前部增生性玻璃体视网膜病变引起慢性低眼压房水生成率的测定

目的：探讨前部增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（anterior prolieferative vitreoretinopathy,aPVR)低眼压状态下房水生成率变化,从房水动力学的角度揭示aPVR引起慢性低眼压的发病机制。方法：利用培养的同种兔皮肤成纤维细胞制作aPVR引起慢性低眼的动物模型。于术前及术后不同时间点分别观测眼压、术后14d,28d,56d分别以高效液相色谱仪测量房水荧光素清除率,进一步计算房水生成率。结果：术后2周、4周、8周实验组平均眼压、房水生成率明显低于对照组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。结论：在aPVR病理状态下,低眼压的形成与房水生成率下降有关。     

雷公藤多甙片加益肾活血法治疗IgM相关性肾小球疾病

目的探讨IgM相关性肾小球疾病的治疗。方法53例患者分为雷公藤多甙片组(A组)和雷公藤多甙片＋中药益肾活血(B组)治疗,疗程2个月。结果两组治疗前后尿蛋白均下降（P＜0．05）,组间比较则B组降低更明显(P＜0．05)。尿红细胞均有减少,A组P＞0．05,B组P＜0．05;组间比较P＜0．05。结论雷公藤多甙片＋中药益肾活血法治疗IgM相关性肾小球疾病较单用雷公藤多甙片疗效显著提高。认为辨病辨证相结合组方用药,能够提高疗效。     

氧化氮-环磷酸鸟苷通路在支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用

目的 :探讨一氧化氮 -环磷酸鸟苷 (NO- c GMP)通路在支气管哮喘发病机制中的作用。方法 :给 10名健康人、13例缓解期哮喘病人及 2 9例发作期哮喘患者诱导痰液 ,检测诱导痰液中 NO2 - /NO3- 及 c GMP的水平。并对其中 11例哮喘发作期患者应用强的松 (30 mg/d) ,治疗 1周的前后进行自身对照研究。结果 :哮喘发作期患者 NO2 - /NO3-水平显著高于健康对照者 [(4 0 6 .34± 5 12 .18) μmol/L,(71.80± 10 0 .98) μmol/L,P<0 .0 1],应用激素后患者在症状、体征好转的同时 ,NO2 - /NO3-和 c GMP的水平均有明显下降 ,稳定期哮喘患者的 NO2 - /NO3-水平同正常人相比差异无显著性。结论 :NO- c GMP通路可能在哮喘的发病中起重要作用 ,诱导痰 NO2 - /NO3- 的测定是无创伤性检测哮喘气道炎症的一项简便易行的实用方法。     

前列腺增生症伴有神经源性排尿功能障碍的处理

目的：提高对前列腺增生症伴有神经源性排尿功能障碍的认知和处理水平。方法：回顾分析14例前列腺增生症伴有神经源性排尿功能障碍患者的临床资料、尿动力学检查、诊断、处理及预后情况。结果：14例中行前列腺电气化9例,趾骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术1例,膀胱永久造瘘2例,药物保守治疗2例。电气化患者1例出现永久性尿失禁,1例术后1年又出现增生,经再次气化治疗后痊愈,其余患者排尿均明显改善,残余尿减少或消失。结论：前列腺增生症伴有原性尿功能障碍并不少见,通过细致的检验和尿动力学检查,明确神经性排尿功能障碍的严重程度,选择恰当的治疗方案能够改善排尿症状,减少永久膀胱造瘘,最大限度地提高病人的生活质量。     

上田法对脑瘫儿运动功能改善的疗效评价

目的　为了研究上田法与Vojta等法对脑瘫儿运动功能改善情况。方法　将 5 8例脑瘫儿 (包括 3岁以上及重症脑瘫儿 )分为年龄相同的两组 ,分别采用上田法与Vojta等法治疗 ,疗程≥ 1个月。 结果　上田组的坐位功能改善较Vojta组明显 (P <0 0 1)。在上田组中 ,3岁以上脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (5 7 0 4± 31 92 )分和 (78 5 2± 2 0 83)分 ,重症脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (10 5 4± 9 6 1)分和 (31 5 2± 15 0 3)分。而Vojta组中 ,3岁以上脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (73 33± 31 86 )分和 (80 37± 2 4 76 )分 ,重症脑瘫儿治疗前、后总分平均为 (2 3 5 5± 2 1 98)分和 (2 9 33± 2 5 2 1)分。结论　上田法对脑瘫儿坐位功能改善优于Vojta等法 ,尤其对 3岁以上脑瘫儿及重症脑瘫儿效果更佳     

胃癌中P16与MDM2的免疫组化研究

目的 :检测胃肿瘤及正常胃组织中P16与MDM2的表达 ,探讨其在肿瘤凋亡中的相互关系。方法 :采用免疫组织化学方法 (SABC法 )。结果 :胃癌中P16阳性率为 69% ,MDM2阳性率为 75 % ,它们与正常胃组织及良性胃肿瘤相比差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :在胃癌的细胞凋亡中 ,P16与MDM2均发挥了其各自对细胞凋亡的作用 ,为临床胃癌的组织学检测提供了理论依据 ,同时也支持胃癌的发生是多基因协同作用的过程     

