人急性早幼粒细胞性白血病细胞诱导分化生成树突状细胞的体外研究

树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DC)在激发机体抗白血病T细胞免疫应答中具有重要作用,有报道DC可以由单核细胞及粒细胞分化生成,本研究应用细胞因子在体外诱导了急性早幼粒细胞性白血病(APL)细胞向DC的分化.从M3型APL患者外周血分离白血病细胞,加入GM-CSF(100ng/ml)或GM-CSF(100ng/ml) rhIL-4(500U/ml)体外培养14天,并于培养结束前3天加人TN-α(100ng/ml).结果表明,GM-CSF可以促进白血病细胞体外增殖,并从幼稚状态逐渐分化成熟,表达高水平的CD45分子,其中部分为CD14~ 的单核细胞,部分为CDla~ 的DC(M3DC);培养后期加入TNF-α,可以促进DC生成,约占35%;以GM-CSF IL-4培养也诱导了幼稚细胞的成熟,2周后DC约占10%,但较少单核细胞生成,培养至3周时DC约占60%;而在培养后第11天加入TNF-α则可以加速DC生成,3天后生成的白血病型DC达90%.电镜观察到M3DC具有与单核细胞来源的DC相似的超微结构,但具有的突出特征是部分细胞存在少量胞浆颗粒;M3DC高表达HLA-DR、B7-2、CD40、CD54分子,体外可以强烈刺激同种T细胞增殖.此类由白血病细胞诱导生成的DC可被用于体内外诱导生成肿瘤特异性CTL,在APL的免疫治疗中具有一定的应用价值.     

子宫内膜癌中E-cad PTEN蛋白表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨上皮型钙粘素(E-cad)和PTEN在子宫内膜癌中的蛋白表达及临床意义.方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法,检测37例正常子宫内膜(NE),40例非典型增生内膜(AHE)和72例癌性内膜(CE)中E-cad、PTEN的蛋白表达,并结合临床指标、预后进行分析.结果:在NE、AHE和CE中E-cad表达阳性率为100%(37/37)、70.00%(28/40)和47.22%(34/72);PTEN表达阳性率为100%(37/37)、77.50%(31/40)和48.61%(35/72).E-cad的表达与内膜癌患者临床分期、浸润深度和病理分级相关.临床Ⅰ Ⅱ期和浸润深度≤1/2的E-cad表达阳性率高(P＜0.05),病理分级G1、G2、G3表达逐渐下降(P＜0.05).E-cad高表达组5年生存率比低表达组高(P＜0.05).PTEN的表达与临床分期和病理分级相关,Ⅰ Ⅱ期组的PTEN表达阳性率低于Ⅲ Ⅳ期;随着肿瘤细胞的去分化,PTEN表达降低(P＜0.05);PTEN高表达组的5年生存率高于低表达组(P＜0.05).结论:PTEN和E-cad均在子宫内膜癌的发生、发展中起重要作用,与预后密切相关.     

头孢克肟片和胶囊在健康人体的生物等效性

目的 评价头孢克肟片剂、胶囊剂与参比制剂在健康人体内的药代动力 学及其生物等效性。方法用三交叉全排列组合设计,18名健康男性受试者 交叉单剂量口服试验药头孢克肟片、胶囊和对照药头孢克肟胶囊剂,用高效液 相色谱法测定其的血药浓度。结果受试制剂头孢克肟片、胶囊与对照药头孢 克肟胶囊的Cmax分别为:(1．64±0．45),(1．58±0．37)和(1．67±O．46)μg· mL-1;tmax分别为:(3．78±0．38),(3．75±0．34)和(3．86±0．28)h;AUC0-24分 别为:(13．58±3．78),(13．49±3．63)和(13．36±4．16)mg·h·L-1;AUC0-∞ 分别为:(14．49±3．94),(14．32±3．87)和(14．05±4．31)mg·h·L-1。经统 计学分析,3组间均无显著性差异(P>0．05)。结论3种制剂具有生物等效 性。     

Expression of a synapse-associated membrane protein, P84/SHPS-1, and its ligand, IAP/CD47, in mouse retina

P84 and integrin associated protein (IAP) are heterophilic binding partners that are expressed in the central nervous system in addition to a variety of other tissues. Both molecules are known to be involved in cell signaling in nonneural tissues. In the retina, both molecules are expressed prominently in plexiform layers, suggesting a possible association with synapses. Here, we examined the cellular expression and ultrastructural localization of the two molecules in the developing mouse retina. Both appeared to be expressed at one or both sides of synaptic sites, although the expression of IAP in the retina precedes that of P84. Examination of transgenic IAP-null retinae revealed a failure of P84 to become associated with synaptic sites, suggesting the interaction of P84 with IAP was necessary for P84's synaptic localization. These findings suggest that the signaling activities of P84 and IAP are localized to sites of synaptic contact in the retina. Thus this pair of synapse-associated molecules represents a bidirectional signaling system that could function to modify synaptic activity or possibly trophic interactions between central neurons.     

Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on plasma lipid, vitamins A, and E in Korean alcoholics

This human study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on plasma concentrations of lipid and the antioxidative system in 44 Korean alcoholics and 45 age-, sex-, and nationality-matched nonalcoholic subjects. Plasma triacylglycerols and atherogenic index were higher in alcoholics than in control subjects. Plasma total cholesterol was not different among groups, but plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in alcoholics. There were positive correlations between ethanol consumption and plasma lipid peroxide and atherogenic index in all subjects; there were negative correlations between ethanol consumption and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in all subjects. There were no significant differences between alcoholics and control subjects in plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol, although plasma α-tocopherol/lipid tended to be lower in alcoholics. Plasma retinol was lower in alcoholics. These results suggest that chronic ethanol consumption can contribute to increased risk for vascular diseases in Korean alcoholics.     

