有效方法。疗效及起效优于外照射和化疗。对复治患者仍然有效。     

Prostaglandin mediates premature delivery in pregnant sheep induced by estradiol at 121 days of gestational age

The experiments reported here were designed for both in vivo and in vitro approaches in the same animals to obtain a better picture of the role of estrogen in the control of parturition. Chronically catheterized pregnant ewes were treated with vehicle (n = 5) or estradiol (n = 6), 5 mg twice a day, im for 2 d starting at d 119 of gestation. Maternal and fetal plasma estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol were measured by RIA and maternal plasma prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Intrauterine PG H synthase 2 mRNA and protein and placental P450(c17)alpha hydroxylase mRNA were determined by Northern, in situ hybridization, Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry. Data were analyzed by ANOVA.Five of six estradiol-treated ewes delivered their fetuses within 48 h; however, the placenta was still retained 5-6 h after fetal delivery. Both maternal plasma estradiol and PGF2 alpha increased significantly in the estradiol-treated group. Maternal and fetal plasma progesterone and cortisol were not altered in either group. There were significant increases of PGH synthase 2 mRNA and protein in myometrium, endometrium, and maternal placenta but not in fetal placenta in estradiol-treated ewes. Placental P450(c17)alpha hydroxylase mRNA was not detectable in vehicle or estradiol-treated groups.Estradiol can, in the absence of increase in plasma cortisol, stimulate uterine PG production and induce labor, resulting in fetal delivery in the sheep. Failure of placental delivery after estradiol treatment suggests that estradiol alone is insufficient to stimulate some of the key changes required to complete delivery at the stage of gestation studied.     

"Z"型及网状食管支架置入后的病理学比较研究

目的探讨Z型及网状支架置入实验犬食管后局部的形态学变化特点.方法选择成年健康实验犬,均分为Z型组和网状组,采取自体阔筋膜移植固定法置入Z型或网状食管支架,分别于术后1,2,4,8 wk分批处死每组动物,取出置架部位的食管组织,进行大体、光镜、电镜分析,并比较两组的差异.结果自体阔筋膜移植固定法能有效地固定食管支架.支架术后1,2 wk局部食管粘膜炎症反应显著,成纤维细胞处于旺盛的增殖及分泌状态,有广泛肉芽组织形成及部分纤维化,食管组织开始向管腔内生长;术后4,8 wk增生组织已完全覆盖支架结构,并连接成片,管腔明显狭窄,局部大量的纤维结缔组织形成,炎症反应缓解.两组实验标本病理形态基本相似,仅"网状"组于术后1,2 wk炎症反应明显,粘膜广泛出现溃疡.结论支架术后食管组织主要表现为肉芽组织形成及纤维化,术后4,8 wk随着炎性反应的减弱,纤维化过程渐趋稳定.网状及Z型支架术后的病理过程基本一致,网状支架术后局部炎性反应显著加重.     

外源性醛固酮负性调控大鼠血浆神经肽Y的相关信号通路

目的探讨醛固酮（Ald）诱导心肌肥大的大鼠模型中,负性调控血浆神经肽Y（NPY）所涉及的信号转导机制。方法健康雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为3组正常对照组;Ald组皮下注射Ald（18μg/d）14d;环孢素A组皮下注射Ald（18μg/d）,环孢素A（5mg·g-1·d-1）皮下注射14d。测量尾动脉压,取心脏测量左心室质量/体质量（LVW/BW）,用放免方法测定血浆NPY、血管紧张素Ⅱ（AⅡ）、Ald含量。结果Ald组较正常组LVW/BW升高,NPY和AⅡ下降,Ald增加;环孢素A组较醛固酮组LVW/BW降低,NPY、AⅡ和Ald增加。结论外源性醛固酮可通过激活钙调神经磷酸酶信号通路,负性调控大鼠神经肽Y的生成和分泌。     

视黄醇结合蛋白4 与糖脂代谢指标及胆汁胆固醇饱和指数之间的相关性

目的：探讨血清及胆汁中视黄醇结合蛋白4(retinol binding protein 4,RBP4)的浓度与胰岛素抵抗、 血脂异常、胆汁胆固醇饱和指数(cholesterol saturation index,CSI)之间的关系。方法：将住院手术治疗胆囊结 石的患者随机分为糖尿病组和对照组,每组30例。采用ELISA法检测糖尿病组和对照组血清及胆汁中RBP4的 浓度,酶比色法测定胆汁胆固醇、胆汁酸和磷脂的含量,采用Carey表计算胆汁CSI,分析血清及胆汁中RBP4 水平与各项指标的相关性,并对相关指标进行多元线性回归分析。结果：糖尿病组血清及胆汁中RBP4的浓 度均显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。两组血清总胆汁酸(total bile acid,TBA),TG,HDL,以及胆汁TBA,TC, 磷脂及CSI之间的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。糖尿病组血清TC,LDL,空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose, FBG)、空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,FINS)以及稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。校正年龄影响后的偏相关分 析表明：胆汁RBP4与体质量指数(body mass index,BMI),腰围(waist circumference,WC),空腹血清胰岛素(fast serum insulin,FINS),FBG,TC,LDL,HOMA-IR呈正相关(分别r=0.283,0.405,0.685,0.667,0.553,0.424, 0.735);血清RBP4与WC,FINS,FBG,TC,LDL,HOMA-IR呈正相关(分别r=0.317,0.734,0.609,0.528, 0.386,0.751);逐步法多元线性回归分析表明HOMA-IR,BMI,WC与胆汁RBP4水平独立相关(回归方程如下： Y胆汁RBP4=2.372XHOMA-IR+0.420XBMI+0.178XWC−26.813);HOMA-IR,WC与血清RBP4水平独立相关(回归方程如下： Y血清RBP4=2.832XHOMA-IR+0.235XWC−20.128),HOMA-IR与RBP4的相关性最强。结论：糖尿病组血清及胆汁中RBP4的浓 度显著高于对照组;HOMA-IR,BMI,WC与胆汁RBP4呈独立相关;HOMA-IR,WC与血清RBP4呈独立相关; HOMA-IR与RBP4的相关性最强。RBP4可能在2型糖尿病合并胆囊结石的发展过程中起着重要作用。     

