Microneurosurgery in combination with endovascular embolisation in the treatment of solid haemangioblastoma in the dorsal medulla oblongata

Objective

To investigate the treatment of solid haemangioblastomas in the dorsal medulla oblongata using microneurosurgery in combination with endovascular embolisation.

Methods

Clinical data from 11 patients with solid haemangioblastomas in the dorsal medulla oblongata who were treated with endovascular embolisation followed by microneurosurgery were analysed retrospectively. Clinical results were evaluated using the modified Rankin scale. The patients were preoperatively evaluated by neuroimaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contrast MRI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). General anaesthesia was induced, the patients were tracheally intubated, and the abnormal vessels were embolised. Surgery to resect the haemangioblastoma was conducted after the blood-clotting index returned to normal levels (generally one month after the interventional treatment).

Results

Embolisation was accomplished in all 11 patients. DSA analysis revealed that most of the tumour vessels and tumour stains disappeared without any complications. The haemangioblastomas were completely resected. None of the patients received blood transfusion or died during surgery. The neurological deficit was reduced or eliminated in 10 patients, but 1 patient died after experiencing an acute myocardial infarction on the tenth postoperative day. No recurrence occurred during follow-up in patients who underwent total tumour resection. Postoperative grades using the modified Rankin scale were improved in all 10 patients. However, several complications occurred, including communicating hydrocephalus, incision infection, pneumonia and cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the incision. Notably, normal perfusion pressure breakthrough (NPPB) did not develop during or after endovascular embolisation or surgery.

Conclusion

Preoperative endovascular embolisation is a safe and effective adjunct treatment. Employing this treatment, solid haemangioblastomas in the dorsal medulla oblongata can be safely and completely resected.     

MRI与PET在颞叶癫癎中定位价值的比较

目的 比较ＭＲＩ及ＦＤＧ－ＰＥＴ在颞叶癫癎致癎灶定位中的价值,探讨癫癎外科术前定位的方法以及手术预后的判断。方法 以手术后癫癎控制状况为标准,对３０例颞叶癫癎患者的术前ＭＲＩ和ＦＤＧ－ＰＥＴ的结果进行比较,分析ＭＲＩ及ＰＥＴ各自在癫癎致癎灶定位中的价值。结果ＭＲＩ有良好的脑结构分辨能力,对于症状性癫癎的定位价值高,当ＭＲＩ显示海马硬化时,对致癎灶定位的意义大,术后癫癎发作完全控制的可能性大。发作间期ＰＥＴ对于颞叶癫癎定位的敏感性高于ＭＲＩ,但ＰＥＴ低代谢的范围往往超过致癎灶。与ＰＥＴ的目测方法比较,ＰＥＴ半定量分析并不能提高致癎灶定位的准确性及对手术效果的预测。结论　ＭＲＩ与ＰＥＴ检查结合可以提高致癎灶定位的准确性及对手术效果的预测,减少颅内记录的应用。     

Bisphenol a regulates the estrogen receptor alpha signaling in developing hippocampus of male rats through estrogen receptor

Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most common environmental endocrine disruptors, has been recognized to have wide adverse effects on the brain development and behavior. These adversities are related to its ability to bind estrogen receptor (ER) with subsequent alteration of its expression in the target areas. However, very little is known about whether BPA exposure also affects ER phosphorylation and its translocation to nucleus during postnatal development, two critical steps for its function. Here, we found that during development from postnatal day 7 (P7) to P21, the alpha subtype of ER (ERα) in the hippocampus of male rats experienced remarkable alterations in terms of its expression, phosphorylation and translocation to nucleus. Exposure to low level of BPA had bidirectional, development‐dependent effects on the expression of ERα mRNA and protein, but decreased ERα phosphorylation and impaired its translocation to nucleus throughout the period investigated. Treatment with low dose of ICI 182,780 (ICI), an ER antagonist to block the binding of ER with BPA, reversed the altered ERα following BPA exposure, highlighting critical involvement of ER. Moreover, ICI treatment rescued the hippocampus‐dependent behavioral deficits in the adult rats experiencing early‐life BPA exposure. Overall, our results indicate that BPA interferes with the ERα signaling in the developing hippocampus in an ER‐dependent manner, which may underlie its adverse behavioral and cognitive outcomes in adult animals. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

脑膜瘤MLH1启动子甲基化水平及临床意义

目的探讨脑膜瘤mut L同源基因1(MLH1)启动子甲基化水平与脑膜瘤侵袭性的相关性。方法从我院标本库随机选取64例脑膜瘤石蜡包埋组织标本,其中侵袭性脑膜瘤26例,非侵袭性脑膜瘤38例。应用逆转录-PCR检测MLH1 m RNA表达水平,应用特异高分辨率熔解(MS-HRM)曲线检测不同侵袭性脑膜瘤MLH1启动子甲基化水平。结果侵袭性脑膜瘤MLH1m RNA含量比非侵袭性脑膜瘤显著降低(P<0.05)。MS-HRM曲线分析显示,侵袭性脑膜瘤MLH1启动子区高度甲基化水平为0~1%所占比例(7.7%,2/26)显著低于非侵袭性脑膜瘤(55.3%,21/38;P<0.05)。结论 MLH1启动子区甲基化可能下调MLH1的表达,进而调控脑膜瘤侵袭性行为。     

