全文获取类型
收费全文 | 43623篇 |
免费 | 2049篇 |
国内免费 | 376篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 442篇 |
儿科学 | 954篇 |
妇产科学 | 489篇 |
基础医学 | 5805篇 |
口腔科学 | 725篇 |
临床医学 | 2612篇 |
内科学 | 11308篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1021篇 |
神经病学 | 3251篇 |
特种医学 | 1773篇 |
外科学 | 7561篇 |
综合类 | 176篇 |
一般理论 | 6篇 |
预防医学 | 1121篇 |
眼科学 | 1002篇 |
药学 | 2712篇 |
中国医学 | 170篇 |
肿瘤学 | 4920篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 242篇 |
2022年 | 496篇 |
2021年 | 882篇 |
2020年 | 468篇 |
2019年 | 653篇 |
2018年 | 912篇 |
2017年 | 691篇 |
2016年 | 883篇 |
2015年 | 965篇 |
2014年 | 1241篇 |
2013年 | 1582篇 |
2012年 | 2550篇 |
2011年 | 2845篇 |
2010年 | 1615篇 |
2009年 | 1484篇 |
2008年 | 2678篇 |
2007年 | 2901篇 |
2006年 | 2930篇 |
2005年 | 2938篇 |
2004年 | 3052篇 |
2003年 | 3097篇 |
2002年 | 3062篇 |
2001年 | 460篇 |
2000年 | 378篇 |
1999年 | 529篇 |
1998年 | 758篇 |
1997年 | 640篇 |
1996年 | 599篇 |
1995年 | 501篇 |
1994年 | 451篇 |
1993年 | 487篇 |
1992年 | 296篇 |
1991年 | 287篇 |
1990年 | 231篇 |
1989年 | 215篇 |
1988年 | 224篇 |
1987年 | 170篇 |
1986年 | 136篇 |
1985年 | 144篇 |
1984年 | 155篇 |
1983年 | 119篇 |
1982年 | 122篇 |
1981年 | 151篇 |
1980年 | 127篇 |
1979年 | 80篇 |
1978年 | 100篇 |
1977年 | 76篇 |
1976年 | 63篇 |
1975年 | 50篇 |
1974年 | 37篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
Mayumi Ujihara Sumiko Hamanaka Sachie Matsuda Fumitaka Numa Hiroshi Kato 《The Journal of dermatology》1994,21(1):56-58
A 76-year-old female was admitted with many bullae and erythema on her trunk and extremities. A biopsy specimen showed significant intercellular edema in the lower epidermis and eosinophilic infiltration into the dermis and the epidermis. Immunofluorescent staining revealed the deposition of IgG in the intercellular area of her prickle cells. From these histologic findings and the typical clinical features, we diagnosed her as having pemphigus vulgaris. Examination of her blood revealed that she also suffered from autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Despite intensive treatment with prednisolone, she finally died. This case is of interest because of its rarity and the TNFα detected significantly in the blister fluid of this patient. 相似文献
132.
Tatsuya Okimoto Hiroshi Yahata Yasuhiko Fukuda Keisuke Hayamizu Kiyohiko Dohi 《Transplant international》1994,7(S1):629-633
Abstract A study was conducted to elucidate the mechanism of donor-pecific Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR and Cell Mediated Lymphotoxicity (CML) unresponsiveness in a renal transplant recipient with a long-term well-functioning kidney. The peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the recipient, who had not shown rejection since his transplantation 5 years previously, and those of his mother (donor), his father and two healthy third parties were examined. MLR, CML, semimicro MLR in a double chamber, interleukin-2 (IL-2) synthesis assay and limiting dilution assay were performed. This recipient showed donor-pecific MLR and CML unresponsiveness. IL-2 assay showed that the PBL of the recipient produced less IL-2 against the donor than against the father and the third parties. The addition of exogenous recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2; Takeda Co.) to the priming MLR caused a recovery of CML against the donor. A limiting dilution assay indicated that cytotoxic T cell precursor (CTLp) frequencies against the donor and father did not differ. The suppressor assay in a double chamber indicated that the PBL of the recipient stimulated by the donor PBL had a non-pecific suppressive effect on MLR, CML and IL-2 synthesis of the PBL across the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) barrier. This suppressive effect was abolished by OKT3 or OKT8 monoclonal antibody and complement. Thus, the recipient had donor-pecific suppressor T cells that produced a humoral non-pecific suppressive factor only when stimulated by the donor PBL, and this factor suppressed PLR and CML by inhibiting IL-2 synthesis of the PBL. 相似文献
133.
C. Vyvyan Howard Luis M. Cruz-Orive Hiroshi Yaegashi 《Acta neurologica Scandinavica》1992,85(S137):14-19
The recently developed method of total vertical projections is illustrated to estimate the total dendritic length of a human Substantia Nigra neuron. Next, the length of the different orders of dendritic branches, and the mean segment length for each order - commonly regarded as important parameters in neuron physiology - are also estimated. Finally, it is shown how to estimate the mean dendritic length in a population of neurons from vertical slices of arbitrary and unknown thickness. Being unbiased and highly efficient, the proposed methods offer interesting alternatives to current procedures used for the metric analysis of neuron arborizations. 相似文献
134.