Clinicopathological characteristics,prognosis, and chemosensitivity in patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics, chemosensitivity, and outcome of metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Patients and MethodsRecords of patients with metastatic UTUC since January 2005 were retrieved from a database that included clinical and survival data. Statistical analyses including survival and multivariate analyses of factors were respectively performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsA total of 250 consecutive UTUC cases were evaluated. There were 56 patients (22.4%) with initially diagnosed stage IV disease. The most common metastatic sites were lung (39.6%), distant lymph nodes (39.2%), bone (19.6%), liver (18.0%), and adrenal gland (7.2%), respectively, and the local recurrence rate was 10.4%. Two hundred thirteen patients received first-line chemotherapy. The overall response rate was only 28.7% and the median progression-free survival time was only 5.0 months. The overall survival time of the cohort was 18.0 months. Multivariate analyses showed that initially diagnosed stage IV disease, number of metastatic organs ≥3, no response to chemotherapy and cycles of chemotherapy ≤2 were adverse prognosticators for overall survival.ConclusionUTUC presented to be more prone to metastasize than locally recur and thought to have low chemosensitivity. Stage IV disease at initial diagnosis, number of metastatic organs, response and cycles of chemotherapy were independent prognosticators for metastatic UTUC.     

Changing Levels of Social Engagement with Gay Men Is Associated with HIV Related Outcomes and Behaviors: Trends in Australian Behavioral Surveillance 1998–2020

Archives of Sexual Behavior - Changes to how gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) connect with each other and with their communities have implications for HIV prevention. Social...     

CircCDR1as Suppresses Bone Microvascular Endothelial Cell Activity and Angiogenesis Through Targeting miR‐135b/ FIH‐1 Axis

ObjectiveThe current study investigated the role of CircCDR1as on angiogenesis of bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) isolated from non‐traumatic ONFH.MethodsForty corticosteroid‐induced ONFH patients received THA were enrolled in our study. Expressions of CircCDR1as, miR‐135b, and FIH‐1 were detected by qRT‐PCR in affected necrosis tissue and non‐affected normal tissue. Bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC) were isolated from six patients and treated with 0.1 mg/mL hydrocortisone to establish a GC‐damaged model of BMECs. Circ CDR1as plasmid and miR‐135b mimic were transfected into BMECs. BMEC proliferation was assessed using MTT assays. The migration ability of cells was detected by scratch‐wound assays. Matrigel assay was performed to detect angiogenesis in vitro. Western blot assay was used to detect HIF‐1α, VEGF, and FIH‐1 expressions. FISH, RNA pull down, RIP, and luciferase assay were carried out to determine the interaction of CircCDR1as, miR‐135b, and FIH‐1.ResultsCircCDR1as was upregulated(2.02 ± 0.30 vs. 1.00 ± 0.10,P < 0.001) whereas miR‐135b was downregulated (0.55 ± 0.12 vs. 1.00 ± 0.10,P < 0.001) in affected tissues than in non‐affected tissues. Expression of CircCDR1as and FIH‐1 were negatively associated with miR‐135b in affected tissues (CircCDR1as with miR‐135b: r = −0.506, P < 0.001; FIH‐1 with miR‐135b r = −0.510, P < 0.001). Total blood tubule density was increased when CircCDR1as was silenced compared with NC (P < 0.01 vs. NC). The number of migrated BMECs were significantly increased in CircCDR1as silencing group compared with NC group (P < 0.05 vs. NC). In addition, CircCDR1as plasmids transfection increased the protein expressions of FIH‐1 (P < 0.05 vs. NC) and reduced the HIF‐1α as well as VEGF expression compared with NC group (P < 0.05 vs. NC). FISH, RNA pull down, RIP, and luciferase assay identified that FIH‐1 was a target of miR‐135b and could be modulated by CircCDR1as.ConclusionCircCDR1as decreases angiogenesis and proliferation of BMECs by sponging miR‐135b and upregulate FIH‐1.     

The Effect of a PEEK Material‐Based External Fixator in the Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures with Non‐Transarticular External Fixation

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of a PEEK material‐based external fixator in the treatment of distal radius fractures with non‐transarticular external fixation.MethodsThere were 48 patients in this prospective comparative study. They were divided into two groups according to the materials used: the PEEK group and the titanium group. Wrist dorsiflexion, palmar flexion, pronation, supination, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, grip strength of the palm on the affected side, kneading force, Visual Analogue Scale/Score (VAS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, operation time, frequency of fluoroscopy procedures, and X‐ray results were compared between the two groups. Functional recovery was evaluated at the last follow‐up according to the wrist joint evaluation criteria.ResultsThe baseline data were comparable between the two groups, and no significant differences were found in age, sex, fracture types (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the results of DASH, grip strength, and recovery of pinch force and wrist function (dorsiflexion, clavicle, ulnar deviation, deviation, pronation, and supination) (P > 0.05). Normal limb function was achieved in the two groups of patients at an average of 6 weeks after surgery, and there was no significant difference in X‐ray examination radial height (10.60 ± 1.59 vs 11.00 ± 1.53, P = 0.687), radial inclination (1.11 ± 0.24 vs 1.12 ± 0.24, P = 0.798), volar tilt (10.33 ± 2.13 vs 10.00 ± 2.08, P = 0.660), ulnar variance (20.87 ± 3.00 vs 20.38 ± 3.04, P = 0.748), and step‐off persistence (1.73 ± 0.69 vs 1.68 ± 0.72, P = 0.425) between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the operation time (54.80 ± 12.20 vs 85.23 ± 15.14, P = 0.033) and number of fluoroscopy procedures (36.93 ± 6.89 vs 64.77 ± 9.74, P = 0.000) in the PEEK group were significantly reduced compared with those in the titanium group.ConclusionCompared with the traditional titanium external fixator, the PEEK composite external fixator has advantages, such as a shorter operation time and fewer fluoroscopy procedures when used to treat different types of distal radius fracture.