阿立哌唑作为增效剂治疗强迫症的随机对照研究

目的探讨小剂量阿立哌唑作为增效剂治疗强迫症的疗效及安全性。方法 64例强迫症患者在帕罗西汀治疗的基础上,双盲、随机分为合用组[帕罗西汀合并阿立哌唑,阿立哌唑平均剂量（标准差）为7.9（1.3）mg/d]及对照组（帕罗西汀合并维生素C）,治疗8周。于治疗前及治疗后分别采用Yale-Brow强迫量表、治疗时出现的症状量表（TESS）评定药物疗效及不良反应。结果治疗前合用组和对照组帕罗西汀的平均剂量（标准差）分别为30.2（5.1）mg/d、29.6（6.1）mg/d,差异无统计学意义（t=0.86,P=0.291）;合用组和对照组Y-BOCS评分的均分（标准差）分别为25.0（2.4）、25.1（2.6）,差异无统计学意义（t=0.89,P=0.379）,治疗后两组的评分分别为17.9（3.3）、23.0（2.5）,差异有统计学意义（t=15.89,P〈0.001）。治疗后两组TESS评分无统计学差异。结论小剂量阿立哌唑可作为增效剂治疗强迫症,8周治疗后未见严重不良反应。     

我国中医计算机辅助诊断研究热点与趋势的知识图谱分析

目的 分析我国近40年中医计算机辅助诊断研究的相关文献,探索该领域发展现状、研究热点及前沿动态,为后期研究提供参考和借鉴.方法 检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)自建库至2020年10月31日发表的中医计算机辅助诊断研究相关文献,运用CiteSpace v.5.7.R2软件对发文量、作者、发文机构、关键词进行分析挖掘,并...     

抵当陷胸汤对糖尿病大鼠心肌超微结构和CTGF及其受体LRP蛋白表达的影响

目的：观察抵当陷胸汤对糖尿病心肌病(DCM)大鼠心肌超微结构的影响,并同时探究其对结缔生长因子(CTGF)及其低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白(LRP)表达的影响。方法：给予链脲佐菌素(55 mg·kg^-1)腹腔注射大鼠建立糖尿病模型,继续饲养3周,即DCM模型。将造模成功40只大鼠随机分为模型组、小陷胸汤组、血府逐瘀汤组、抵当陷胸汤组和阿拉氯胺(ALT-711)组,每组8只大鼠,另随机选10只正常健康大鼠设为正常组。给药组按剂量为4.05、6.30、8.10 g·kg^-1·d^-1和3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1灌胃相应药物;正常组及模型组均按照10 mL·kg^-1·d^-1剂量给予蒸馏水灌胃8周,第8周末麻醉状态下取心肌组织。采用透射电镜观察心肌细胞的超微结构;采用免疫组化和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测心肌组织中CTGF及其受体LRP蛋白表达。结果：与正常组比较,模型组的心肌超微结构损伤明显,CTGF蛋白表达水平显著增高(P&l...     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定当归芍药散提取物和含药血清中3种活性成分含量

目的 建立测定当归芍药散提取物和含药血清中3种活性成分含量的高效液相色谱串联质谱方法.方法 药物提取物样品经甲醇-水(1:1,V/)溶液溶解、离心、净化后过0.45 μm滤膜,血清样品适当稀释、过膜后用高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定.色谱柱为Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18(100 mmX2.1 m...     

HLA-A/B、DR抗原的基因配型对穿透性角膜移植免疫排斥反应影响的研究

目的 探讨HLA-A/B、DR抗原的基因配型对穿透性角膜移植术后免疫排斥的影响。设计实验研究。研究对象北京同仁医院穿透性角膜移植角膜供受体材料150对。方法 回顾角膜供受体的基本信息、免疫排斥反应发生情况、可能引起排斥反应的高危因素。对供体角膜环和受体病变组织采用多聚酶链式反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SS)法进行HLA-A/B、DR抗原的基因检测及配型。根据供体与受体HLA配型是否一致分为配型符合组及配型不符合组。采用χ²检验对组间排斥反应率进行比较。采用Logistic回归分析基因配型及其他相关危险因素对发生排斥反应的发生风险。主要指标不同HLA抗原基因配型的排斥反应发生率;发生排斥反应的OR值。结果 150对角膜组织中HLA-A/B配型符合组64例,3例(4.69%)发生免疫排斥反应;配型不符合组86例中23例(33.72%)发生排斥反应(χ²=18.430,P<0.001)。HLA-DR配型符合组34例,9例(25.71%)发生免疫排斥反应,配型不符合组115例,23例(20%)发生免疫排斥反应(χ²=0....