经皮肾镜取石术并发出血的危险因素分析

目的研究经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)并发出血的危险因素。方法选取该院2015年2月-2017年2月330例肾结石患者为研究对象,行PCNL术。根据是否并发出血将患者分为出血组与未出血组,收集两组年龄、性别、体质指数(BMI)、合并症、结石类型、结石直径、分期手术、手术时间、穿刺路径、通道数目、肾积水程度和既往手术史等临床与手术资料。结果 330例肾结石患者接受PCNL术治疗,28例患者术后并发出血,出血率为8.5%(28/330)。两组患者年龄、性别、BMI、合并高血压、肝功能异常、分期手术、穿刺路径和既往手术史比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),合并糖尿病、鹿角形结石、结石直径≥2 cm、手术时间60 min、多通道、无或轻度肾积水比例出血组明显高于未出血组(P0.05)。结论合并糖尿病、结石类型、结石直径、手术时间、通道数目和肾积度等6个因素对PCNL术并发出血有显著影响。其中结石类型、结石直径、手术时间、通道数目为PCNL术并发出血的独立影响因素。     

某院儿科住院患者盐酸氨溴索注射液使用分析

摘 要 目的:调查某院儿科住院患者盐酸氨溴索注射液（AHI）的使用情况,为促进临床合理用药提供参考。方法：回顾性随机抽查某院2014年1～6月191例使用了AHI的儿科住院患者住院病历,对用药适应证、用法用量等进行统计并分析。结果：AHI在191例病历中,用药适应证合理率为99.48%,但在给药途径、用法用量上均存在超说明书情况。结论：临床在儿科患者中使用AHI存在诸多超说明书用药的情况,应加强其规范使用的管理。     

Valorization of papaya fruit waste through low-cost fractionation and microbial conversion of both juice and seed lipids

Papaya (Carica papaya) is widely cultivated in many tropical regions of the world. With an estimated 30–50% cull rate, there is a large amount of off-grade papaya produced. Here, we report very low-cost processing of culled papaya fruit waste, without needing any complex mechanized operations, to yield several products, including seed oil, sugar-rich puree, detoxified/defatted seed meal, and crude myrosinase and glucosinolates with antimicrobial and biofumigation applications. We then demonstrated that both puree and seed oil can serve as effective carbon substrates for cultivation of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce single-cell proteins and high-value recombinant protein products. To use papaya seed oil for culturing Y. lipolytica, the concentration of the inhibitory substance benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) in the oil needs to be minimized. If the culled fruits (and hence seeds) were stored frozen prior to drying, a very high level (>30 mM) of BITC was detected in the oil extracted from the dried seeds. However, if the seeds were not frozen prior to drying, oil from dried papaya seeds contained almost no BITC, and could support vigorous growth of Y. lipolytica, with efficient production of a functional nanobody fusion protein at a level similar to that achieved using olive oil. By using both juice and seed lipid, rather than juice alone, Y. lipolytica biomass produced per unit papaya more than doubled. As Y. lipolytica is amenable to genetic manipulation, and is known as a proficient cell factory with many industrial applications, the papaya waste valorization technology could potentially be extended to produce additional useful products such as biofuel and oleochemicals from Y. lipolytica.

Seed oil from papaya waste was validated as a novel carbon substrate for Yarrowia lipolytica to produce high-value products.     

A facile and highly sensitive resonance Rayleigh scattering-energy transfer method for urea using a fullerene probe

Under ultrasound conditions, a deep yellow fullerene (C₆₀) colloid was prepared, which exhibits two resonance Rayleigh scattering peaks at 385 nm and 530 nm. Urea was reacted with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) to produce 4,5-dimethyl-2-imidazole ketone (DIK), in the presence of stabilizer thiosemicarbazone (TSC). Resonance Rayleigh scattering energy transfer (RRS-ET) was shown to occur between the donor fullerene and acceptor DIK due to an overlap of the DIK absorption and fullerene RRS peaks. Upon an increase in the urea concentration, the RRS-ET was enhanced and the RRS intensity decreased. The decreased RRS intensity was linear to the urea concentration in the range of 6.66–333.00 nmoL L⁻¹, with a detection limit of 2.0 nmoL L⁻¹. Accordingly, a new and simple RRS-ET method was established for detecting trace levels of urea in foods, with satisfactory results.

Under ultrasound conditions, a deep yellow fullerene (C₆₀) colloid was prepared, which exhibits two resonance Rayleigh scattering peaks at 385 nm and 530 nm.