135.
136.
Evaluation of image-diagnosing methods of enlarged parathyroid glands in chronic renal failure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hiroshi Takagi M.D. Yoshihiro Tominaga M.D. Kazuharu Uchida M.D. Nobuo Yamada M.D. Machio Kawai M.D. Tadayuki Kano M.D. Hiroomi Funahashi M.D. Shigeru Mizuno M.D. 《World journal of surgery》1986,10(4):605-610
Three noninvasive image-diagnosing methods, computed tomography (CT), scintigraphy with201T1C1 and99mTcOh4
–, and ultrasonography (US), were preoperatively performed on 50 patients with chronic renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent total parathyroidectomy and parathyroid autograft. The detection rates of the 3 methods on the 191 excised parathyroid glands were compared according to weight and location. CT detected 57.1% of all glands and 78.6% of 103 glands weighing over 500 mg. Scintigraphy detected 51.8% and 75.7%, and US detected 42.4% and 53.4%, respectively. The detection rate of upper glands was best with CT at 58.9% and 89.1%; that of lower glands was best with scintigraphy at 65.3% and 80.4%. Although the combination of the 3 methods diagnosed 69.6% and 89.5%, CT and scintigraphy, the best 2 combinations, visualized 67.5% and 88.3%.
Presented at the International Association of Endocrine Surgeons in Paris, September 1985. 相似文献
Resumen Tres métodos diagnósticos no invasivos, la tomografía computadorizada (TC), la centelleografía con201T1C1 y99mTcO4 y la ultrasonografía (US) fueron realizados preoperatoriamente en 50 pacientes con falla renal crónica e hiperparatiroidismo secundario sometidos a paratiroidectomía y autotransplante paratiroideo. Las tasas de detección de los 3 métodos fueron comparados sobre las 191 glándulas paratiroideas resecadas en relación a los pesos y a los sitios de ubicación. La TC detectó el 57.1% del total de glándulas y el 78.6% de aquellas glándulas (103) con pesos superiores a 500 mg. La centelleografía detectó 51.8% y 75.7%, y la US 42.4% y 53.4% respectivamente. La tasa de detección para las glándulas superiores fue optima con TC, con 58.9% y 89.1%; la de las glándulas inferiores fue óptima con centelleografía, con 65.3% y 80.4%. Aunque la combinación de los 3 metodos diagnosticó el 69.6% y 89.5%, la TC y la centelleografía, la mejor de las combinaciones, visualizó el 67.5% y el 88.3% respectivamente.
Résumé Trois méthodes d'imagerie non invasives, la tomodensitométrie, la scintigraphie (avec T1C1210 et TcO4 99m), et l'ultrasonographie ont été pratiquées avant l'intervention chez 50 malades qui présentaient une insuffisance rénale chronique compliquée d'hyperparathyroïdisme secondaire et qui furent traités par parathyroïdectomie totale et autogreffe parathyroïdienne. Les taux de détection de ces 3 méthodes concernant 191 glandes parathyroïdes réséquées ont été évalués en fonction du poids et du siège des lésions. La tomodensitométrie a permis de découvrir 57.1% de toutes les glandes et 78.6% des glandes dont le poids dépassait 500 mg; la scintigraphie 51.8% et 75.7%; l'ultrasonographie 42.4% et 53.4%. Le taux de détection des glandes supérieures fut plus élevé avec la tomodensitométrie: 58.9% et 89.1%; celui des glandes inférieures le fut avec la scintigraphie: 65.3% et 80.4%. Si la combinaison des 3 méthodes permet le diagnostic dans 69.6% et 89.5% des cas la tomodensitométrie associée seulement à la scintigraphie donne des résultats très voisins, les taux respectifs étant de 67.5% et de 88.3%.
Presented at the International Association of Endocrine Surgeons in Paris, September 1985. 相似文献
137.