小儿高脂血症危险因素的临床抽样调查

目的通过临床抽样调查，探讨与小儿高脂血症发病有关的危险因素，为小儿高脂血症的早期检测提供客观指标。 方法北京大学第一医院儿科等于2004年9月，调查并分析了962名北京市景山学校在校学生(5~19岁)的血脂浓度，其中采用酶法测定总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL C)及低密度脂蛋白(LDL C)等4项指标。采用坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数来反映身体肥胖程度，进一步分析了这些指标与血脂浓度的关系。 结果在962名学生中，共检出高脂血症患儿122例，总检出率为12.7%。高脂血症组的坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数4项指标明显高于正常组，2组间差异有显著性(P<0.05)；坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数等4项指标与甘油三酯均呈高度显著正相关(P<0.01)，与高密度脂蛋白均呈高度显著负相关(P<0.01)。 结论正常组与高脂血症组的坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数4项指标差异均有显著性；坐高、腰围、上臂围、体重指数均是影响甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白浓度的危险因素。     

北京地区7~18岁青少年血脂现状调查

目的通过最新一轮的北京地区儿童青少年血脂调查，建立新的正常参考值。 方法于2004-09，随机选取7~18岁北京市中小学生共971人，均来自北京市区及郊区各县。根据年龄(每3岁为一年龄段)及性别分为8组(7~9岁男、女组；~12岁男、女组；~15岁男、女组；~18岁男、女组)，应用日立7060型全自动生化分析仪检测其空腹血浆总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL C)浓度，分别取TC、LDL C第75百分位及第90百分位点作为临界高限及高胆固醇血症浓度，取TG第90百分位点作为高甘油三酯血症浓度，取HDL C第5百分位点作为低高密度脂蛋白浓度，建立北京地区儿童血脂参考值。 结果971名儿童的血浆脂蛋白含量值呈正偏态分布，7~9岁男女性别组间血脂4项浓度；~12岁性别组间TG含量女高于男，余3项无统计学差异；~15岁性别组间TC及LDL C含量女高于男，余2项无统计学差异；~18岁性别组间TC及HDL C女高于男，余2项无统计学差异。 结论通过对971名北京市中小学生的血脂调查，建立了北京地区不同年龄性别儿童青少年的血脂正常值，确立了临界高胆固醇和高胆固醇血症浓度、高甘油三酯血症浓度和低高密度脂蛋白浓度。     

Tissue microarray: an effective high-throughput method to study the placenta for clinical and research purposes.

OBJECTIVE: Tissue microarray (TMA) technology allows simultaneous examination of the expression of many molecular markers (protein, mRNA, DNA, etc.) with high-throughput. The application of this technology, to date, has been largely confined to the study of cancer. Placental pathology poses unique challenges because of the size of the organ, its complex anatomy, as well as its histological heterogeneity. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and efficiency of TMAs for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of placental tissues. STUDY DESIGN: TMAs were constructed using an automated tissue arrayer. Standard 0.6-mm or 1-mm microarray needles were used. Villous parenchyma, basal plate, and chorioamniotic membranes were targeted in each block. Five mum-thick TMA sections underwent immunohistochemical analysis of both cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens using a panel of antibodies against a variety of cytoplasmic [cytokeratin-7, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and protein Z], membranous (endoglin), and nuclear (c-fos and c-jun) antigens. mRNA in situ hybridization for surfactant protein A (SP-A) and chromogenic in situ hybridization for the Y chromosome (DYZ1) were also performed. RESULTS: Validation of TMA immunoreactivity demonstrated comparable results with corresponding whole sections. When a two-tiered scoring system (positive/negative) was employed, there was agreement between two and three cores and whole tissue sections (kappa>0.7). When a three-tiered scoring system (negative, weak-positive, or strong-positive) was used, the data from three cores showed the highest agreement with whole tissue sections (kappa >0.7). In situ hybridization experiments for mRNA and DNA were also successful in that the signals were readily detectable. Successful transfer from the donor block to the recipient block differed according to the anatomical compartment. The transfer efficiency of villous parenchyma, basal plate, and chorioamniotic membranes were 96.9% (875/903), 76.7% (115/150), and 75.4% (224/297), respectively. CONCLUSION: TMA is a practical and effective tool for high-throughput molecular analysis of the human placenta. Duplicate and triplicate cores offer agreement with whole tissue sections for two-category distinction immunostaining. TMA also affords relevant results from in situ hybridization experiments for mRNA and DNA. The major advantages are the conservation of tissues and reagents, simultaneous comparison of molecular markers in different anatomical compartments of the placenta, and reduction of experimental error.     

Relationsip between PTEN and VEGF Expression and Clinicopathological Characteristics in HCC

Recent reports have identified that phosphatase and tensin homlog deleted on chromosome ten protein (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene in the human body with a double-specific phosphatase activity of lipid phosphatase and protein phosphatase[1]. Vascular endo-thelial growth factor (VEGF) is known as one of the ut-most factors stimulating tumor blood vessel growth. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a solid malignant tumor, whose growth is rapid, with frequent intrahepatic dissemination and m…     

肝主疏泄与心理免疫的关系初探

心理免疫属于中医所述情志的范畴.通过对肝主疏泄与心理免疫相关性的研究,欲从与精神因素有密切关系的心理免疫角度探讨肝主疏泄在肝病临床中的重要意义.大量的临床实践也表明,心理及精神的调节对肝病的治疗、预后同保健、环境因素、药物治疗一样有着不可忽视的作用.肝病患者在病程中由于压力会产生各种各样的心理障碍,这些因素都直接影响着肝病治疗的效果.可见,调节情志,改善心身机能状态在肝病的治疗方面起着重要的作用.