Yoshihide Nagasako Meang Bong Jin Hiroshi Miyazaki Masato Nakayama Tsuyoshi Shimamura Hiroyuki Furukawa Michiaki Matushita Satoru Todo 《Liver transplantation》2006,12(3):435-439
Thrombocytopenia is a frequent finding following living donor hepatectomy. It appears more pronounced in right graft donors than in left graft donors. This study analyzed postoperative thrombocytopenia in 20 living liver donors and examined the change of endogenous thrombopoietin (TPO) in its recovery. Platelet count, TPO level, fibrinogen degradation product (FDP), and D-Dimer were measured before surgery and on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 14. Concurrently, liver and spleen volumes were calculated by computed tomography. Platelet count on POD 3 was significantly lower in right graft donors than in left graft donors (13.0 +/- 3.7 x 10(4)/microL vs. 16.8 +/- 4.0 x 10(4)/microL, P = 0.039) but recovered by POD 7 in all donors. Postoperative elevations of FDP and D-Dimer were significantly higher in right graft donors than in left graft donors. TPO level rose immediately after surgery, peaked on POD 5 in left graft donors and on POD 7 in right graft donors, and fell nearly to preoperative levels by POD 14. Postoperative TPO level per liver volume was significantly higher in right graft donors than in left graft donors. In conclusion, thrombocytopenia following living donor hepatectomy resolved within the first week regardless of graft type and was mainly associated with increasing consumption of circulating platelets, possibly due to intrahepatic and splenic congestion. With a reduced number of circulating platelets, TPO level rapidly increases. Also, with reduced consumption of platelets related to recovery from surgery, thrombocytopenia should resolve. As a consequence, TPO level would be expected to fall. 相似文献
138.
Hiroshi Terasawa M.D. Kazuhisa Uchiyama M.D. Masaji Tani M.D. Manabu Kawai M.D. Takeshi Tsuji M.D. Katsuyoshi Tabuse M.D. Yasuhito Kobayashi M.D. Katsutoshi Taniguchi M.D. Hiroki Yamaue M.D. 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2006,10(6):823-828
To determine the prognostic factors for patients with pathological T1 (pT1) carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, 36 consecutive
patients with carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater who underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinicopathological
features. The overall 5-year Kaplan-Meier survival in all patients was 50.2%, and the median survival of all patients was
64.0 months. Factors favorably influencing a long-term outcome were the absence of lymph node metastasis (P<0.0001), the absence of ulcer formation of the tumor (P=0.0062), and the absence of tumor invasion into the duodenum (P = 0.0025) and the pancreas (P=0.0098). In a multivariate analysis, lymph node metastasis was the only predictor of survival (P=0.0023). In the pT1 stage patients, 20% of the patients had lymph node metastasis, and their survival was statistically poor
compared to the pT1 patients without lymph node metastasis (P=0.017). As for survival after the operation, there was no significant difference between pancreatoduodenectomy and pylorus-preserving
pancreatoduodenectomy. 相似文献
139.
Clinical usefulness of the WHO histological classification of thymoma. 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Satoshi Sonobe Hideaki Miyamoto Hiroshi Izumi Bunsei Nobukawa Toshiro Futagawa Akio Yamazaki Tumin Oh Toshimasa Uekusa Hiroshi Abe Koichi Suda 《Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2005,11(6):367-373
PURPOSE: Rosai et al. published the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of thymic epithelial tumors in 1999, and its clinical usefulness seems to be established. It is our purpose to find the clinically relevant diagnostic points in the WHO Histological Classification of Thymoma. METHODS: Thymomas surgically removed from 100 consecutive patients at Juntendo University Hospital between October 1983 and February 2002 were classified according to the WHO histological classification. We assessed overall survival and recurrence-free rate calculated for each tumor type in the WHO classification compared with those of tumors classified by the Masaoka system. RESULTS: The thymic epithelial tumors in this series comprised 10 type A, 15 type AB, 18 type B1, 21 type B2, 33 type B3, and 3 type C tumors according to the WHO classification. Based on the Masaoka system, the disease was stage I in 53 patients, stage II in 30, stage III in 15, and stage IV in 2. The 15-year recurrence-free rate was 100% for type A, AB and B1, while the rates for types B2 and B3 were 66.7% and 54.5%, respectively. The 10-year recurrence-free rate was 66.7% for type C. The 15-year recurrence-free rate of the 64 patients with type A, AB, B1, and B2 thymomas was significantly higher from that of the 33 patients with type B3 thymoma (p=0.0026). CONCLUSION: When using the WHO classification, it is critical to distinguish type B3 thymoma from other tumor types. 相似文献
140.
Takeshi Uchida Yutaka Ohtaki Hideaki Kido Hiroshi Shinyama Kazutaka Hayashi Katsumi Yamanaga Masahiro Watanabe 《Drug development research》1992,26(2):203-212
The diuretic and the antihypertensive actions of torasemide were examined in renal and genetic hypertensive rats and compared to the effects of furosemide. Oral administration of torasemide (1 and 3 mg/kg) elicited a dose-dependent increase in the excretion of urine and electrolytes and elevated the urinary Na/K ratio in both renal and genetic hypertensive rats. Torasemide and furosemide had a similar maximum diuretic effect in the normotensive Wistar rat and the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). However, the diuretic activity of furosemide was weaker in the renal hypertensive rat (RHR). Torasemide showed approximately 30 times greater diuretic potency than furosemide. Torasemide and furosemide demonstrated hypotensive action in hypertensive rat models, but not in the normotensive Wistar rat. Especially in the RHR, torasemide exhibited a more potent hypotensive action than furosemide. These results show that the diuretic and antihypertensive activities of torasemide are effective in various rat models of hypertension, while the diuretic activity of furosemide is weak in certain hypertensive rat models. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献